The whole course of chirurgerie wherein is briefly set downe the causes, signes, prognostications & curations of all sorts of tumors, wounds, vlcers, fractures, dislocations & all other diseases, vsually practiced by chirurgions, according to the opinion of all our auncient doctours in chirurgerie. Compiled by Peter Lowe Scotchman, Arellian, Doctor in the Facultie of Chirurgerie in Paris, and chirurgian ordinarie to the most victorious and christian King of Fraunce and Nauarre. Whereunto is annexed the presages of diuine Hippocrates.

The first Chapter, of medimentes in Generall.

IN this Treatise, we will speake of diuers sorts of medicaments comonly vsed by the Chi∣gians the which we shall first shew the de∣finition and diuision of euery on seuerallye both simples and composed, whereof they proceede and take their originall, as of plantes, trees, beastes, earth or sea. Of the partes of plantes, as of the leaues, flowers, bark, roote, seede, gumme, iuice or oyles. Of beasts as of Vipers, Serpents, Cantarides, Froggs, Cats, or of the dissimilare parts of beastes, as the Liuer, Lightes, Hart, or Braines, also of the excrementes, as of the Haire, Hornes, Dung and such like. Of mineralls or earth, as Stones, Mettells, as Orpiment, Sandaracha, Sulphur, Cad∣mia, Litarge, Quick siluer, Argent, Calcites. Of the Sea and waters, as all kinde of Salt, Sponges, Asphaltrum, Ni∣tre, Amber, Bitumen, Pissaphalen, Garinum, Alcionium. The compoundes may bee made of these simples diuers wayes, as oyles, Vnguents, Liniments, Cerates, Cataplas∣mes, Emplasters, distilled water, Fomentatiōs, Vaporatiōs, Suffumigatiōs, Gargarismes, Bathes & such like, but for the better

vnderstanding of this matter, we shall shew the degrees of medicamentes, and next the measure and weight. There are foure degrees of medicines, hot, cold, drie and humide, and haue foure qualities, as heating, cooling, drying, and humecting▪ but not manifestly, and so little, as is scarsely knowne by the sense. The second degree is heating, coo∣ling, drying, humecting manifestly, as is apparent to the iudgement. The thirde degree is heating, cooling, drying and humecting, offending the senses, but not extreamely. The fourth degree is hot, burning, and maketh a scarce and corrupteth the senses, as quicke lyme, all caustickes actuall and potentiall, colde, which mortifieth and obtundeth the senses, as opium and all stupefactiues, or drie, which burne like Canters actuall: humide is not so vehement, as the o∣thers, for humiditie is not vehement, except it bee ioyned with colde, of the which Galen hath made no mention. After this manner the medicamentes were put in degrees, before Galen, as reporteth Dioscorides.

Medicamentes temperate in hotte and colde.

The Medicaments that are temperate in heat and cold, are faba, lens, hordeum, fructus et folia brusci, species ca∣pillorum veneris, axungia, snilla, oleum dulce, cera, sac, vi∣tellus oui, lytargirus, adiantum, cadmia.

Medicaments hotte in the first degree.

Aristolochia rotunda, althaea, amigdalae dulces, 〈◊〉〈◊〉, castaneae, ficus brassica, absinthium, apium, ••uparatorium, buglossa, borago, mercurialis, morsus diaboli, saluia, scolo∣pendria, ebulus, spica ••ardi, aloe, triticum, fennigrecum, s••∣men Lini, mel, butirum, sac charum, serum lactis, melilotu••, vinum nouum.

Medicamentes hotte in the 2. degree.

Guaiacum, Cyperus, Calamus aromaticus, Peonia, Nux Indica, nux muscata, amigdalae amarae, enula campana, branca vrsina, consolida maior, sanicula, dens leonis, eruca, gariophillata lauendula, cardamomum, marrhubium, men∣tha domestica, petroselinum, seabiosa, feniculum, thus, mirrha, mastiche, sarcocolla, bryonia, betonica.

Medicamentes hotte in the 3. degree.

