A compendious chyrurgerie: gathered, & translated (especially) out of Wecker, at the request of certaine, but encreased and enlightened with certaine annotations, resolutions & supplyes, not impertinent to this treatise, nor vnprofitable to the reader: published for the benefite of all his countreymen, by Ihon Banester maister in chyrurgerie

CHAP. I. Of a greene wounde.

A Wound is a breach of conti∣nuitie, new, and bloudie, with out either matter or putre∣faction.

Causes are, either sworde, or such weapons, as may be sent from farre to doe the hurt: of which kinde, there be diuers fashions, some long and slender, as arrowes, both with plaine and bearded heades: others broade, some againe rounde, as bullettes of leade, or y••on, othersome empoy∣soned.

Signes of the wounde, as also whe∣ther it be in a similar or instrumental part, ar easily discerned by common sense. The signes yet of the instrument that causeth the wounde, are not al∣waies so manifest. For although (as is saide before) some are stricken at hande, as with the sworde, or such o∣ther weapon, yet we knowe also, that some hurts are sent further off, which being done by things of small com∣passe,

as a pellet or bullet, may be out of sight, lying hidden in the fleshe. The place thereof if you shall han∣dle, you shall finde eminent, rough and vneuen. The diuision doeth not tende directly forwarde, but shew∣eth greater, and wider. The fleshe sheweth blackish, brused, and there is paine with certaine heauinesse. The woundes that are empoysoned you shall perceiue, in that the fleshe will shewe pale, of a bloe colour, and be deaddish, &c.

Woundes in the fleshie partes are easily cured, but those of the nerues, veines, and arteries, doe not vnite a∣gaine, neither are without daunger. The bones doe ioyne againe by their naturall glewe. Woundes in the a instrumentall parts, as in the braine, heart, lunges, liuer, splene, midreife, wesand, stomach, guttes, and blad∣dar, are deadly. A feuer, soun∣ding, perturbation, alienation of the minde, crampe, &c. comming vppon a wounde, are perillous. There be iij. terminations to wounds. The first and shortest is within seuen•• dayes. The longest xl. daies. And the

middlemost (according to the nature and order of sharpe diseases) xiiij. dayes. If the wounde appeare suspiti∣ous and enwrapped with doubtful in∣dications, prognosticate nothing vn∣till the seuenth day.

To the direction of the cure, of woundes in generall, pertaine iiij. in∣tentions. The first must be in regarde of the cause, the seconde of the dis∣ease or wounde it selfe, the thirde re∣specting the part affected: and the iiii. the symptomes o•• accidentes concur∣ring. The cause, to wit, the outward thinges wherewith the wounde was inflicted, must (if they sticke yet in the same) by all meanes, be sought to be remooued. Which purpose to atchiue, you haue two notable waies to worke, that is to wit, by instru∣ments, and by medicines: by instru∣ments, in this sort: if it be a long and slender dart, cōsider, whether the head of it be euen and smooth, or else vne∣uen and bearded, if it be euen, it is to bee drawne foorth, either on the contrarie side, or the same waye it went in. You are to chuse the con∣trarie side, if so bee there bee

likelihoode of doing more hurt, by tearing the parts, in drawing it back∣wards, then in t••king it out contrary way. The way therfore being opened sunder the fleshe with an instrument made after the similitude of this greeke letter 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 nowe when the dart head apeareth, & sheweth it selfe, into the place of your incision, if the steale or shaft be yet in the heade, it will helpe you the better, to thrust it tho∣rough, to the other side, that so, you may there drawe it foorth. But if on∣ly the heade sticke within, then must you make shift, either with your fin∣gers, or some conuenient instrument to take holde of it, and so drawe it forth. If you see it more conuenient, to draw it backe againe, the way that it went in, that must you also attempt by the like reason: to wit, the wound being enlarged, drawe it out by the steale, if it haue any, if it haue none, drawe foorth the yron either with the opening cane, or the crowe bill, or the darte drawer, or other like de∣uised instrument for the purpose: enlarging sufficiently the wounde, if otherwise, it bee to narrowe fo••

the instrument. Nowe if the heade be spiked or bearded, if the beardes be small, breake them off first, and then drawe out the dart: but if the beardes bee large, conuaye quilles in that order betwixt them and the flesh, that the flesh may not be torne in their going out: but if the heade be bearded both forwards and back∣wardes, so that it can come out ney∣ther waye, then must you needes o∣pen the place with a newe incision (without you knowe of a veine or such other vessell of daunger, in that place, that forbiddeth it) and so suffi∣cient roome beeing p••ocured, take foorth the heade gently and without plucking. Some doe likewise bridle those beardes, with quilles, or pee∣ces of reedes, that they may not teare, and so plucke them out that way that seemeth readiest. Broade dartes or speare heads being hiddē in the flesh, it is not expedient to thrust them out on thother side, for feare of making one great wound vpon another, they are therefore to bee pulled out with Diocles darte drawer. An instrument deuised by Diocles, and called of the

Greeks Eraphiscum. If a bullet of lead or yron, be lodged in the wound, first place the parties bodie in the same gesture (if it may be) in which it was when it receiued the wounde: and so search with a probe, which way the pellet is gone, (this obserue in the drawing out of all artillerie) if the case be such as the patient may not haue his bodie placed in that order, yet at least, so place him, lyinge, that, as muche as may be, he may come neere to the fashion. This doone, enlarge the wounde, and take out the pellet by the waye that it entred, with some hooke, probe, crowebill, or scissourlike mullet, or suche other, as the wounde is easliest able to receiue for that o∣peration. If so be, the shotte bee in such sort hidden, as that it may in no wise be founde, or else may not safely ynough be drawen foorth, then is it to be let alone, till na∣ture eyther thrust it foorth, or ma∣nifest it. And it hath beene seene sometime, that without offence of nature, a bullet hath tarried with∣in, for a certaine space, after the

