The survey of London containing the original, increase, modern estate and government of that city, methodically set down : with a memorial of those famouser acts of charity, which for publick and pious vses have been bestowed by many worshipfull citizens and benefactors : as also all the ancient and modern monuments erected in the churches, not only of those two famous cities, London and Westminster, but (now newly added) four miles compass / begun first by the pains and industry of John Stow, in the year 1598 ; afterwards inlarged by the care and diligence of A.M. in the year 1618 ; and now compleatly finished by the study & labour of A.M., H.D. and others, this present year 1633 ; whereunto, besides many additions (as appears by the contents) are annexed divers alphabetical tables, especially two, the first, an index of things, the second, a concordance of names.

Now, in regard that this Parish of S. Dunstane is the last (in our account) of Tower-street Ward, we are to speake of Gods blessings there to the poore, which I finde to be seven shillings three pence every Sunday through the yeere, given in ready money, beside bread and other gifts, according to the wils and disposi∣tions of Sir Richard Champion, and Ma∣ster Alderman Heardson, with Coales given beside at certaine times. More, I finde, that one man hath given yeerely for ever, an whole Oxe to be distributed by a quarter thereof quarterly, and a pecke of Oate-meale there withall to the poore. But yet so discreetly ordered, that they that have the quarter of Beese and pecke of Oate-meale at one quarter, must stay till other poore bee so served, and that it comes to their turne againe. Other charities there are which came in gifts of ready money, and are accor∣dingly truly distributed.

In the perambulation of this Parish, they goe first so farre North from the Church, as to the house next William Offington, and thence returning, walke down on the North side of Tower-street, so farre as Mincheon-lane, and to the house of Master Dumbelowe, next to Clothworkers Hall, where they returne againe, and so goe on to the signe of the Dolphine in Tower-street, being a Ta∣verne. There they crosse the way, and goe downe the West side onely of Wa∣ter-lane, and then walke along Thames-street, leaving the Custome house, pas∣sing on to Smarts-key; whence returning backe into the Crosse-lane, so farre as Sir Cuthbert Buckles house, now in the custody of Sir Iohn Lemnian, Knight, and Lord Maior of London, they goe home to the place where they began. Here I was favoured by Master Iohn Childerlay, Doctor of Divinity, my wor∣thy good friend, and his diligent Offi∣cers.

Now as concerning the two Church-lanes, they meeting on the South side of this Church and Church-yard, doe joyne in one: and running downe to the Thames-street, the same is called Saint Dunstans Hill: at the lower end where∣of the said Thames-street (toward the West, on both sides almost to Belins-gate but towards the East up to the VVater-gate, by the Bulwarke of the Tower) is all of Tower-street VVard. In this street on the Thames side, are divers large lan∣ding places, called VVharffes, or Keys, for Cranage up of VVares and Mer∣chandise, as also for shipping of Wares from thence to be transported.

These Wharffes and Keys common∣ly beare the names of their owners, and are therefore changeable. I read, in the 26. of Henry the sixth, that in the Parish of Saint Dunstane in the East, a tene∣ment called Passekes Wharffe, and ano∣ther called Horners Key in Thames-street, were granted to William Harindon Es∣quire. I read also, that in the sixth of Richard the second, Iohn Churchman Gro∣cer, for the quiet of Merchants, did new∣ly build a certaine house upon the Key, called Wool-wharffe, in the Tower-street Ward, in the Parish of Alballewes Bar∣king, betwixt the tenement of Paul Sa∣lisbury, on the East part, and the Lane called the Water-gate on the West, to serve for Tronage, or weighing of VVools in the Port of London: Where∣upon, the King granted, that during the life of the said Iohn, the asoresaid Tro∣nage should be held an kept in the said

house, with easements there for the Ballances and Weights, and a counting place for the Customer, Controwlers, Clerkes and other Officers of the said Tronage, together with ingresse and re∣gresse to and from the same, even as was had in other places, where the said Tronage was wont to be kept, and that the King should pay yeerely to the said Iohn (during his life) forty shillings, at the termes of S. Michael and Easter, by even portions by the hands of his Cu∣stomer, without any other payment to the said Iohn, as in the Indenture there∣of more at large appeareth.

Neere unto this Customers Key, to∣wards the East, is the said Water-gate, and West from it, Porters Key: then Galley Key, where the Galleys were u∣sed to unlade, and land their Merchan∣dizes and wares: and that part of Thames street was therefore of some called Gal∣ley row, but more commonly, Petty-Wales.

