Annotations upon the five bookes of Moses, the booke of the Psalmes, and the Song of Songs, or, Canticles VVherein the Hebrevv vvords and sentences, are compared with, and explained by the ancient Greeke and Chaldee versions, and other records and monuments of the Hebrewes: but chiefly by conference with the holy Scriptures, Moses his words, lawes and ordinances, the sacrifices, and other legall ceremonies heretofore commanded by God to the Church of Israel, are explained. With an advertisement touching some objections made against the sinceritie of the Hebrew text, and allegation of the Rabbines in these annotations. As also tables directing unto such principall things as are observed in the annotations upon each severall booke. By Henry Ainsworth.

Annotations.

THE seventh moneth] called in 1 King. 8. 2. the moneth Ethanim, of the Hebrewes commonly [unspec 1] Tisri; of us, September. This moneth was the go∣ing out of the yeare, Exod. 23. 16. and the revoluti∣on of the yeare, Exod. 34. 22. for then the old yeare went out, and the new began, as touching the Iubi∣lees, Levit. 25. 9, 10. and other civill affaires: but by reason of Israels comming out of Aegypt in A∣bib, or March, that moneth was made unto them the first of the moneths of the yeare, Exod. 12. 2. So the Ecclesiasticall feasts were reckoned after this or∣der; and that which had beene the first moneth, is here and usually called the seventh. the first day] Hebr. the one day; of which phrase see Gen. 1. 5. blowing of trumpets] of this rite, see Le∣vit. 23. 24. and the Annotations there.

Vers. 2. savour of rest] which the Greeke trans∣lateth, [unspec 2] of sweet smell; the Chaldee, to be accepted with favour before the LORD. See Gen. 8. 21. one bullocke] at every new moone they were to offer two bullockes, one ramme, and seven lambes, Numb. 28. 11. the same were to be offered at this New-moone, and this one bullocke, one ramme, and seven lambes, &c. here mentioned, were added over and beside the Burnt-offering of the moneth, as is after expressed in vers. 6. So this day they sacrificed three bullockes, two rammes, and fourteene lambs for Burnt-offerings, and two goats for Sin, besides the two lambes for the daily oblation. For as the solemnitie was greater, by reason of the blowing of the Trumpets, (which figured the preaching of re∣pentance and beleese in Christ, Esay 58. 1. Mark. 1. 1, 2, 3, 4.) so their service and thankfulnesse unto God was to be testified by the moe sacrifices. And if this new-moone fell to be on the Sabbath, then besides all the former oblations, they offered also the two lambes, which were added for the Sabbath, Numb. 28. 9, 10. The Order of offering is said to be thus; After the daily morning sacrifice was offered, the addition of the Sabbath was first, and after that, the addition of the new-moone; and after it, the ad∣dition of this good day (or seast) Maimony in Tami∣din, chap. 9. sect. 2.

Vers. 6. their manner] Hebr. their judgement, [unspec 6] that is, the law and ordinance prescribed of God. So in vers. 18. 21. 24. &c. Vnder this word manner, or judgement, the Hebrews understand the order al∣so h••••e set downe: for whereas sometimes the Sin∣offering was offered first, before the Burnt-offering, Leo. 5. 7, 8, 10. in the oblations of the feast (they say) it was not so, but they offered according to the order that is written, as it is said, According to their maner. As, first the Bullocks, and after them the Rams, and after them the Lambs, and after them the Goat-buckes, although the Goat-buckes were Sin-offerings, and all those before them were Burnt-offerings. Mai∣mony in Tamidin, chap. 9. sect. 7.

Vers. 7. the tenth day] which was the day of At∣onements, [unspec 7] Lev. 23. 27. called the Fast, Act. 27. 9. The manner of Atonement, and the service on that day, is described at large in Levit. 16. afflict your soules] with fasting and abstinence: see the Annota∣tions on Lev. 16. 29.

Vers. 11. beside the Sin-offering of Atonements] [unspec 11] that Goat-bucke, whose bloud was carried into the Holy place, & the body burned without the camp, Lev. 16. 9. 29. besides it, this sacrifice here cōman∣ded was to be offered, and besides the daily Burnt∣offering. On Atonement day, they offer an addition according to the addition of the beginning of the yeare [which was the first day of the seventh month, fore-mentioned in vers. 1, 2.] a bullock & a ram, and this ram is called the peoples ram; and seven lambes, all of them for Burnt-offerings, and a goat-buck for a Sin∣offering, & that was eaten at evening. Moreover the congregation offered a goat-bucke for a Sin-offering which was burnt, the fellow wherof was sent away for a Scape-goat, (Lev. 16. 9, 10.) Maim. in Tamidin, c. 10. s. 1, 2. This Atonement was a lively figure of our reconciliation unto God, by the death of Christ, (as is shewed on Levit. 16.) the afflicting of their soules figured repentance and humiliation for sins, with our fellowship in the afflictions of Christ, Rom. 6. 3, 4, 6. 1 Pet. 2. 21. The sacrifices added here, signified the faith that Gods people should have in Christ sacrificed, and thankfulnesse unto God therefore, 1 Ioh. 2. 1, 2. Hebr. 10. 10. 19. 22. &c. Rom. 12. 1, 2.

