The consent of time disciphering the errors of the Grecians in their Olympiads, the vncertaine computation of the Romanes in their penteterydes and building of Rome, of the Persians in their accompt of Cyrus, and of the vanities of the Gentiles in fables of antiquities, disagreeing with the Hebrewes, and with the sacred histories in consent of time. VVherein is also set downe the beginning, continuance, succession, and ouerthrowes of kings, kingdomes, states, and gouernments. By Lodovvik Lloid Esquire.

OF THE FIRST WARRES of the kings of Asia and of Syria with the Romanes: of their succession in the warres, and of the continuance of their kingdomes after Alexanders death.

AFter the death of Alexander the great, the world being left without a king, his * 1.1 princes, nobles, and olde souldiers, who did more aduaunce the renowme and fame of the Romanes then the glorie of Macedonia or Asia, after much blood, shedding and great crueltie euery man fought for a kingdome: it came to passe as Daniel the Prophet said, that all the kingdomes of Alexan∣der * 1.2 fell betwene 4. princes, and were deuided into foure king∣domes: which was, Egypt appointed to Ptolomey the sonne of Lagi: Asia, to Antigonus: Persia and the East part to Seleucus Ni∣canor: and Macedonia vnto Antipater, as you heard in the hi∣storie of the kings of Macedonia.

Now I haue in hand to speake of Seleucus the great king af∣ter Alexander for after Antigonus was slaine, and his sonne De∣metrius * 1.3 dead being taken captiue by Seleucus, he entred into A∣sia and cōquered from mount Taurus into Ionia, which before Antigonus had vnder his gouernment, and had subdued all the regions of the greater Asia, and made himselfe mightie and * 1.4 great, which was in the 14. yeere after Alexanders death. The Iewes doe accompt the gouernment of the Grecians in Syria, from the first yeere of Seleucus Nicanors raigne, which in the Machabees is obserued.

This king grew so great, that hauing subdued all Antigonus kingdomes, and hauing giuen Lysimachus the ouerthrow be∣ing of the age of 77. yeeres, he thought no lesse in his minde after such great victories, but to become another Alexander, and to bring all the worlde vnder his gouernment: for hee ouercame the Bactrians, and passed to the Indians, hauing al∣readie vnder his Scepter all Asia, Persia, Syria, Babylon, with di∣uers others. Of this Seleucus Iustine writeth a strange historie, how his mother Laodice being maried to Antiochus, seemed in * 1.5 a dreame to haue layen with Apollo, and to bee by him with childe: and of a ring, which Laodice dreamed to haue of A∣pollo, in the stone of the same ring was an Ancre imprinted, which afterward was the cognizance of all Seleucus posteritie. This ring did Laodice deliuer to her sonne Seleucus, at that * 1.6 time when great Alexander tooke his conquest to Persia, vn∣der whom Seleucus was then a souldier: for hee was but base borne, as in that historie ye may reade further: yet this Se∣leucus after that Alexander died, had growen to be the onely great king of all Alexanders successours, and builded a great citie, and named it Antiochia after his fathers name, which was Antiochus a captaine vnder king Philip Alexanders father.

The elder that Seleucus waxed, the more ambitious hee was: euen so was Lysimachus as olde as hee, the one seuentie * 1.7 and foure, and the other seuentie and seuen, and yet both gi∣uen to seeke more kingdomes: and at last seeking one to con∣quer the other, (as it came to passe after many battels) Lysi∣machus

was ouerthrowen and slaine by Seleucus. Of this great victorie he waxed so proude, that he forgate the fraile∣nesse of fortune, and the inconstancie of time, not thinking that his death should be within seuen moneths after: for Pto∣lomeus sirnamed Cerainon, whose sister Lysimachus had maried, reuenged the death of his brother in lawe. This battell be∣tweene Lysimachus and Seleucus was the last battell of all those that serued Alexander in his conquest: for as Lysimachus ouer∣threw Pyrrhus, so Seleucus ouerthrew Lysimachus, and now Pto∣lomeus * 1.8 ouerthrew Seleucus, and that (as I said before) within seuen moneths after Lysimachus ouerthrow. But Iustine saith Seleucus was slaine by snares and falshood.