wounde was cloosed vppe and hea∣led. And agayne, after a certaine space, to come foorth by waye of a∣postemation: after which the wound hath beene perfectly healed, the same cure being vsed thereto, as to other woundes. To speake generally of al sorts of engines inflicting wounds, if they sticke in but superficially, and haue not persed or broken a∣nye great veines, then are they to bee drawen out, the same waye they went in. As also it falleth out sometime, euen in those that lye deepe: to wit, when manifest daun∣ger, eyther through losse of bloud, or consent of some principall partes, is forespyed likelie to fall out, through the opening of the contrarie side. In such a case there∣fore, wee eyther drawe it foorth with our fingers, or by the steale of the shaft, or dart, (if it haue a∣nye) or otherwise, by conuaying a steale into the hollowe of the y∣ron, and so winde it foorth. But there is another case, wherein if it lye deepe, it is not to bee plucked out the same waye, but,

but, on the contrarie side, as when the way is longer for it to come backe a∣gaine then to be thrust through out∣right, and hath alreadie in going in, pearsed through veines and synewes: briefly, when but a little whole flesh remayneth to be pearsed through, & that nothing letteth, whereby inci∣sion might not be fitly made, on the other side against the point of it, in such a case, it is better to open that that remaineth, and thrust out the dart, on the other side. for so, it is both neerer hande to finde, and safe∣lier taken out, as also in a great mem∣ber, if the point haue once passed the midst of it, it healeth easilyer, if the way be made quit thorough, because it may receiue the helpe of medicines on bo••h ••ides. Nowe it must bee thrust through, either by the steale, if it stick in, or else (if the steale be sha∣ked out of the heade) with a propul∣sorie instrument•• either hollowe•• or solid, (which some call the deafe propulsorie) euen as the case requi∣••eth. Further note, that if it haue a sharpe point (which you shall finde by searching with your probe) then

you must vse the female propulsorie instrument, but if it haue a hollowe or socket, the male propulsorie: and so by such meanes, thrust it on for∣warde, till you may easily take holde of it to plucke it forth. Alwayes ha∣uing notable regard, that you deuide not a nerue or a tendon, either some great veine or arterie. As for those that sticke in the bone, it is not safe to plucke them out otherwise, then backe againe: shaking or moouing the darte, till the place bee loosed, wherein it was holden, and then with the hande, or instrument, drawe it foorth: which manner of dealing likewise is vsed in plucking foorth of teeth, and verie seeldome doeth the dart, not followe, if it be so vsed: but if it doe chaunce to staie, it may bee stricken out with some instru∣ment. Some binde the bowe called Balista, to some of the mullet like in∣strumentes or pinsers, and so, the pa∣tient sitting fast in his place, by draw∣ing and loosing againe the string of the same instrument, drawe foorth the darte: but if the darte sticke ••eeper in the bone, (which wee

knowe by that, that it will by no force be mooued) then with a chis∣sell•• cutting away the bone neere a∣bout it, or else pearsing it through (if it bee thicke) with a ••erebrer, wee take foorth the dart. There are, which from the hole of the tere∣brer, doe cutte out the bone a∣gaynst the dart, after the fashion of the letter 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 so that the lines, which are sundred may respecte the darte: whiche doone, it must necessarilie slippe, and be easily taken out. which is the last remedie.

Othersome, with a straight long ••erebrer, called the direct Terebrer, doe straine open the rift of the bone, wherein the darte is holden, that whilest the same gapeth, the darte may be drawen awaye. In thinges fixed in a ioynt, that is, betwixt two bones, you are to fasten to both sides of the ioynt, strong rowles or bandes, and the one of them pul∣ling one way, the other another way, drawe open the ioynt, that the ten∣dons, ligamentes, and nerues may stretch: which beeing so extended, ••he space in the ioynt betwixt the

two bones must needes bee easier, so that without anie difficultie, the thing infixed may bee taken foo••th. But in this businesse it must also be lookt to, that no nerue, veine, or arterie be hurt, whilest the infixed thing is drawen out. Thus muche touching drawing out dartes (and other artillerie, or thinges infixed,) by mettalline instrumentes, and ma∣nuall operation. Nowe let vs see what maye be doone by medicines.

To the drawing out therefore of little bones, thornes, heeres, stones, peeces of glasse, &c. these simples are of force and auaileable: to wit, dictamnum, thapsia, sagapenum, ammo∣niacum, radices aristolochiae, ranae com∣bustae, radix arundinis, propolis, viscum, opopo••ax, C••lx viua, faex vini vsta, le∣pidium, sinapi, ranunculus, adeps vrsi∣nus, &c. fermentum, &c. Compound medicines you may thus prepare, to wit, a plaster ex radice arundinis & melle. c or this: Recipe lapid. magnetis ℥.j. rad. aristolochiae v••riusque ana, ʒ.j. polypodij, visci ana, ʒ.j. sterc. anseris, ℥.j.ss. amoni aci, galbani in vino dissolut. ana, ℥.ss. propoleos ℥.ij. ol. lilior••••.℥.iij.

mellis ℥.j. fiat Emplastrum. A liniment for that purpose you may make ex puluere magnetis mixt with some mun∣difying matter, and therewith arme the tent and apply it, in such sort not∣withstanding, as that the tente may not reach to, to touch the yron.

When you haue thus farre proui∣ded, that nothing vnnaturall be left remayning in the wounde, then fol∣loweth your next care, to cure and ioyne againe the partes that were so seuered•• If therefore the solution be small, it is to be restored by the win∣ding manner of rowling, for so out of doubt, the wounde shall ioyne and heale, without the vse of anye o∣ther outwarde cure: specially if it be a simple wounde, and encombred with no other affect or symptome. But if the solution be great, it must be helped, by artificiall closing to∣geather the gaping sides and borders of the wound, to wit, either by seame ••aches, verucles, or stitching clothes. The seame is made with a strong••, equall and smooth threede, as a sil∣ken threede, at the least in common woundes, taking the first stitche in

the middest of the diuision, the next betweene that and the one end of the wounde, and so foorth proceeding, that ther may be conuenient distance betweene euery two stitches, till the ••ides of the wound be committed to∣gither. So that neither must the stit∣ches be set too thicke nor thinne For if they stande too thinne, they cannot holde: if too thicke, they make too m••ch paine. Because that, the ofter the flesh is pearsed of the needle, and the moe places the threede twitcheth, by so much the greater inflamations do rise. So also let your seame ioyne togither the borders of the wounde, that yet the sides meete not close to∣gither, to the ende there may be way and space to purge out, what matte•• gathereth togither within the wound. They are wont therefore to leaue the bredth of a finger commonly betwen euerie stitch. Moreouer, see that your needle be long, smooth, and three∣square pointed, with a guttered eye, that the threede, close couching ther∣in, may giue no occasion of stickinge in the passing through of the needle. Besides, you must haue a stitchinge

