The rule of reason, conteinyng the arte of logique, set forth in Englishe, by Thomas Vuilson

¶Of Relatiues.

RElatiues are those, whiche are comprehended with other, or the whiche are named, one with another, and (as a man

would say) haue a mutuall respect, one to another.

The other predicamentes before re∣hersed, were absolutely spoken, so that we maie vnderstande by one, and the∣same woorde, what it meaneth. As we may perceiue what a man is, although we ioyne nothyng to hym, wee knowe what Iustice is, although we compare hym with none other thyng. But these Relatiues, cannot bee so well vnder∣standen, excepte we ioyne some thyng to them. As when I saie a father, I cā not so call hym, excepte I vnderstande a sōne that he hath. So that euery bo∣dy is called a father, in respect that he hath a sonne, or els not. Again, no body can be called a Schole Master, except he haue scholers. There is no husband except he ha••e a wife.

Therefore we maie se, that Relati∣ues are referred euermore to another, neither can thei bee taken absolutely, without hauyng respect, to some other worde. There is no worde, but we maie considre thesame to bee a Relatiue, if we referre it to some other thyng, and

therefore wee maie go throughout all the predicamētes, with this one place, and finde relacion in euery one of thē.

Those that are referred to some thyng, are of two sortes. First thei are properly so called, as the father, and the sonne, the master, and his seruaūt, neither can thei be considered, excepte thei bee compared with some other, for when one is called father, he is proper¦ly so called, because he hath a sonne, and thereof hath he his proper beyng.

Again relatiues, vnproperly so cal∣led, are those seuerall woordes, whiche are knowen, & haue their beyng, euen when thei stande alone: and yet consi∣dered with other, thei haue diuerse re∣spectes. as loue, is the loue of the thyng loued. Or thus, loue beholdeth the thyng loued. Faithe beholdeth that thyng, whervnto it leaueth. And ther∣fore where as Paule saieth, we beyng iustified by faithe, haue peace before God, it is asmuche to saie, that we are not receiued for the worthinesse of the qualitee, but for his sake, that is the sonne of God. For I praie you, wher∣vnto

leaueth faithe, or what thyng doeth it els behold? Sauyng onely our Lorde Iesus, that died freely once for al. Or els thus, Relatiues are so cal∣led, (and yet vnproprely) whiche are not accordyng to their propre beeyng, but accordyng as thei are so named, whereof the .vj. predicamentes that fo∣lowe, beare the name. As he that doth any thyng, is referred to a thyng doen, whe••ein the twoo places that folowe are declared, whiche signifie, to do, and to suffer. By the place (vbi) where, one neighbor is cōpared with his ne••t neighbor. By the place quando, whē, A childe of .vj. yere olde, is compared with a child of thesame yeres. He that lieth vpright, is cōpared with him that•• lieth doune grouelyng. In all these the proper beeyng, is not declared, for a childe maie bee sixe yeres of age, al∣though he be not compared with ano∣ther, and therefore it is called relatio secundum dici improprie. But a man can neuer be a father, sauyng o••ely in consideraciō of his sonne And yet note this one thyng, it is proper to all Re∣latiues,

alwaies to be true, euen by cō∣uercion. And thus whosoeuer is a fa∣ther, thesame hath a sonne, whosoeuer is a sonne, thesame hath a father. Who soeuer hath faithe, that same man lea∣neth to Christ onely. Whosoeuer lea∣neth to Christ onely, that same manne hath faithe. Here are twoo thynges to be marked in relacion. The ground of euery thyng, and the ende wherevnto it hath respecte, or consideracion. As a father is the grounde, in that he doeth begette, and hath respect to his sonne, in that he is begotten. The sonne is the ground, in that he is begotten, & hath re∣spect to his fa∣ther, whi∣che did beget hym. And thus likewise in all other.