By this time died the most part of those that were Alexan∣ders * 1.9 princes, and in his iourneyes with him chiefe captaines, as Perdicca, Craterus, Emmenis, Antigonus, Antipater, Cassander and his two sonnes. Polibius saith, that Ptolomeus the sonne of Lagi, Lysimachus, Seleucus, and Ptolomey Cerainon, died in the hundreth twentie and foure Olympiad, which was after Alex∣anders the great tenne Olympiads, which is fourtie yeeres: for he died in the hundreth and fourteene Olympiad. All writers doe agree of this Olympiad: for the Greekes compted their * 1.10 yeeres from Alexanders death forward: for before Alexanders time the Greekes histories erred much, and specially by their Olympiads which made Chronographers to erre: for al chroni∣cles crie out vpon the Olympiads.

Seleucus after he had gotten so great fame, that all Asia and Syria obeyed him, he beganne to builde townes and cities, as * 1.11 Antioch, Laodicea, Seleucia, Apamia, Edissa, Berouea, and Pellum, and brought the Iewes to inhabite these cities: he gaue them equall lawes and ordinances, together with the Grecians, to liue and to enioy their libertie thereby: and after he raigned one and thirtie yeeres he died.

After him succeeded Antiochus Soter the second king of Sy∣ria: * 1.12 hee raigned 19. yeeres: after whom succeeded Antio∣chus, sirnamed 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. This king played his part, hee was the cause of all the warres betweene the Egyptians and Syrians:

he had great spite vnto Philadelphus the king of Egypt, wasted * 1.13 and spoiled much of his countrey: this king Philadelphus was adicted more to peace then to warre, more giuē to his books then to brawles: he tooke greater care to furnish Egypt with the lawes and ordinances of the Iewes, then to prouide prepa∣rations against Antiochus, and therefore to auoyde warre (whereby he might finish many good things which he tooke * 1.14 in hande, and specially the translation of the Bible from the Hebrew vnto the Greeke tongue by 70. graue, wise, and learned men) for that cause he gaue his daughter Berenices in mariage to Antiochus. This king Antiochus had before maried Laodices, by whom hee had two sonnes: the elder named Seleucus sir∣named * 1.15 Gallinicus, and the yonger Antiochus sirnamed Ierax. The mother of these two was diuorced for a time from king Antiochus.

Now after he had maried Berenices, he liued in quiet and in * 1.16 fauour with his father in lawe Philadelphus as long as he liued: but when Philadelphus died, he called Laodices his first wife a∣gaine, and turned Berenices aside for a time. Laodices being re∣turned vnto her husband, deuised a way to kill Berenices Phi∣ladelphus daughter: but first she imagined to requite her hus∣bands courtesie, for calling her home: and fearing he would do the like againe, she gaue him a cuppe of drinke and dispat∣ched him quite: then shee called both her sonnes, and made them with speede (onely to feede her furie) to put Berenices out of the way. Hence grew the cause of all the warres (as I * 1.17 said) betweene the kings of Egypt and the kings of Syria: and not onely betweene those, but also poore Iudea was so beaten and afflicted betwene these, as they often times made a spoile of Ierusalem, of the temple, and of Gods flocke. Of this Daniel spake, that Berenice the kings daughter of the South should be * 1.18 matched with the king of the North, which was Antiochus 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 king of Syria, which is in the North in respect of Ierusalem, for that the Prophet gaue the situation of that place to be be∣tweene the South and the North.

When Philadelphus died and his sonne Ptolomey Euergetes

succeeded, he thought to reuenge the murthering of his si∣ster, and made a great armie readie to giue battel to Seleucus, and tooke from him the most part of Syria, wasting and spoy∣ling * 1.19 all Asia beside: and hearing of sedition and mutinie in E∣gypt his own kingdom, he returned hauing done great harme to Seleucus, to answere those which rebelled in Egypt. In the meane season Seleucus thoght not only to recouer his losse by Ptol. Euergetes, but also to requite him with the like. After this litle stay, Seleucus came with a nomber of nauies, and thought * 1.20 to haue againe those townes and cities which he lost to Ptolo∣mey: but a sudden tempest ouerwhelmed that enterprise, and left nothing to Seleucus of al his preparation, but nudum corpus & spiritum, himselfe with few others frō shipwracke: he staied by these repulses, and could not reuenge the wrōg he had by Ptolomey, vntil he saw his time conuenient, at which time (as a man borne to be ouerthrowen) he fled from the battell with losse and shame to Antioch, and from thence he sent for ayde to his brother Antiochus to Silicia.

