CHAP. XVI. Of the Muscles of the Choppes which serue for Diglutition or Swallowing.
GAlen first of all men described the muscles of the Choppes, whome after O∣ribasius his Epitomizer and Auicen followed, making one on each side. A∣mong the later Anatomists Falopius was the first who described three paires; which are seated in the Mouth betweene the coat of the palate & the bredth * 1.1 of the Nosethrils. VVe will reckon vnto you 4. paire, whereof two doe di∣late and tvvo contract; and therefore they helpe the Svvallow because the Chops vvere of necessity to bee dilated or straightned vvhen the meate and the drinke should passe by them.
The first paire ariseth thinne and neruous from the toppe of the vvedge-bone called * 1.2 sphaenoides neare the articulation of the lovver iavv vvith the bone of the temple, and de∣scendeth very small and slender by the invvard cauity of the Pterygoides, and endeth in a neruous thinne and broad tendon vvhich passeth ouer the cleft vvhich is in the end of the Pterygoides, and being reflected is inserted into the skinny part of the palate at vvhich the Vuula hangeth. If both these muscles moue together they dravv the bottom of the chops, together vvith the Vuula vpvvard and forvvard; if but one of them moue, then it dravveth vnto that side vvherein it is seated.
The second paire ariseth neruous from the same beginning vvith the former, and de∣clining * 1.3 dovvnevvards it is inserted into the sides of the choppes vvhere the Tonsils or Al∣monds doe reside and taketh vppe or at least embraceth all the side and backepart of the Choppes This payre draweth the Tonsils vpward and sidelong, and dilateth the whole cauity of the Chops by parting them asunder. These two paires serue to dilate or open the Choppes, and some say they hinder the liquid matter that comes vp in vomiting that it passeth not through or into the nose.
The third paire compasseth the backeward and side cauitie of the Choppes, and ari∣seth * 1.4 very thinne where the head is ioyned with the necke, whence it descendeth and is in∣serted in the sides of the bone Hyois and the first gristle of the Throttle, sometimes also in∣to the roote of the Tongue but obscurely; and it constringeth the Choppes when a man swalloweth; and as Falopius perswades himselfe it helpeth to swallow a great morsell; be∣cause in diglutition or swallowing of meat it raiseth vp the throttle.
The fourth paire ariseth very slender from the inside of the appendix called Styloides, declineth forward, and is inserted with a membranous Tendon to the first Gristle of the * 1.5 Larynx or Throttle, to the sides of the bone Hyois, and the extremity of the rootes of the Tongue: and therfore (sayth Platerus) it may be sayd to be a paire common to the chops and to the Tongue, because it draweth the tongue and the foresayde parts backwards and vpward, and constringeth the choppes as wee swallow. These two latter paire doe con∣tract the choppes and somewhat lift vp the throttle that the swallow might bee the more facile and easie.