The English globe being a stabil and immobil one, performing what the ordinary globes do, and much more / invented and described by the Right Honorable, the Earl of Castlemaine ; and now publish't by Joseph Moxon ...

THE Introduction.

THIS Globe whose several Operations we are here describing, neither hangs in a Frame, nor is moved about as the ordinary ones are, but stands stable and immobil on its Pedestal, which makes it not only to represent the Earth more naturally, according to the com∣mon Hypothesis, but renders it also more expedite and useful, as shall be fully shewn in the Conclusion or last Chapter; for then (after a view of the whole Treatise) every body will the better comprehend all the new Operations it performs, and all the particular Advantages, it can any ways challenge to its self. But here my Reader must remember that though I endeavour all along (even in the most ordinary things) to be clear and ea∣sy, yet unless he has formerly read, Hewes, Bleau, or rather Moxons Book on the Globes, I cannot promise him I shall al∣ways be understood without the help of a Master; for I have not time to descend to all the Definitions and minute Explanati∣ons, which those that are wholly unacquainted with Astronomi∣cal or Geographical Principles, may perchance expect.

As for the Circles here describ'd, there are some common to all Globes; as the Aequator, the Ecliptick, the Coluri, the ordinary Circles of Longitude, the Tropics, and the Polar Cir∣cles; and some also particular to this Globe only, as the Ho∣rizon, the Meridian of the Place, and 16 Parallels to the Ae∣quator, all within the said Tropics. Now that these Circles in general may be the sooner found and comprehended by any new Beginner, there are Capital Letters in the Great Figure, or De∣lineation of the Globe, in Scheme the first, which sufficiently di∣stinguish

them; for the Aequator is markt with AE, the Ecliptic with E, the Polar Circles with N. and S. The Circles of Longitude with the Roman Figures, I. II. III. &c. as well where they fall upon the Polar Circles, as the Aequator; and tho all the Circles, that thus cut the Aequator and Polar Circles at a Roman Figure be Circles of Longitude, yet they now serve for true Hour Circles also, since they are not here express'd, and drawn (ac∣cording to the usual manner of Terrestrial Globes) at the distance of 10 Degrees, but of 15 asunder. And here be pleas'd to re∣member that since there is a difference between the Roman Fi∣gures which belong to the same Circle (for if it cuts for example at IIII. on the Polar Circles, 'twil cut, you see at six hours dif∣ference, viz. at X in the Aequator,) the reason of it will appear by and by very plainly when we come to the Operations, that concern these Circles; of which the broadest (passing through the Zenith and Nadir) has two Quadrants gradually divided on one half of it, the first called the Quadrant of Altitude, reaching from the Pin Z or Zenith, to the Horizon H, the second (called the Quadrant of Depression) reaching from thence to the Nadir; whereas on the other half, or back part of the said Circle, there is a single Quadrant only, viz. from the Zenith to the Horizon, which we shall for the future term the Quadrant of Proportion. This Circle is also markt on the Polar Circles with the Figure XII. representing thereby, not only the 12 a Clock hour Circle or Meridian of the place, for which the Globe is particularly design'd, but the Colurus Solsti∣tiorum also; so that the Colorus Aequinoctiorum must be the 6 a Clock Circle, whose half is (as you see) divided for several uses into Degrees from Pole to Pele. By these two Circles then, you have readily presented to you the 4 Cardinal Secti∣ons, or Points of the Globe; for as the Graduated half of the said Meridian, shews the Globes Southern part or face, and the opposite its Northern, so the graduated half of the six a Clock Circle gives its Eastern, and the plain side of it its Western. Now for the Aequinoctial Parallels, or Sun's Track for every 10th day, throughout the year, (for to avoid Confusion of Circles, I describe no more) they are distinguish'd by the Days of the Month, when the Sun comes to them, the uttermost of which are the two Tropics markt not only with the 11th. of June and 11th. of December, but with ♋ and ♑, the usual Cha∣racters

of Cancer and Capricorn. Lastly, for the Meridian of the World, or first Circle of Longitude, 'tis markt with the Let∣ter L, and prickt also; and tho in the present Longitude (i. e. that of London) it stands for the 2 a Clock Hour-Circle, yet in its self 'tis changeable, as shall be shewn hereafter, when we treat of its Properties, and Divisions.

These are then the Circles here describ'd, either common, (as I said) to all Globes, or particular to this, and being well observed and remembred will much facilitate the ensuing Ope∣rations, which are all naturally performed, either by the sha∣dow of the Sun and Moon alone, or by the help of a small String, hanging sometimes from the Pin P, representing the North-Pole, sometimes from the Pin Z, representing (as I said) the Zenith, and garnisht with a little Bead and Plumet, according to its Figure in the Scheme aforesaid.

And here you are to take notice that tho the one end of the String be absolutely fastned to the Pole, to prevent the loosing of it, yet 'twill serve for the Zenith as commodiously as if it always hung from thence; for there is made at a convenient di∣stance from the said fastned end, a little Noose or Ring, which (as occasion requires) is now to be over this Pin, and now over that; Nay if you give your String but half a turn about either of the Pins, you will (with a little Allowance) as exactly per∣form your Operation as if you used the said Noose it self.

To conclude, the whole Treatise is divided into six Sections; The first solving several Questions that relate to the Sun in our Elevation. The second, many Geographical ones, together with some that concern the Sun, not only where we live, but all the World over. The third is of the Moon; The 4th. of the Proportion of Perpendiculars to their shades, with some use∣ful Corollaries thence arising; The 5th. of Dialling, and the 6th. of the Stars.

Notes

• Of the Circles describ'd on the Globe.
• The 4 Cardi∣nal points of the Globe.
• vid. Oper: 2. & 5. in Sect. 2.
• What the Operations of the Globe are perform'd with.
• A Memoran∣dum.
• How the Treatise is divided.