Ptolomey vnderstanding of Antiochus ayd, he presently con∣cluded * 1.21 a peace betweene Seleucus and himselfe for 10. yeeres. Antiochus perceiued how the matter went, and where he came to ayd his brother, he now turneth his force and power against his brother: and hauing many of the Celtes (which were Frēch∣men) his hired souldiers, ouer whom Brennus had the charge, (not Brēnus that sackt Rome, for he was before 108. yeres, but * 1.22 he gaue the ouerthrow to his brother Seleucus,) he was met a∣gaine with Eumenes king of Bythinia, who saw a platforme layd before his face to possesse Asia, if these two brethren might be conquered: and therefore Seleucus being ouerthrowen by his brother Antiochus, Eumenes againe ouerthrew Antiochus, * 1.23 and droue him out of Asia euen to flee to Ptolomey, where he was claptin prison, frō whom he secretly stale away, and fled, but being taken by theeues was slaine. About that very sea∣son, his brother Seleucus by a fall he had frō his horse, lost both his life and kingdom, after he had raigned king of Asia and Sy∣ria 20. yeeres: and so these two brethren by discord lost both

Syria and Asia. After this Seleucus came & succeeded his sonne Seleucus Ceraunos the 5. king of Asia and Syria: he, after he had * 1.24 raigned 3. yeeres, was slaine by one of his owne noblemen na∣med Nicanor. Then followed Antiochus surnamed the great, the 6. king of Syria, who indeed was so great, that he wanne to his kingdome more then any of his predecessors: and hauing * 1.25 long warres in Egypt, with Ptolome Philopater, by him for all his greatnes he had an ouerthrow or two. But this Philopater died, and left behind him a young sonne, whom he committed for the safegard of his kingdome, to the Romanes, commending both his sonne in his minoritie, & his kingdome into the fide∣lity of the Senators: for all kings in their distresse fled vnto the Romanes, as to a sanctuary of refuge.

Now Antiochus the great in his minde contemned the Ro∣manes, * 1.26 & made warres in Egypt vpon this yong king: to whom the Senators sent Embassadors, commanding him to auoyde Egypt, & not to warre vpō the yong king, whom the Senators of Rome tooke to their tuition. Antiochus esteemed not much the threatning of the Senators, but rather despised the messen∣gers, making his armie ready against the Romanes, hauing by this time Hannibal, who by Scipio Affricanus was ouerthrowen at the battel of Zama, which was the last ouerthrow of Hanni∣bal: for the Carthagineans had lost Sicilia, Sardania, & Spaine, and * 1.27 Hanibal was driuen out of Italy to Affrike, and frō Affrike to Asia vnto king Antiochus, where he was with great curtesie receiued.

By this time the Senate had intelligence, that Nabis the ty∣rant * 1.28 had inuaded diuers countreies of Greece, & subdued ma∣nie cities, and therefore they wrote vnto Titus Flaminius, that Greece should be set at libertie from Nabis, as Macedonia was from Philip. The greatnes of the Romanes was such, that they thought to execute all warres by their commandement: yet the name of Hannibal caried great reputation with all men, * 1.29 and specially with the Romanes, who had for 16. yeeres well tried his valure. Antiochus at the first made much account of Hannibal: for had he followed Hannibals aduise in his warres against the Romanes afterward, as he did at the first, Antio∣chus

* 1.30 had done farre better: for Hanibals counsell was, that An∣tiochus should make warre with the Romanes in Italy: for (said he) Italians must ouercome Italy, and Romanes must conquere Rome. Hanibal hated the Romanes, and therefore he studied * 1.31 how to set forward Antiochus, and perswaded Antiochus, (who trusted still in peace) that as the Romanes had gotten the most part of Europe and Affrike, so would they not giue ouer vntill they would get Asia if they might. The authoritie and credit * 1.32 of Hanibal made Antiochus so to yeeld, that Hanibal himself was sent to Syria to leuie a great nomber of ships, & he was made general of Antiochus army by sea, together with one Apollonius. This battel by sea had no good successe: the victory fel to the Romans: Apollonius fled, and (as Plutarch saith) we find that Hani∣bal did nothing worth the memory. After this battel, assoone as Antiochus was ouercome by the Romans, Hanibal fearing he should be deliuered to the Romans, fled to Prusias king of Bythi∣nia, at whose hands he was required againe by Tit. Flaminius.

