Mikrokosmographia a description of the body of man. Together vvith the controuersies thereto belonging. Collected and translated out of all the best authors of anatomy, especially out of Gasper Bauhinus and Andreas Laurentius. By Helkiah Crooke Doctor of Physicke, physitian to His Maiestie, and his Highnesse professor in anatomy and chyrurgerie. Published by the Kings Maiesties especiall direction and warrant according to the first integrity, as it was originally written by the author.

CHAP. XVI. Of the Branches of the great Artery disseminated through the Chest and the Necke.

THE great Artery is the largest [Tab. 13, figure 1 ^A] at the left ventricle of the heart whence it ariseth, and before it fall from the Pericardium or purse it bringeth foorth aboue his Values or Membranes [Tab. 13, fig. 3, charac∣ter 1, 2, 3] sometimes one, sometimes two Arteries, which we call Corona∣rias, [Tab. 13, fig. 1, ^BB] because like a crowne they compasse the Basis of the

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Table 13. Fig. 1, sheweth the trunke of the great Artery, to∣gether with his branches as they are disseminated through the three bellies or Regions of the body.

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The second Figure sheweth a portion of the Arterie as it is on the backeside, from whence it sendeth branches to the di∣stances betwixt the Lower ribbes.

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The thirde Figure, sheweth a portion of the great Artery, where it yssueth out of the Heart is heere shewed open: & by that meanes wee may better perceyue his Coates and Fibres.

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TABVLA. XIII.

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FIG. I.

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II

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III

• A. The orifice of the great Arterie, where it is continued with the heart.
• BB The Coronary arteries.
• C the diuision thereof.
• D the descending trunke.
• E the ascending trunke.
• F the right Subclauian artery, whose originall at a is higher then the lefte.
• G The left subclauian Artery, whose originall is at b.
• H, I. The vpper Intercostall Artery at I. reaching to eight distances of the ribbes at H.
• K the Phrenicke Arteries on either side.
• * The trunke of the great Artery, where it passeth through the Fissure of the Midriffe.
• L L the Mammary artery. ccc Growing to the Muscles that are betwixte the gristles, and to the paps.
• M M. The artery called Ceruicalis.
• NN the ingate thereof into the bone of the Oc∣cipitium.
• O O the artery called Muscula.
• P P. the right and the left Axillarie Arteries.
• Q Q. the vpper chest Artery, called Thoracica superior.
• R R. The lower called Thoracica inferior.
• S S the artery called Scapularis.
• T T. the Artery called Humeraria.
• V V. the remainder of the Axillarie artery rea∣ching to the armes.
• X Y the right and left Carotis or the sleepie Arteries.
• ee The coniunction of the Mammary with the Epigastricke Arteries.
• ff the diuision of the sleepy arteries at the chops
• g the externall branch.
• h the internall branch which is deriued to the throtle, the Chops, and the tongue.
• i This at the basis of the scull is distributed into two branches.
• l the distribution of the braunch g, vnto the Cheeks, and the Muscles of the face.
• m the distribution of the braunch g, vnder the roote of the eare.
• n the same branch creeping vp the temples.
• o And the backeside of the eare.
• p the stomacke artery called Coeliaca.
• q the vpper Mesentericall artery.
• r s the emulgent arteries,
• tt, vv the spermaticall arteries
• x the lower Mesentericall artery.
• yyyy the arteries of the Loines called Lumbaris α the vmbilicall arteries. β the Artery called Muscula superior. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the byfurcation of the great artery into the Iliack branches, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the artery called Sacra. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the inner bow of the left trunke. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the vtter bowe which descen∣deth to the thigh. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the artery called Muscula inferior. λλ the artery called Hypogastrica. μ the remainder of the same bow, which being encreased by a branch from the exteriour passeth by the share-bone. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the arterie called Epigastrica to which the Mammarie arteries marked with 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 are ioyned. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the artery called Pudenda. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the Crurall artery. Figure 2 & 3. AAA, A coate like a Spiders web. B B the inner coate of the artery. C, the vtter coate of the artery. D E the original of the Coronary arteries. 1, 2, 3 Three Values set to the ori∣fice of the Artery in the heart.

heart: afterward it yssueth out of the Pericardium and is vnequally diuided into two parts, one ascending vpward to the head [Tab. 13, fig. 1 ^E] which also is the lesse, the other and larger by farre tendeth downward [Tab. 13, fig. 1 ^D] because the parts below the Heart, are many more then those aboue.

Out of the greater descending trunke [Tab. 13. fig. 1 ^D] which in the Chest is large and * 1.1 thicke, these branches following do yssue.