Gentiana, Aristolochia longa, Polipodium, Pyrethrum, raphanus, satyrion, acorus, gingiber, iris, apium risus, arte∣misia, cherefolium, cupressus, helleborus, scrophularia, na∣sturtium, origanum, saluia, ciclamen, dictamus, opopanax, rosmarinus, galbanum, Iuniperus, anisum, hissopus, abrota∣num, salyrium.

Medicamentes hotte in the 4. degree.

Allium, Cepa, Tithimallus, Sinapi, Euphorbium, Piper, oleum petroleum, pyretthrum, Anacardus.

Medicaments colde in the 1. degree.

Castanea, Malua, Granata dulcia, Spina alba, Gramen, hepatica, lilium, conuallum, hordeum, atriplex, pira, poma, viola, ••osa.

Medicamentes colde in the 2. degree.

Pomum persicum, Cucurbita, Cucumer, Asininum, Si∣noglossum, primulaueris, pulmonaria, mala granata fetida, psillium, balaustia, acacia, plantago.

Medicamentes colde in the 3. degree.

Virg•• pastoris, Acetosa, Endiuia siluestris, Tormentilla, portulaca, vermicularis, semper viuum, solanum hortense.

Medicaments colde in the 4. degree.

Papauer, Opium, Cicula, hiosciamus, mandragor••.

Medicamentes moist in the first degree.

Enula campana, Malua, Buglossum, Borago, Spina∣chiae, an••igdales, ininbae, nux indica, semen lini, buti••um, viola, pisa.

Medicamentes humide in the 2. degree.

Lilium Conuallum, Lenticulapalustris, Nimphaea, Lactu∣ca, branca vrsina, cucumera, asininus, portulaca, primulaue∣ris, eruca, dactili, psillium, ammoniacum.

Medicamentes humide in the 3. degree.

Satyrium, Endiuia siluestris, Fragria, Cucurbita, brassica.

Medicamentes humide in the 4. degree.

Argentum viuum.

Medicamentes drie in the 1. degree.

Feniculum, radix Althea, morsus Diaboli, Sambucus, mala granata, Ebulus, castanea, hordeum, fennigrecum, ca∣momilla, mellilotum, crocus, thus, arg••nti spuma, sarco∣colla, faba, fumus ••errae, tormentilla, acetosa.

Medicamentes drye in the 2. degree.

Aristolochia, Guaiacum, Cyperus, Calamus Aro∣maticus, Cynamomum, Anethum, Abrotanum, Ce••e

folium, Consolida maior, Opium, Centaureum, virga pasto∣ris, Cynoglossum, San••oula, dens leonis, Hissopus, Genista, Marrhubium, Petroselinum, Scabiosa, Pimpinella, Carda∣momum, Amigdales amaroe, Millium, Nux Indica, Nux Muscata, Myrrha, Orobus, Mel.

Medicamentes drye in the 3. degree.

Lauendula, Cyclaminus, Alcorus, Raphanus, Piretrum, gentiana, galanga, serpentaria minor, Absynthium, arteme∣sia, Apium Risus, betonica, chelidonium, cicuta, helleborus, scrophularia, ••igus••••um, ••a ••••urtium, origanum, pentaphillon, rosmarinus, Sabima, A••nisium, nigella, Agnus castus, allium.

Medicamentes drie in the 4. degree.

Piper, tithimallus, anacardus, saturea, oleum pethoselum, Sinapi, euphorbium.

Of the Weightes and Measures of Medicamentes.

Lib. a pound, that is to say twelue ounces.

Onc. Signifieth one ounce, which is eight drammes.

Drag. Signifieth a dram which is three scruples.

Scr. Signifieth a scruple, which is twentie graines of wheate.

Denarius and Drachma is all one.

M. Signifieth manipulus, and is as much as one can holde in his hand.

P. Signifieth pugill, which is as much as one can take betwixt the thombe and the two formost fingers.

Ciathus. Signifieth so much as one may easily drinke at one draught.