quill, whereupon the lippe of the wound may leane, and stay it self ste∣dily without slipping hither & thither whilest the needle is pearsing it tho∣rough, and so, that through the little window or loope hole of it, you may spye when the needle hath pearsed through, that then you may drawe it on ende, with the threede. All the while that the threede is drawinge through, vnderprop the lippe of the wound, with your probe, that it tugg not outward in following the same. Let it be tyed first with ij. inuolutiōs or bowtes, the second time with one only, & so cut of the threed, somwhat distant from the knott. Thus when the partes are drawen togither by stitching, vse glutinatiue medicines, which may both consume and dry vp, the corruption of humors gathered, as also prohibite lest any more come thither. The second way of ioyninge is by claspes, and these must you make greater or lesser, according to the qualitie of the wounded part. But let them be from eche side crooking backe, fastening one hooke in the one lippe of the wound, and drawing

it towardes the other lippe, fastening therein the other hooke, as they vse to doe, that dresse clothes vppon the Tenters. These claspes whereby wee drawe togither the borders of ga∣ping woundes, require no force or strayning, but onely are so farre pro∣fitable, as the skinne seemeth wil∣linge, of it owne accorde, to fol∣lowe that which leadeth or draw∣eth it.

The thirde waie, to restore the se∣uered sydes, is by verucles, euen made, of stupes strongly writhen, and slen∣der like a writing quill or reede, and the length almoste of the middle finger. But if wee couet to haue the stitching holde a long time, take a writinge quill, in steede of the stupes, and doe as followeth. Drawe a stitche through both sydes of the wounde, and returne your needle through agayne by the same waye it came, so that you leaue youre threede in a loope, on that syde, whence the needle returned, in which loope, put one of the quilles, then take both the endes of your threede, to wit, both the beginning,

and that that came backe againe, and straine or vrge them so, as the sydes of the wounde maye drawe togither∣warde, and putting between them the other quill, tye them on a knott, and cut away the remnant of threede, so leaue it to the perfect healinge of the wounde. The fourth stitchinge, is perfourmed by clothes, applyed on both sydes the wound, in fourme tri∣angled, and of such greatnesse, as see∣meth best agreable to the member that is hurt. Which kinde of stitche is most agreeable to such places, as we couet to heale, most without ble∣mish or skarre as in the face. Those clothes must bee fastened on with some viscous or harde clea••ing lini∣ment, compounded of sanguis draco∣nis, thus, mastiches, pix. and pollen, that is, farina volatilis. all which must bee encorporated with albumen oui, and so made one. And then spread vpon one side of your clothes, which clothes then must you laye on eche syde the wound, a thumb bredth distant from the same. Thus when that oyntment drying, the clothes become fastened in their place, make in them your

stitching, ingeniously to the purpose. by which meanes, the lippes of the wounde shall goe togither and glewe againe.

Now when you haue wrought for the drawing togither of the wounde, you must after also carefully see to it, to preserue so, and keepe togither the partes that you haue ioyned: which is also done commonly by the conti∣nuance of the same meanes. That is to wit, decent bynding, apt placinge of the member, and stitching, if it shalbe thought necessarie.

The thirde scope, nowe is, to pre∣serue the substance of the wounded part and prohibite, lest it come to be troubled with paine, inflamation, or other vntowarde accident. Inflama∣tion is restrained by taking away the cause of his fluxion. And humors flowe to a place, either in that they are sent, or in that they are drawen. They are drawen first through paine, and then through heate of the member. But when they are sent, it is, as it were into a weake parte, as when the whole bodie is abundant with good or euill iuyce. Therefore to hinder

and take away the cause of the fluxi∣on. three thinges are to bee attended vnto: the first is paine, which must be e mitigated & the heate quenched, ei∣ther with some plaster ex radice solani triti & axungia porci, or, ex folijs mal∣uae coctis, tritis, & furfure & rosaceo: else, ex medulla panis triticei, in aqua feruenti macerata: or, with oleum rosac. &c. or, oui albumen, cum vino stiptico. The second is a full good liking and high state of bodie, which must bee diminished partly by dyet, partly by bloudletting: which first must be do•• farre of, & then euen in the wounded part itselfe: at such a quantitie, as is conuenient and meete, both in re∣gard of the store, that is in the bodie, and of the measure that came out of the wounde, as also of the time, age, nature, and custome of the bodie. The dyet must tend to cooling. Vse there∣fore light frication of the contrarie parts, much rest. for meat, the flesh of partriche, chickens, hennes, & little birdes, barley, ptisan. For pothe••••es, lettuse, purcelane, borrage, &c. For drink, either fwater boylde, or wine delayed•• Beware of mouing, venerie,

and affections of the mind. Eschew al hard flesh, cheese, garlike, mustarde-seede &c. great fishes, wine, &c. in summe, appoint a sparing diet altogi∣ther, especially at supper. Kepe the diet thus skant & straited for the first 7. dayes. Then after, when you see the patient free from inflamation & ab∣scesse, let loose also to a fuller dyet. The third thing to looke to, is, a state of bodie pestered with euill iuyce, which, if it be yellowe choller, purge with cas••ia, manna, rhabarb, tamarindis, &c. If it be flegme, with agaric. sem. carthami, diaphaenicon &c. If it be me∣lancholie, diasenna, diaprunes lenitiue, sena, polypodium, &c. g