Vers. 12. the fifteenth day] when the feast of Booths, [unspec 12] or of Tabernacles did begin, which lasted sevē daies, Lev. 23. 34, 35, 36, &c. the signification of which feast is shewed in the Annotations on that place.

Vers. 13. thirteene bullockes] Whereas at the o∣ther [unspec 13] feasts forementioned, they offered but two bul∣locks, one ram, and seven lambs in a day; at this, they were to offer thirteene bullocks, two rams, and fourteene lambs; both because the solemnity was greater, and at this time they had gathered in their corne and wine, and had seene the blessing of God in all their increase, and in all the workes of their hands, Deut. 16. 13, 15. therefore the Lord requi∣red moe sacrifices in signe of thankfulnesse. But Ezekiel prophesying of the daies of Christ (under whom we keepe this feast in spirit and truth, Zach. 14. 16.—19.) appointeth like sacrifices as were to be offered at the Passeover; as that the Prince should prepare seven bullocks and seven rammes daily for a Burnt-offering, &c. Ezek. 45. 23, 25.

Vers. 17. twelve bullocks] in every of the seven [unspec 17] daies of this feast, one bullocke is abated, as on the second day twelve, on the third day eleven, vers. 20. on the fourth day ten, vers. 23. and so forward, till on the seventh day they were to offer seven bullocks, vers. 32. (all which, in seven dayes amounted to seventie bullockes) but the rammes and lambes were every day alike. By this diminishing of one bullocke every day, the Holy Ghost might teach

their duty to grow in grace, and increase in sancti∣fication: that their sinnes decreasing, the number of their sacrifices (whereby Atonement was made for their sinnes) should also decrease daily. Or it might signifie a diminishing and wearing away of the legal offerings, to lead them unto the spirituall and reasonable service, by presenting their owne bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, Rom. 12. 1.

Vers. 18. and for the lambes] the Hebrewes say [unspec 18] that the Meat and Drink-offerings of these severall sacrifices were never to be mixed together, but the Meat and Drinke-offerings of the bullockes were by themselves, and the Meat and Drink-offerings of the rams by themselves, and of the lambes by themselves; whether they were the oblations of the congregation, or the oblations of a particular person. Maimony in Tamidin, chap. 10. sect. 15.

Vers. 35. In the eighth day] Chazkuni here ob∣serveth, [unspec 35] that it is not said (as was of the former daies) And in the eighth day; to teach that it was a good day (or feast) by it selfe. a solemne assembly] or, generall assembly: See the notes on Lev. 23. 36.

Vers. 36. one bullocke] though this was the last, [unspec 36] and the great day of the feast, Ioh. 7. 37. yet were the sacrifices fewer than on any other day; as if God would call them from the multitude of outward ob∣lations to his spiritual worship, as is noted on vers. 17. And our Saviour on that day called the people from their many carnall observations (some where∣of are noted on Levit. 23. 40.) unto himselfe to drinke the waters of his Spirit, Ioh. 7. 38, 39.

Vers. 39. beside your vowes, &c.] of the diffe∣rence [unspec 39] betweene Vowes and Voluntary offerings, see the Annotations on Lev. 7. 16. The sacrifices fore-mentioned the congregation of Israel was bound to offer, every thing in his day: but all men as they had either vowed, or voluntarily would, brought their sacrifices at the feasts, (especially Peace-offe∣rings, which the owners did eat before the Lord,) that according to the blessing of God upon them, they, their children and their servants, the Levites, the stranger, the fatherlesse and the widow with them, might eat and drinke, and rejoyce before the Lord, Deut. 16. 10, 11. 14, 15. The truth and com∣plement of all which solemnities are now fulfilled unto us by Christ, who by once offering of him-selfe, hath reconciled us unto God, and wrought our eternall redemption, and hath given us of his Spirit, whereby we know that he abideth in us, and hath placed in us the kingdome of God, which con∣sisteth in righteousnesse and peace, and joy in the holy Ghost: That by him we should offer the sacri∣fice of praise to God continually, that is, the fruit of our lips, confessing to his Name, and should not for∣get to doe good, and to communicate, for with such sacrifices God is well pleased, Coloss. 2. 16, 17. Heb. 9. 12. 26. 28. 1 Ioh. 3. 24. Rom. 14. 17. Heb. 13. 15, 16.