Now king Antiochus hauing lost 50. thousand footmen and * 1.33 4000. horsmen, was forced to desire peace, which the Senate graunted him, vpon conditions that he should auoid forth of Europe and Asia, and medle no further but within the precinct of Taurus: and also that hee should pay to the Romanes tenne * 1.34 thousand talents, and 30. pledges for the assurance of his pro∣uinces: and lastly that hee should deliuer Hanibal, who had bene the only procurour of the battel. These conditions be∣ing performed by Antiochus, the Senate gaue all those cities of Asia which Antiochus had lost, to Eumenes king Atalus bro∣ther: * 1.35 they gaue also to the Rhodians diuers other cities, for that they had assisted the Romanes against Antiochus.

After this great victorie, Lucius Cornelius Scipio returned to Rome, and with great glory triumphed, and then obtained the like name in Asia as his brother had before in Affrike, which was, to be called Scipio Asiaticus, for that he conquered Antio∣chus * 1.36 the great at Magnesia, & had driuen him out of Asia, euen as his father the elder Scipio was called for subduing of Hani∣bal, and the driuing out of Hanibal of Affrike, Scipio Affricanus.

All this while the Iewes were so much troubled betweene the kings of Egypt and the kings of Syria, that they found that same true: but specially by the king of Syria, and therefore the Iewes rather did ioyne their force to the Egyptians against the kings of Syria: for while Antiochus held warres with the Romanes, Sco∣pas king Ptolomey Epiphanes general was in Coelosyria, possessed Samaria & other cities of Iudea, and molested the Iewes at that * 1.37 time much, vntill Antiochus ouerthrew Scopas at the flood Ior∣dan, destroyed his army, got those cities which Scopas had, and entred into Ierusalē, where he was fully pleased with rewards, and satisfied with money, with whom they had peace: for Iu∣dea (as I said before) had peace and quietnes frō Alexander the great, vntil Antiochus the great, which was 100. yeres and odd.

About this time 3. notable triumphes were at Rome: the one by Scipio forth of Affricke, before whose chariot Asdrubal was * 1.38 led: the other by Metellus foorth of Macedonia, before whose * 1.39 chariot Andriscus was led: this was that false named and coū∣terfaited Philip: the thirde triumph was by Metellus sirnamed Mummius ouer the Corinthians, before whom were caried the brasen ensignes and painted tables and other sumptuous or∣naments of that famous citie.

CHAP. II.

Of that wicked and most blasphemous king Antiochus Epiphanes sonne to Antiochus the great, and the type of Antichrist: of his vsurpation and tyrānie of the kingdom: of his sacking and crueltie in Ierusalem: of his bloody warres, and persecutions of Christians.

DVring the warres of Antiochus the great with the Romans, ciuil warres began in Greece againe betweene the Athenians and the Aetolians. Of these warres reade Polibius and Plutarch in the life of Philopomen. Likewise Mithridates king of Parthia waged battel with the Sinopians. About this time Si∣phax king of Numidia was after sundrie battels by Masinissa * 1.40 ouerthrowen and driuen out of his kingdome. This time Pharnaces the fourth king of Parthia conquered those people called Mardi, astoute nation, as Iustine saith.

In the time of Antiochus the great, there happened in one yeere 57. earthquakes, insomuch that Rhodes and Caria were so shaken thereby, that the huge idole of Phaebus (called Colossus solis) fell.

In these dayes an infant was borne hauing a head like a sow, and many other mōstrous things fel in the time of Antio∣chus as Liui reporteth. Eratosthenes the philosopher florished in this time. The Romans were so strong in these dayes, as Car∣thage, * 1.41 Numidia, and all Affricke were subdued: Greece, Macedo∣nia, Pontus, and all Asia were conquered: all kings of the world almost came then to Rome, to see the maiestie of the Romanes, to behold their triumphes, and to offer themselues in seruice. The end of this great king was to be slaine by rude countrey people, as he would rob the temple of Belus: he that thought to conquere the stoute Romanes, was conquered by silie and simple men of Syria: he that brought all Greece and Asia vnder his becke, had this his death by his rashnesse and folly, and as * 1.42 Melancthon saith of Antiochus, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Of an ill be∣ginning proceedeth an ill ending.