Hitherto of the three first intenti∣ons common to the cure of woundes: to wit, of remouing thinges superflu∣ous, and of a disagreeable nature. Secondly, of ioyning the wounde a∣gaine: thirdly, of keeping the good estate of the parte. Nowe to the fourth and laste intention, which is to correct such accidentes as hap∣pen to the wounded patient, which are commonlye, fluxe of bloude, payne, inflammation, hote or colde

distemperature, conuulsiō, sounding, rauing, palsey, or resolution. For mo¦derate fluxe of bloud, hauing appoin∣ted a dyet to coole and thicken, as with ryce, lintels, astringent, ta••t and sowre frutes, &c. The vse of water, &c. Applye to the opposite or con∣trarie partes, ligatures, frictions, and cupping glasses. Or let bloud, ope∣ning the vaine a little, and emptying the bloud by repetition. You may al∣so stoppe the veine with your finger, or vse the common seame of the skin∣ners, or binde, or cauterize the veine, &c. inwardly it shalbe good to giue this potion. Rec. lapidis haematitis, co∣ralli, rub. ana, ʒ.ss. trochisc. de terra si∣gillata, trochisc. de spodio, vel de suc••in•• ana, ℈.j. aquarum fortulacae, plantag. ana, ℥.iij. Make thereof a potion, and vse it at twise. Or this: Rec. lapidis haematitis, ʒ.j boli armeni, ʒ.ss. sang. draconi••, ʒ.ss. sacchari ros. veteris, ℥.ss. aquae plantag.℥ij. Make a potiō. Out∣wardly applye a liniment ex aceto, & oui candido, &c. Or this: Rec. thuris, aloes, ana, partes aequales, mixe them, cum albumine oui & pilis leporinis. An∣other: Rec. boli armeni, ℥.vi. terrae si∣gillatae,

℥.ij. farinae volat.℥.iij. Gypsi, cal∣cis viuae, ana.℥.iiij. thuris, aloes, ana, ℥.j. mixe them cur•• albumine oui,h.

Simples, mitigating paine, are,i o∣leum rosac. ol. commune, ol. papaueris: medulla panis triticeae, in aqua feruenti macerata, oui albumen, aesypus, lac mulie∣bre. lac vaccinum, &c. Compoundes consist ex radice solani trita, & axungia porci, or, ex folijs maluae coctis cum fur∣fure & rosacco, or, oui candido & vi∣no stiptico &c. Of the inflamation wee haue entreated afore. The di∣stemperature is to bee regarded, as it is, either hote or colde: if it be hote: consider whether the same be gene∣rall in the whole bodie, or onely in the part affected. If it be a distempe∣rature of the whole, as a feuer: it must be cured so as a feuer. If onely in the part (which will appeare by the red∣nesse) then it must bee abated with cooling things, as roses, planten, vn∣guentum album,k &c. Cold distempe∣rature (which is spied by the sauftnes and swart colour of the part) is cured by heating medicines: as with wine, or vnguentum fuscum, vnguentum ba∣siliconis &c. A conuulsion must bee

dealt with, acording the causes wher∣of it commeth and is effected: as if it be of repletion, and that of flegme, set order that the aire of the place be tending to hote and drye. Let meane sleepe be procured, by night, not by daye. Seeke quietnesse and rest•• for the partes conuulsed are specially to bee holden in rest, & kept from inordinat motions. Vse frication to the verte∣bres of the necke: keepe the belly so∣luble, and a calme mind•• free from the tempests of perturbatiōs. Let his diet be barley creame, rere egges, rosted flesh of capons, chickens, hennes, &c. herbes: sage, maioram, hissop, mother tyme. Fruites: raisons, pine kernels, sweete almondes. His drinke, sweete∣ned water, wherin hath boild a little sage & cinamon: but let him abstaine from wine, specially in the beginning throughout all his dyet, let him bee spare in the quantitie, chiefly the first three dayes, afterwarde, taking some more libertie. If you see the flegma∣tike humor is not altogither seuered from the bloud, & nothing els let, be∣gin first with opening the midle vain, emptying it not much at one time,

but doing it at diuers times. If there be place for purging, you may per∣fourme it with such a pill: Rec. pil. fae∣tidarum, pil. de sagapeno, ana, ℈.j.ss. aga∣ricitrochis••.℈.ss. misce & cum syrupo be∣tonicae fiant pillulae. Apply to the parte conuulsed oleū de casto••••o, laurinū, nar∣dinū, costinū, nucis moscatae, or such o∣ther, or a catapl. ex faenugr. sem. lini, fa∣rina hord. oleo rutaceo &c. If the cōuul∣sion com of repletion of bloud, or in∣flamation, then let bloud the middle veine, not much quantitie at once, but at many times. Then vse sharp clifters, obseruing that there be no necessarie circūstance withstāding ether course. if the inflamation persist, vse medicins such as the inflamatiō requireth, and acording to the diuers times of it, ta∣king your indicatiō from the part af∣fected. If the cause of the conuulsion be emptines, direct his dyet to moist∣nes: as, moyst ayre, sleepe longer then woont, rest of bodie and minde, free frō affections. His meat such as afore∣said, changing his herbs & fruts to le∣tuse, arage, spinage, borage, mal∣lowes, &c. milons, gourdes, damaske prunes, peaches, ripe grapes, &c.

Adde also little stone fishes. His drink thinne watred wine, barley water, or water sodden with liquorise and Ci∣namon. keeping such a moderate compasse, for the quantitie, as is an∣swerable to the bodies strength, age, time, &c. Giue him inwardly con∣serue of violets, borage, or buglosse, diadraganthum frig. &c. outwardlye foment warme with oleum dulce, ol. amygdalarum dulc. or vse hydreleum, or balneum aquae dulcis tepidae, If no∣thing hynder: euer respectinge the greatnesse of the disease, the tempe∣rature, age, region, time of the yere, &c.l

Sownding, if it be of paine, by all meanes endeuor to appease the payn. If it come by vnmeasurable euacua∣tion, sprinkle rose water, or cold wa∣ter in his face: bynde strongly the ex∣treme partes of the bodie, and chafe them with clothes indifferent rough. If of vitious ayre, change the same to a better temperature. If of venomous qualitie, or stroke of a venomous cre∣ture, then with medicins fit for m poi∣son must he be cured.