The lower Intercostall Arteries [Tab. 13, fig. 1 ^HHH] which are sent vnto the distances of * 1.2 the eight low ribs.

The Artery called Phrenica, that is, of the Midriffe, on each side one [Table. 13 fig 1, ^KK] * 1.3 which are disseminated through the Midriffe and the Pericardium.

The remainder of the trunke pierceth through the Fissure or perforation of the midriffe [Tab. 13. fig. 1, *] and cleauing to the bodies of the Spondels or rack-bones, doth diuerselie communicate it selfe through the lower belly.

The lesser and ascending [Tab. 13. fig. 1 ^F] trunke being fastned to the Weazon is com∣municated * 1.4 to all the parts of the body aboue the heart; and first of all it is forked into two notable branches, which vnder the Pattell or coller-bones bendeth to the first ribbe of his owne side, and therefore it is called Arteria subclauia, for the Latines call the coller Bones * 1.5 Clauiculae, [Tab. 13, fig. 1, ^FG] then the trunke is diuided into the two arteries called Carotides or the sleepy Arteries.

The right Subclauiae [Tab. 13, fig. 1 ^F his originall is at ²] issueth out of the great artery, e∣uen where it is parted into the sleepie arteries, it is higher, larger and runneth more ouer∣thwart * 1.6 then the left, whose course to the arme is rather oblique then transuerse.

From these Subclauiae before they fall out of the Chest (for after they are out of the chest they are no more called Subclauiae but Axillares) [Tab. 13. fig. 1 ^P•] as soon as they touch the first rib do passe certaine propagations.

From their Lower part, that which is called Intercostalis superior. [Tab. 13. fig. 1 II] * 1.7

From their Vpper part yssue, first the Mammaria [Tab. 13. fig. 1 ^LI] which vnder the brest∣bone being reflected together with a Veine, descendeth vnto the Paps and the Muscles, [Tab. 13. fig. 1 ^CLC] betwixt the gristles of the true ribbes, and so descendeth vnder the right Muscles of the Lower belly vnto the Nauell, where it is diuided into many surcles [Table 13, figure 1 ^dd] and so meeteth with the Epigastricall Arterie ascending vpward. [Table 13 fig. 1, ^cc]

Secondly the Ceruicalis, [Tab. 13, fig. 1, ^MM] which yssueth more backeward toward the * 1.8 bodies of the rack-bones, and at the 7. spondell of the necke entreth in at the holes of the transuerse processes of those spondels, and so is communicated to the Muscles, the marrow of the necke, and the Spondels themselues. Betwixt the first spondell and the nowl-bone these Arteries on either side [Tab. 13, fig. 1 ^NN] enter into the scull, and at the Basis of the braine they are vnited.

Thirdly, the Muscula [Tab. 13, fig. 1 ^OO] because it watereth the Muscles of the necke. * 1.9

From the Axillary artery, [Tab. 13, fig. 1 ^PP] so called because it passeth by the Axilla or Arme-hole before it reach vnto the arme, do yssue from the lower part Thoracica su∣perior [Tab. 13, fig. 1 ^QQ[ which deriueth his branches to the Muscles lying vpon the breast. Thoracica inferior [Tab. 13, fig 1 ^RR] which creepeth downe the whole side of the chest. Sca∣pularis [Tab. 1, fig. 13, S] disseminated to the Muscles in the hollowe part of the Shoulder∣blade. From the vpper part Humeraria [Tab. 13, fig. 1, ^TT] which climbeth to the toppe of the shoulder, and is distributed into the Muscles there••bout. That which remayneth of * 1.10 the Axillary artery [Tab. 13, fig. 1, ^QQ] being accompanied with the Axillary veine passeth vnto the arme.

That which remaineth of the ascendent trunke [Tab. 13, fig. 1, ^•] lying vpon the sharpe Artery and supported by the Sweere bread, whilst it is yet in the cauity of the chest is diui∣ded into two vnequall branches which they cal Carotides, [Table 13, fig. 1 ^XY] or the sleepie * 1.11 Arteries, which rising directly vpward are by the mediation of a Membrane tied to the we∣zon and the internall iugular veines, and so attaine vnto the head. But of these wee shall speake more in the eight Booke.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The descend∣ing trunke,
• * 1.2

  Intercostalis.
• * 1.3

  Phrenica.
• * 1.4

  The ascend∣ing trunke.
• * 1.5

  Subclauia
• * 1.6

  The right.
• * 1.7

  Intercostal. sup-Mammaria.
• * 1.8

  Ceruicalis. 2.
• * 1.9

  Muscula 3 From the Ax∣illary Artery. Thoracica super Thoracica infer Scapularis.
• * 1.10

  Humeraria.
• * 1.11

  Carotides.