On the North side, as well as on the South of this Thames-street, are many faire houses, large for stowage, builded for Merchants, towards the East end thereof, namely, over against Galley Key, Wooll Key, and the Custome-house. There have beene of old time some large buil∣dings of stone, the ruines whereof doe yet remaine, but the first builders and owners of them are worne out of memory: wherefore the common peo∣ple affirme Iulius Caesar to be the builder thereof, as also of the Tower it selfe, but thereof I have spoken already. Some are of another opinion, and that a more likely, that this great stone building, was sometime the lodging appointed for the Princes of Wales, when they re∣payred to this City, and that therefore the streete in that part is called Petty Wales, which name remaineth there most commonly untill this day: even as where the Kings of Scotland were used to be lodged betwxit Charing-crosse, and White-hall, it is likewise called Scotland: and where the Earles of Brittain were lodged without Aldersgate, the street is called Brittain street, &c.

The said building might (of old time) pertaine to the Princes of Wales, as is a∣foresaid, but is since turned to other use.

It is before noted of Galley Key, that the Gallies of Italy, and other parts, did there discharge their VVines and Mer∣chandizes brought to this City. It is like therefore that the Merchants and Owners procured the place to build up∣on for their lodgings and store-houses, as the Merchants of Haunce of Almaine were licensed to have an house, called Guilda Teutonicorum, the Guild-Hall of the Germanes.

Also the Merchants of Burdeaux were licensed to build at the Vintry, strongly with stone, as may yet be seene, and see∣meth old, though often repaired: much more cause have these buildings in Petty Wales (though as lately builded, and part••y of the like stone brought from Cane in Normandy) to seeme old, which for many yeeres, to wit, since the Gal∣lies left their course of landing there, hath fallen to ruine, and been letten out for stabling of horses, to Tipplers of Beere, and such like. Amongst others, one Mother Mampudding (as they ter∣med her) for many yeeres kept this house, or a great part thereof, for victu∣alling: and it seemeth, that the builders of the Hall of this house were Ship∣wrights, and not house-Carpenters: for the frame thereof (being but low) is raised of certaine principall posts of maine timber, fixed deep in the ground, without any groundsell, boorded close round about on the inside, having none other wal from the ground to the roofe: those boords not exceeding the length of a Clap-boord, about an inch thicke, every boord ledging over other, as in a Ship or Gally nayled with Ship nayles called rough, and clench, to wit, rough nayles with broad round heads, and elenched on the other side with square plares of Iron. The roofe of this Hall is also wronght of the like boord, and nay∣led with rough and clench, and seemeth as it were a Gally, the Keele turned up∣wards: and I observed, that no worme or rottennesse is seene to have entred in∣to either boord or timber of that Hall, and therefore, in mine opinion, of no great antiquity.

I read in the 44. of Edward the third, that an Hospitall in the Parish of Bar∣king Church, was founded by Robert Denton Chaplen, for the sustentation of

poore Priests, and other both men and women, that were sicke of the Phrenzie, there to remaine till they were perfectly whole, and restored to good memory.

Also I read, that in the sixth of Hen. 5. there was in the Tower ward, a Mes∣suage or great house, called Cobhams Inne: and in the 37. of Henry the sixth, a Messuage in Thames street, pertaining to Richard Longvile, &c. Some of the ruines before spoken of, may seeme to be of the foresaid Hospitall, belonging peradventure to some Prior Alieu, and so suppressed amongst the rest, in the reigne of Edward the third, or Henry the fifth, who suppressed them all.

Thus much for the bounds and Anti∣quity of this Ward, wherein noted, first, the Tower of London, three Pa∣rish Churches, the Custome-house, and two Hals of Companies; to wit, the Cloth-workers, and the Bakers.

This Ward hath an Alderman, his Deputy, Common Counsellors eight, Constables thirteen, Scavengers twelve, VVard-mote men thirteene, and a Bea∣dle: it is taxed to the Fifteene at six and twenty pounds.

Notes

• Passekes VVharffe, and Hor∣ners Key.
• Wool-wharffe by Custo∣mers Key.
• Water-gate by VVool Key.
• Custome house.
• Tronage of Wools.
• Custome house.
• Porters Key or Porters lane.
• Galley Key.
• Petty-Wales.
• Princes of Wales their lodging.
• The Mer∣chants of Italy their lodging by their Gal∣lies.
• No Gal∣lies landed here in memory of men li∣ving.
• A strange kind of building by the Shippe-wrights or Galley-men.
• An Hospi∣tall for lu∣naticke or phrensie people.
• Cobhams Inne.