The seuenth symptome is rauing,

or frantiknes: appoint therefore a dyet meane twixt heate & cold: giue rest, prouoke sleepe, loosnes of bellie, and quietnes of mind, vsing gentle fricati∣ons. His meat let be Barley creame, herbes, lettuse, suckerie, mallowes, & such as coole & moisten. Skalie stone fishes towards the declination, Pome∣granet, tart aples, cheries &c. his drink Barley water, or the decoction of Ci∣namon, with syrupe of violets, roses, or water Lillies. If the bodie abound with bloud, & nothing else hinder, o∣pen a vaine in the cubite. Then alter the humor with conuenient syrupes, as syr. violaceus, rosaceus, ex nymphea. syr. endiuiae, de papauere. And if you see good further to emptie the bodie, do it with manna, cassia, saccharum viola∣ceum: or, syrup. ex pluribus infusionibus vi••larum vel rosarum: else, a clister ex decocto maluarū, violarū, hordei, capi••um papaueris, ac folior••m betae, & pauco sole, adding to ℥.iij. ol. violacei, cas••iae ℥ j. & so make a clister. He may also vse to abate the hote distemperature (if neede be) conserue of roses, violets, or water lillies, loch. de papauere, and such like: applying outwardly, to the head

oxyrhodinū, in Summer, but warme, in winter moderatly hote, or an embro∣cation ex rosis. violis, hyosciamo, lactuca, corticibus papaueris, oleo ros. addito. But towards the latter end, a wetting for the head would be made ex rosaceo, in quo decoctū fuerit thymū, serpyllū, melilot. althea, anethū, flores chamomillae n &c.

For the palsey, the last symptome, be no lesse circumspect both by dyet and medicines. Make the ayre hote & dry, meane sleepe, but no day sleepe. Moderate exercise, which is good, if it may be vsed. Frication with olde oyle, or oyle of rewe, a pleasant mind free from perturbations. His meate ba••ley creame, rere egges, broth of henne, made with a little hyssope, sage, maiorame, betonie, or sauorie. Also rosted chicken, capon, henne, &c. his drink, honyed water, sod with som cinamon or sage els this Ipocras: Rs. cinnamomi, ℥.ij. zinzibris ℥.ss. granorum paradisi, galangae, piperis longi, ana, ʒ.j. cardamomi ʒ.jss. nucis moscatae, caryo∣phyllorum, ana, ʒ.j. macis ʒ.j. boyle these in water to the wastinge of a thirde part, then straine it & make it pleasant with suger. If you finde the

humor through mingled with the bloud, by & by in the beginning opē a vaine, if al circumstāces be therto a∣greable: but do it in the sounder parts & that moderately, that the body be not to much cooled. If the humor be crude & vnfit to purge, first alter, con∣coct, sunder & make thinne the same with this or such a syrup: Rec. syr. de staechade, syr. de hyssopo an.℥.ss. mellis ro∣sac. aquarū maioranae, betonicae, rorismari∣ni, an.℥.j. misceantur, make threof a sy∣rup for one time, doing the like after for many dayes. When the humor is redie for purging: Rec. assae faetid••, ca∣storei, ligni aloes, an.p. aeq. agregentur cū syr. de staechade, make therof pilles, one of euery drachm, & giue iij. of thē e∣uery morning, 8. days togither, with a draught of rosemary water•• and three graines of pepper. Another pill: R••. pil. cochiarū, alephāginae, hierae cōmpositae, ana.℈.j. agarici trochisca••i ℈.j. misceātur & cū syr. de staechade fiant pil. Or this sollu∣ble decoction: Rec. saluiae, roris. anthos, hyssopi, menthae ana, m••j. rad. faenic. apij, a∣cori, f••axini an.℥ij. florū rosarū, viol. ne∣nupharis, sem. en••iuiae, ana, ʒ.ij. poly∣podij ℥.ss. senae ʒ.ij. agarici ʒ.ij.

fiat decoct. ad li. ij. coletur, in colatura dis∣solue ••yr. de radicibus, oxymellis diuretici, ana, ℥ss. a clister thus: Rec. maluae, al∣theae, mercurialis, chamomeli, maioran. hys∣sopi, betonicae, an.m.ss. florū rutae, & ste∣chadis, ana, ℥.iij. coq. in aq. vsque ad suf∣ficientiā & fiat decoctū, de quo sumatur, li.j. cui addan••ur otei communis, ℥.••ij. ••ie∣rae pic••ae vel benedictae laxat.℥.ss. sal. pa∣rum, & so make your clister. To the outward parts, attainted with the pal∣sey (hauing thus well prouided for within) prepare this balme to be ap∣plyed: Rec. mirrhae, aloes, spicae nardi, sag. draconis, thuris, mumiae, opohalsami, ••ar∣pobalsami, bdellij, ammoniaci, sarcocollae, croci, masticis, gummi arab. styracis liqui∣dae ana, ʒ.ij. ladani suc. castor••i an.ʒ.ij ss. mosci, ʒss. terebynthinae ad pondus o∣uium: stil thē in a glasse vessel, & ther∣with annoint the chine of the backe.

Supply or addition to the accidents of wounds.

COstiuenes, & suppression of vrine, come oft by flux of bloud, much weakning nature. In loosing the bodi obserue, to attēd naturs leisure, for iij. or iiij dayes: without he feele in the meane time, a certaine straitnesse in

his brest: and then rather by lenitiue medicines, or suppositorie, to induce nature, then by any sorte to enforce her. For the vrine, this is Paracelsus counsail: puluis glandiū giuen in drink or, Rec. croci. q.s. make a bagg therof, and apply it to the priuie partes. Vo∣mitting sometime taketh the woun∣ded pacient: for that (if in time it cease not) Rec. fermenti, m.j. succi me••••hae cū aceto extracti. q.s. coquantur in formā ca∣tapl. lay it warm to the stomach. Whē it is colde, heat it againe, in the same iuyce. Thus as oft as he eateth, and for iij. hours after. For the wound more∣ouer obserue: if the patient feele heat & cold, by fittes, or only heat in the wound, by fitts, or sleepines, & astoni∣shing in the place, apply this plaster: Rec. calaminaris, litharg. mirij, ana, li.ss. thutiae, ℥.ij. cerae, ol. mirt. ana, ℥ix. boyle them to the forme of a cerote. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 camphorae anoynted in the wound•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 speedie remedie. Giue the patient in∣ward, Mithridate. To make ol. cāphorae, Ouum ad duriciem percoque, exempto vi∣tello, caphuram non adulteratam include, & in cella vinaria filo suspende, vt oleum in vas subiectum defluat.

