both because they are annexed vnto it, and do also mooue it vpward and downward, and to both sides; for the bone it selfe was necessarily to be mouable, because it was ordained to be helpeful to deglutition. But there are two kinds of muscles which are ioyned to this bone: som haue their original frō it but do serue other parts, as the tongue & the Larynx. Others that take their originall from other bones, and yet are inserted into this Hyois and are proper to it, and of these we will intreate at this time, reckoning vp vnto you 4 payre although there be some who account sixe.
Of these two, paire are numbred with the muscles of the tongue, because the motions of the tongue and of the bone Hyois are very nere a kin, and therefore it is no wonder if their muscles be mixed and connected together.
The first paire run betweene the brest-bone and the bone Hyois, and are therefore cal∣led Sternohyoidei [Tab. 6. fig. 2 Q •] and appeare outwardly vnder the skin lying vppon the sharpe artery and the gristle of the throttle called Thyroeides. It ariseth with a broad and fleshy beginning from the vpper and inner side of the brest-bone, and runnes directly vp∣ward, and is implanted very fleshy without a tendon (saith Columbus) into the foreside of the basis of the bone Hyois. All along their passage they are fleshy and broad, and are diui∣ded in the middest by a line which passeth according to their length. Their vse is to draw the bone straight downward and backward, and by accident also they defend the throtle and the gristle Thyroesdes.
The second paire called Genio-hyoides [Tab. 6. fig. 2 S] are vnder the chinne, and the fift paire of the lower iaw. [Tab. 6. fig. 2 O] They are large and short and fleshy all ouer, and do arise with Fibres of a diuers course from the inner part of the lower iawe, and are in∣serted with the same breadth into the middle part of the bone Hyois, into which also the first paire was implanted. They draw directly vpward and somewhat forward.
The third paire called Styloceratoeides [Tab. 7. fig. 2 T] is seated obliquely and vnder the Chin as the former, and are outwardly stretched vppon the fifte paire of the neather Iaw. They are slender and round, and arise from the roote of the Appendixe Styloides aboue the originall of the fift muscle of the Iaw, and end into the hornes of the Hyois, that is, into the laterall or side parts thereof, and they are sometimes perforated in the middest to giue way to the muscle which openeth the Iaw. They moue the bone toward the sides and somewhat vpward.
The fourth paire is called Coracohyoeidei. [Tab. 6. fig. 2. V, V. Tab. 7, fig. 3, V, V] They ly lurking vnder the fourth muscle of the shoulder-blade, as Vesalius and Platerus haue no∣ted. They are slender and long, and do arise out of the processe called Carocoeides at the vpper end of the shoulder-blade nere his necke, and do run obliquely vpwarde vnder the seuenth muscle of the head, and are implanted where the third paire is, into the beginning of the lower processe of the bone Hyois, and these draw downward vnto the sides. This is a long paire on eyther side fleshy and hath a double belly, and therefore Galen cald them Digastricks, but in the middle they are slender and neruous as is the fourth muscle of the Iaw and the fift proper muscle of the Larynx, and extenuated into the forme almost of a Tendon, haply to giue way to the seuenth muscle of the head, which heere runneth ouer him [K] as to his better.
Concerning the vse of these muscles, we craue leaue to add yet a little more: some thinke they were not ordained for motion but rather for tension, to tye, establish & sus∣pend the bone Hyoides, so saith Laurentius: others as Archangelus thinke, they serue for di∣glutition, and that they are the proper muscles of the Hyois. Others as Arantius, because this bone is the basis of the Tongue, and because the basis of any thing can by no meanes be mooued, but that also must be moued which is established vpon that basis, do thence determine that these muscles do mooue the Tongue, and so much the rather because the manifold and frequent motions of the Tongue can hardly be imagined to be accompli∣shed by so few and so small muscles as determine or end in the substance of the Tongue. Wherefore these may be called the common Muscles of the tongue and the Hyois, into which certaine Nerues are distributed from the sixt Coniugation.