Mikrokosmographia a description of the body of man. Together vvith the controuersies thereto belonging. Collected and translated out of all the best authors of anatomy, especially out of Gasper Bauhinus and Andreas Laurentius. By Helkiah Crooke Doctor of Physicke, physitian to His Maiestie, and his Highnesse professor in anatomy and chyrurgerie. Published by the Kings Maiesties especiall direction and warrant according to the first integrity, as it was originally written by the author.

CHAP. VIII. Of the vessels disseminated through the Brayne.

THE vessels disseminated through the Braine are Veines and Arteries and those Sinus or Canalles whereof wee intreated at large in the former Chap∣ter.

The Veines are braunches of the inner or vtter Iugulars: the Arteries of the Carotides or sleepy Arteries, and of that we call Ceruicales or the artery of the necke.

The inner Iugular at the Basis of the skull in the backpart [table 7. figure 13. at^Λ] is de∣uided into two brāches, one bigger which watereth the backpart, & another smaller bran∣ching

forward. The bigger [Tab. 7, fig. 13, the lower^c] attaineth into the braine at the first hole of thr Nowle-bone. [Tab. 4. fig. 10,^b] The lesser, [Tab. 6, fig. 1,^DD] getteth into the braine at the seauenth hole of the wedge-bone. [Tab. 4, fig. 10,^R]

The vtter Iugular veine sendeth three branches into the Scull: the first [Tab. 7, fig. 13,^B] entreth into the Sinus of the dura meninx through the hole of the temple bones. [Tab. 4, fig. 10,^C] The second [Tab. 7, fig. 13.^G. Tab. 14, fig. 19,^HH] passeth in at the second hole of the wedge-bone. [Tab 4, fig. 10.^G] The third [Tab. 7, fig. 13,^H. Tab. 14, fig. 19,^II] is distribu∣ted into the dura meninx, and getteth in at the hole of the spongy bone.

[illustration]

FIG. XIII.

[illustration]

XIV.

[illustration]

XV

[illustration]

XVI.

Beside these fiue veins, Vesa∣lius and Platerus add another, to wit, the end of the Necke veine which entreth the Scul (say they) at the third hole of the Nowle bone which was purposely made for it. But Bauhine could neuer obserue it; yet wee haue added it in the Table. [Tab. 7, fig. 13,^D.] Thus much of the veins, now of the arteries.

The sleepy artery called Carotis whē it is come on ei∣ther side to the Chops is di∣uided into two branches, one exterior of which heereafter, the other interior which is the larger of the twain. This at the Basis of the Scull [tab. 7, fig. 13,^B] is diuided into 2. vnaequall branches. The first is a little lesse then the Trunke, [tab. 7, fig. 13, ^L. fig. 15, ^CC. tab▪ 14, fig. 19,^P] pierceth the Scull through a proper hole of his owne thrilled in the temple∣bone, passeth vnto the saddle of the wedge bone and then sheaddeth a branch on each hand into the side of the dura mater, [tab 7, fig. 15,^D] and af∣terward being diuersly carri∣ed and diuided (as wee shall heare more distinctly in the booke of veines) it helpeth to make the Rete mirabile. [tab. 7, fig. 14] and the Plexus Choroides. From this first issueth a branch obliquely, [tab. 7, fig. 13,^q] and getteth into the braine at the second hole of the temple-bone, and then is diuided into two branches, the one running outward [tab. 7, fig. 13,^s] through the eight hole of the wedgebone into the cauity of the Nose: [tab. 7, fig. 15,^•] the other inward, which is diuided into two, [tab. 7, fig. 13,^uu] and after distributed in∣to the Dura Meninx; and this is called the second artery, though it arise out of the first.

The third artery [Tab. 7, fig. 13,^I] is the other branch of the inner trunke of the Carotis, much lesse then the first; getteth in at the first hole of the nowle-bone, [Tab. 4, fig. 10,^b] and so passeth into the Sinus of the dura meninx.

There is also one other artery called Ceruicalis which is a sprout of the axillary artery, it perforateth the dura meninx in the side where it inuesteth the spinall marrow and entreth the Scull at the same large hole whereout the marrow issueth, and ascendeth vnto the place of the Glandule called pituitaria where it is diuided into two branches, which helpe to accomplish the Plexus Choroides.

Beside these veines and arteries; the Sinus of the dura meninx is also a vessell of the brain which we haue at large discribed before. It receiueth three veines, [Tab. 7, fig. 13, ^CDE] and two arteries [^IK] which vnburthen themselues into it: and this Sinus according to his di∣uers course is distinguished into foure as you haue heard, which are larger then the veines that ascend vnto the Scull but not round as they are, but rather like a triangle consisting of three ribs of an equall length and curued somewhat inward. From these do issue certaine passages like vnto veines, by which both sorts of bloud Naturall and Vitall, is distributed into the substance of the braine as we haue said before.

The vse of the veines is three-fold, first to bring plentifull nourishment to the braine. The second, to bring a Natural influent spirit from the Liuer to nourish the ingenit Natu∣rall spirit of the braine.

The third, together with the Naturall spirit to bring the Vegetable soule or power into the braine.

The vse of the arteries is to bring vitall spirits and facultie to cherish the vitall spirit of the braine, to ventilate the in-bred heate of the braine, to moue the bloud in the veines which otherwise would putrifie: And finally to make the bloud of the veines which is thic∣ker heere then ordinary as we haue already obserued, somewhat thinner that it might passe and repasse more freely.

And thus much shall suffice concerning the containing parts of the head both outward and inward, common and proper, with their appurtenances the vessels. Now it is time we should come vnto the parts contained, which are the braine and the after-braine, with the spinall marrow and Nerues arising there from: and first of the braine it selfe.

Notes

• The veines.
• The inner iu∣gular.
• The vtter Iu∣gular.
• Another vein of Vesalius his finding:
• The arteries.
• The first
• The second.
• The third.
• A fourth.
• The Sinus of the Dura me∣ninx.
• The vse of the veines.
• The vse of the Arterres.