When the wounde swelleth with heat, so as the tumor will pitte at the pressing of the finger. Rec. nasturtij a∣quat. nenupharis, ana, q.s. coq. in aceto ro∣saceo, & apply it warme: or, Rec. argillae de furnis adustae, q.s. in aceto coque, & ap¦ply it on the place. If you espie the clere & viscous liquor of the nerues (called synonia, gluten album, or Glare∣alis aqua) flow forth by the wounde, beware lest in any wise it continue: wherfore (to temper the heat) imme∣diatly, wash the wound cum aceto rosa∣ceo warme, & dresse it vp, with the first vulnerarie oyle in the annotations of a simple wound, & with emplastrū stic∣ticum. This plaster likewise of Vigoes, I know (in this case) to be excellent: Rec. olei rosarū, violarū, chamomillae, ana, ℥j. sepi vituli, ℥.iij. axungiae porcinae, ℥.j. pinguedinis ga••inae, medullae crurium vi∣tuli, ana.℥ss. lumbricorum lotorum in vi∣•••••••• j. bu••yri rec.ʒ.vi. mucilaginis al∣th••ae li.ss. coquan••ur lento igne ad muci∣laginis consumptionem: colaturae, adde li∣thargyrij auri & argenti, ana, ʒ.x. minij ʒ.iij. cum cera sufficienti fiat cerotū: ad∣dendo in fine cocturae resinae abietis, ʒ.x. masticis ℥.ss. & denuò buliant vni••a eb∣ullitione.

These preuail (likewise) in the case of bluddie matter, & against the growing of proud flesh: especialy (for these last) emplast. sticticū, which is set down in the 6. Ch. By the negligence or vnskilfulnes of the Chirurgion (ap¦plying such medicines as putrifie to∣gither with the wounde) may growe wormes. Againe, whether the wound heale or no, if it yeld a stinking sauor it betokeneth a hote nature, & faul∣tinesse in the medicine. Also if the wound to much linger, or be hindred in healing, there falleth fluxe of hu∣mors, & holing inward. And putrefa∣ction is when as the wounde putrefy∣ing, turneth back from healing. For these foure: Rec. mellis li.ss. alo••patici, ℥j. succi chelidoniae, ℥.vj. salis cōmunis, ℥.ss. all these beeing mixed, wash the wound therwith warme: or, R••c, con∣solidae aureae, consolidae Rubeae, ana, m.j. mellis cocti despumati, li.ij. salis gēme ℥.ij vini, li.j.ss. simul in loturam coquan••••r: therewith wash the place. Against the accidentes, called ignis Persicus, and Cancer, Recipe vi••rioli, ℥j. ambo∣rum gummi minorum, ana, ℥.ij. ochrae, ℥.ss. vini & aceti, ana, li. j. boyle them,

and apply it warme. Or, R••cipe lithar∣gyrij, ••i.j. aluminis li.ss. salis, ℥.ij. thuris, ℥.ii••j. gummi Romani ℥.v. vini, aquae, & aceti, ana, li.j. coquantur ad quar∣tam horae partem, and applye it warme.

By these two, (in the case of woundes) Paracelsus hath this mea∣ning: when a wounde towardes the latter ende, swelleth with heate, loo∣keth blewish, or swarte, and after∣warde blacke, and last of al, the mem∣ber enflameth, this hee calleth Ignis Persicus. Cancer, is when woundes conceiue heate, and therewith flu••e of humors, which make frettings & vlcerations about them. Moreo∣uer at the shutting vp of a wounde, if it bee done too soudainly, without firme foundation, so as it afterwardes putrifie and breake foorth againe, This he calleth the Pu••iulous fistul••: & for remedie appointeth this: Recipe liquoris carabis, Aspal••i, armoniaci, ana, ℥.ss. ceroti de mummia, ℥.iij. misce simul in emplastrum, and vse it. One of his speciall cerates of mumia is this: Rec. Olei communis, cerae virgineae, lithargyrij auri pulv. ana, li.j. coquantur simul in ce∣ratum, cui deinceps adde opoponacis cum

aceto praeparati, ℥.iij. mumiae, ℥iij. ari∣stolochiae, masticis, thuris, myrrhae, ana, ℥.ss. terebinthinae, ℥.iij. olei laurini, ℥.ij. Camphorae, ʒ.ij. After, woorke it vp•• cum oleo Chamomillae. Hee handleth besydes these, other accidents, but I cannot communicate them to the Reader, for the difficultie of the me∣dicines.

ANNOTATIONS.

^a Of these, some are necessarily mor∣tall: as woundes in the heart, midr••ife, stomache, guttes, and bladder: Some, but for the moste parte, as those of the braine: (••f wee credit Arcaeus, lib. de vul. and Coiter in his obseruations.) The rest, as in the Lungs, Liuer, Splene, and We∣sande, moste often healed, if they bee ar∣tificially dealt withall, as witnesse ma∣nie mens obseruations, togither with our experience. Verie daungerous also, are ouerthwhart woundes in the Mus∣cles, and such as are inflicted, when the member is extended.

Paracelsus obserueth a matter more secrete, where he sayeth: When Choler ••ath betaken it selfe to the arteries, ca••∣sing

the partes to tremble, and moue vn∣orderly: if at the same time, those partes be hurte, death ensueth, which I vnder∣stande to bee, by reason of the extreame ebullition, and pro••use expence of the spirites, which by no meanes, can at that time bee restrained: for therefore he saith afterwarde, that in the same daunger is euerie wounde, made in anie ebullition. That then wee neede not marueile, though of a small wounde the partie sometimes dye, without any manifest cause. And the vncertaine successe of woundes, both by reason hereof: as also of sexe, tempe∣rature and lurking accidents, causeth the same author otherwhere esteeme it f••te••, to reckon all woundes (that is to saye, of all partes) in the Catalogue of deadly, rather then account any of them safe, and voide of danger.

^b It is possible sometime, to abridge this terme, euen to three dayes, or lesse.

^c or, cum farina lolij, radice arun∣dinis, & melle..

^d Hookes to tacke the sides togither: but what vnprofitable businesse, of stit∣ching and hooking, is here taught from antiquitie, manie can testifie at this daye:

who hauing long agoe reiec••ed such dis∣agreable courses, & conten••ed themselues ordinarily with fit medici••es, and seeme∣ly rowling, seeldome or neuer found cause to thinke vppon these neanes, all thinges succeedinge much better, without them: and certainly, Paracelsus doeth in som•• part worthely condemne them. As for hookes and verrucles, they are worne ou•• of vse with the multitude: that it gree∣ueth mee, to see men, in writinge their bookes, to regarde rather, what is writ∣ten, then what is meete to bee written. Neither woulde I here bee vnderstoode, vtterly to gaine saye all vse, and kindes of stitching: but onely the hookes and ver∣rucles simply: the plaine sticthe, but for the moste parte: ••or there bee rare ca∣ses (as to staye in the guttes, holde on a ioynt, &c.) Wherein, when the Artist cannot auoyde it, this maye bee vsed: according to the olde Maxime: In a hard case, a harde remedie is better then none. As for that kinde of stitch, cal∣led The dry stitch, I haue in no wise, said against it.

^e In this place, handling that scope of the cure, that respecteth the part affected, the Author was onely•• to haue deli∣uered

all the meanes, both by dyet and medicines, that were to preserue the bodi•• and partes in a prosperous state of hea∣ling, and after that, to haue looked vnto such a condition, a•• is nowe combred with accidents, (which is his fourth intention) ••hat the reader may see, here is no plac•• for medicines against paine, (which is not yet supposed to be) and that besides this inuerting of his owne order, there is also omitted that should iustly haue occu∣pied the rowme therof: to wit, the local me∣dicines for the cure of the wound: which ••e hath verie ill deferred to the Chapter ••f a simple wounde that the reader should not be perplexed, I am driuen thus to note the author, whome otherwise I could glad∣ly haue spared, as in manie other places of ••is order.

^fSmall beere or ale, with vs, which al∣so (if time and place do serue) may be ton∣••ed vp with vulnerarie herbes, as sani∣••ula•• ophioglossum, Alchimilla, con∣solida, agrimonia, betonica, vinca peruinca, aristolochia. &c.

^g To these meanes, of keeping the bo∣die in a good disposition of healing, must bee ioyned (as I touched afore) the ad∣••ised vse of locall medicines: bee they

balmes, plasters, powders, vnguenies, or what fourmes soeuer. Which, because the aucthor hath here omitted, I must request the Reader, to turne to the Chapter of a simple wounde, where all these thinges are largely deliuered.

^h Among the medicines to staunche bloud, may be numbred, crocus martis, crocus veneris, cinis ranarum, and a ••oade artificially dried, lapt in a clothe, and layde neere the wounde. Also the bloud stone holden in the patientes hande, or hung about his necke.

ⁱ First of all, wisely consider, what is the occasion of the paine: for if there be n•• distemperature first, suspect some errour to bee, either in your medicenes or byn∣ding.

^k This is most excellent of Paracel∣sus: Rec. rad. hyosciami, q.s. dige∣rantur in aceto rosaceo as solem, fiat Epithema: In this wet clothes, and ap∣plye warme to the payned place. Lolium and Papauer may be vsed in steede ther∣of. And this wonderfully swageth paine.

^l Conuulsion hapneth to woundes no•• done by venimous creatures, two manner of wayes: one is, by pricking or halfe cut∣ting of some synewe, and then it followeth

immediatelie, the other is brought in by payne and inflammation, his forerun∣ners, and this after a longer time. The first I will touch no further in this place, because I am drawne to it againe, by Wecker, in the Chapter of woundes in the sinewes. The seconde sorte must bee taken awaye, by remoouing the causes: and that, beginning with the first, and proceeding in order, to the last, euen as one euill heere brought foorth another: to wit, offence of the nerue paine, payne inflammation, inflammation putrefacti∣on, putrefaction maligne vapours, which proceeding from parte to parte, by the continuitie of nerues, are at last commu∣nicated to the braine it selfe, whence pro∣ceedeth conuulsion. Nowe the offence of the nerue, which causeth this kinde of con∣uulsion, I vnderstande to be, some colde aire, or vnmeet•• medicine applyed: the medicine being eyther of venimous qua∣litie, or else of vniust temperature. Of venimous or maligne qualitie, are most sortes of corrosiues. Vniustly tempered are, all barbours digestiues, most distilled balmes simply, and at first applyed, and o∣ther too hote, opening and relaxing, to∣gither with such mundifying and attra∣ctiue

medicines, as want aequiualent mix∣ture of drinesse and astringe••cie. Hauing therefore taken awa••e, that which offen∣ded both in your ayre and medicines, and prouided by better ones, that nature in the wounde may finde rest and friendly nou∣rishment, you shall afterwarde, with no great difficultie, by the mean••s heere se•• downe, take away both inflammation and conuulsion. Any other way you loose your labour.

^m For this matter, reade more in the fourth Chapter following.

ⁿAlwayes be it obserued (as I haue no∣ted afore) that, if this accident be caused of paine, and distemperature in the wound, you first, by all meanes, practise to remoue the same. And therefore to preuent all such euils, once for all, I will admonish, that for the first seuen dayes, you be verie circumspect, and (as it were) iealous o∣uer the wounde, for paine: and for tha•• ••ause, sundrie times (if neede be) vn∣couer the member, and foment, the circum∣stant partes of the wounde cum aceto & oleo rosaceo, or (if more neede) cum aceto ex rad. hyosciami, noted afore.

Notes

• Def.
• Causes
• signes.
• Prog.
• a

  Of these, some are necessarily mor∣tall: as woundes in the heart, midr••ife, stomache, guttes, and bladder: Some, but for the moste parte, as those of the braine: (••f wee credit Arcaeus, lib. de vul. and Coiter in his obseruations.) The rest, as in the Lungs, Liuer, Splene, and We∣sande, moste often healed, if they bee ar∣tificially dealt withall, as witnesse ma∣nie mens obseruations, togither with our experience. Verie daungerous also, are ouerthwhart woundes in the Mus∣cles, and such as are inflicted, when the member is extended.

  Paracelsus obserueth a matter more secrete, where he sayeth: When Choler ••ath betaken it selfe to the arteries, ca••∣sing the partes to tremble, and moue vn∣orderly: if at the same time, those partes be hurte, death ensueth, which I vnder∣stande to bee, by reason of the extreame ebullition, and pro••use expence of the spirites, which by no meanes, can at that time bee restrained: for therefore he saith afterwarde, that in the same daunger is euerie wounde, made in anie ebullition. That then wee neede not marueile, though of a small wounde the partie sometimes dye, without any manifest cause. And the vncertaine successe of woundes, both by reason hereof: as also of sexe, tempe∣rature and lurking accidents, causeth the same author otherwhere esteeme it f••te••, to reckon all woundes (that is to saye, of all partes) in the Catalogue of deadly, rather then account any of them safe, and voide of danger.
• Chir. m••. li. i. c. xvi.
• Chir. mag. ••r. i. c. v.
• Cure.
• First inten¦tion of the cure.
• c

  or, cum farina lolij, radice arun∣dinis, & melle..
• Second ••ntention in the cure
• ••eame, or ••laine ••••itch.
• Claspes, or tack∣••ookes.
• Verncle, or the quil•• stitch.
• The drie stitch.
• The 3. in∣tention in the cure.
• e

  In this place, handling that scope of the cure, that respecteth the part affected, the Author was onely•• to haue deli∣uered all the meanes, both by dyet and medicines, that were to preserue the bodi•• and partes in a prosperous state of hea∣ling, and after that, to haue looked vnto such a condition, a•• is nowe combred with accidents, (which is his fourth intention) ••hat the reader may see, here is no plac•• for medicines against paine, (which is not yet supposed to be) and that besides this inuerting of his owne order, there is also omitted that should iustly haue occu∣pied the rowme therof: to wit, the local me∣dicines for the cure of the wound: which ••e hath verie ill deferred to the Chapter ••f a simple wounde that the reader should not be perplexed, I am driuen thus to note the author, whome otherwise I could glad∣ly haue spared, as in manie other places of ••is order.
• f

  Small beere or ale, with vs, which al∣so (if time and place do serue) may be ton∣••ed vp with vulnerarie herbes, as sani∣••ula•• ophioglossum, Alchimilla, con∣solida, agrimonia, betonica, vinca peruinca, aristolochia. &c.
• g

  To these meanes, of keeping the bo∣die in a good disposition of healing, must bee ioyned (as I touched afore) the ad∣••ised vse of locall medicines: bee they balmes, plasters, powders, vnguenies, or what fourmes soeuer. Which, because the aucthor hath here omitted, I must request the Reader, to turne to the Chapter of a simple wounde, where all these thinges are largely deliuered.
• For the ac∣cidents, the 4. in∣tention.
• Fluxe of bloud.
• h

  Among the medicines to staunche bloud, may be numbred, crocus martis, crocus veneris, cinis ranarum, and a ••oade artificially dried, lapt in a clothe, and layde neere the wounde. Also the bloud stone holden in the patientes hande, or hung about his necke.
• Paine.
• i

  First of all, wisely consider, what is the occasion of the paine: for if there be n•• distemperature first, suspect some errour to bee, either in your medicenes or byn∣ding.
• Hote in∣tempera∣ture.
• k

  This is most excellent of Paracel∣sus: Rec. rad. hyosciami, q.s. dige∣rantur in aceto rosaceo as solem, fiat Epithema: In this wet clothes, and ap∣plye warme to the payned place. Lolium and Papauer may be vsed in steede ther∣of. And this wonderfully swageth paine.
• Colde in•• tempera∣ture.
• Conuulsi∣on.
• VVater and oyle.
• l

  Conuulsion hapneth to woundes no•• done by venimous creatures, two manner of wayes: one is, by pricking or halfe cut∣ting of some synewe, and then it followeth immediatelie, the other is brought in by payne and inflammation, his forerun∣ners, and this after a longer time. The first I will touch no further in this place, because I am drawne to it againe, by Wecker, in the Chapter of woundes in the sinewes. The seconde sorte must bee taken awaye, by remoouing the causes: and that, beginning with the first, and proceeding in order, to the last, euen as one euill heere brought foorth another: to wit, offence of the nerue paine, payne inflammation, inflammation putrefacti∣on, putrefaction maligne vapours, which proceeding from parte to parte, by the continuitie of nerues, are at last commu∣nicated to the braine it selfe, whence pro∣ceedeth conuulsion. Nowe the offence of the nerue, which causeth this kinde of con∣uulsion, I vnderstande to be, some colde aire, or vnmeet•• medicine applyed: the medicine being eyther of venimous qua∣litie, or else of vniust temperature. Of venimous or maligne qualitie, are most sortes of corrosiues. Vniustly tempered are, all barbours digestiues, most distilled balmes simply, and at first applyed, and o∣ther too hote, opening and relaxing, to∣gither with such mundifying and attra∣ctiue medicines, as want aequiualent mix∣ture of drinesse and astringe••cie. Hauing therefore taken awa••e, that which offen∣ded both in your ayre and medicines, and prouided by better ones, that nature in the wounde may finde rest and friendly nou∣rishment, you shall afterwarde, with no great difficultie, by the mean••s heere se•• downe, take away both inflammation and conuulsion. Any other way you loose your labour.
• Sounding.
• m

  For this matter, reade more in the fourth Chapter following.
• Rauing.
• n

  Alwayes be it obserued (as I haue no∣ted afore) that, if this accident be caused of paine, and distemperature in the wound, you first, by all meanes, practise to remoue the same. And therefore to preuent all such euils, once for all, I will admonish, that for the first seuen dayes, you be verie circumspect, and (as it were) iealous o∣uer the wounde, for paine: and for tha•• ••ause, sundrie times (if neede be) vn∣couer the member, and foment, the circum∣stant partes of the wounde cum aceto & oleo rosaceo, or (if more neede) cum aceto ex rad. hyosciami, noted afore.
• Palsey.
• Costiue∣••es.
• Stopping of vrine.
• Vomi••.
• Para. ch. mi. li. i.
• Paroxisme.
• Burning heat. Astonyed∣nes.
• Tumor.
• Flux of the sinevves.
• Bloudie matter.
• Proude flesh.
• VVormi∣nes.
• Stinke.
• Holing.
• Putre••a∣ction.
• Ignis P••••••sicus. Cancer.
• ••••••tulous ••ule.
• Chir. m••. li. i. c. xvi.
• Chir. mag. ••r. i. c. v.
• Chir. mag. tr. i. c. xiiii.