When this Antiochus so was killed, he left behinde him 3. sonnes, and one daughter maried to Ptolomey, of whom Phi∣lometor was borne: his sonnes were named in this sort: Seleu∣cus * 1.43 sirnamed Philopater was the eldest, who raigned 12. yeeres: of whom we reade nothing worth the memory, a man giuen to all vices, to all idlenes, lust, wickednes, and powling of his subiects. This history is onely written in the Macabees, where Simon vttereth what treasure was in the temple, and how He∣liodorus was sent by the king to take them away: but hee was striken of God, and had the repulse with such terrible sightes * 1.44 and strokes, that Heliodorus wished death rather then life, vn∣till the high Priest Onias prayed for him. Of this Seleucus Da∣niel saide, In loco Antiochi stabit vilis questor, &c. for there was nothing left vnspoken by Daniel before hand, which should happen afterward. This Seleucus beganne to raigne after his father in the 125. yeere of the Grecians raigne in Syria, after the building of Rome 566.

After this Seleucus died, Antiochus sirnamed Epiphanes, the second sonne of Antiochus the great, being a pledge then in * 1.45 Rome with Demetrius, hearing that his father was dead, hee se∣cretly fled from Rome, and came with al force vnto Syria, vsur∣ped the kingdome, and draue Seleucus sonne out of his coun∣trey: this began his gouernment in the 130. yeere after Alex∣ander the great his death. Polibius affirmeth this man to bee such, as no wickednes escaped him, craftie and subtile, furious and ful of al mischiefe, and of the best writers named the type of Antichrist. Of the furie of this Antiochus, and of other kings of Syria, Daniel doth fully describe them, and doth fore∣shewe their tyrannie against Iudea. Reade the 11. of Daniel, where he prophecieth against the kings of Syria, together with the Persians, Grecians, Egyptians and Romanes, howe all these should afflict Iudea.

This Antiochus in the beginning of his raigne, beingfully * 1.46 acquainted with the Romanes power, hauing bene so long in Rome a pledge for his father, dissembled with the Senators, and bare himselfe a friend vnto the Romanes for feare more then for loue: after that he had filled Ierusalem with blood, and * 1.47 had killed Onias the high priest, a holy & godly man, he tooke money of Iason which was Onias brother, and made him high priest, who receiued Antiochus with al reuerence & duetie in∣to Ierusalem, who slew the best citizens, spoiled the towne, and robbed the temple: this was his first voyage to Ierusalem: the high priest Iason which Antiochus had made, plaied the tyrants * 1.48 part, slew his owne citizens, and made hauocke in Ierusalem of his owne countreymen, friends and kinsmen: but this king and this priest had the like reward by God appointed, shame and confusion. Read the Machabees, and you shal haue the hi∣storie before you, that Iason, after he had wandered from citie * 1.49 to citie like a vagabond, hated of all people, and beloued of none, being banished from Ierusalem, died most miserablie in Arabia, being accused before the king then named Areta. Some write that he fled from Arabia to Egypt.

But I wil returne to that cruel monster king Antiochus, who

after he had dissembled with the Romans, pretended care and gouernment ouer the yong Philometor king of Egypt, being his sisters sonne: for Cleopatra the daughter of Antiochus the great, was married to Epiphanes, who had giuen her for her * 1.50 dowrie Coelosyria, Samaria, Iudea, and Phenicia, by whom this Philometor was gotten.

This yong king being yet in his minoritie and tender of yeeres, and by his father (when he died) committed to the fi∣delitie of the Senators of Rome, whom he made tutors ouer his sonne Antiochus: Epiphanes clayming some title to ouersee * 1.51 the yong king his nephew, led an armie frō Syria vnto Egypt, vnder pretence of loue & care towards his nephew the yong king: but he more thirsted for the kingdom then he esteemed the king: he laied garisons in Memphis, and filled all the cities of Egypt with souldiers, specially Pelusiū, and other strong ci∣ties. * 1.52 Philometor misdouted these endeuors of Antiochus, and so suspecting his vncle to be one that waied more the kingdom then the king, he fled to his yonger brother to Alexandria, sent to the Romans for aide against Antiochus: who perceiuing that they were put in trust to haue some care of this king by his fa∣thers last wil and testament to them cōmitted, they determi∣ned to send Popilius frō the Senators, to cōmand Antiochus as his father before him was cōmanded to depart out of Egypt, and to suffer king Philometor to enioy his kingdom quietly.

While this Romane ambassador was preparing to come, An∣tiochus hasted his purpose in folowing fast at the heeles of Phi∣lometor, which was the elder brother, & therfore by succession king of Egypt: he shipped in Cyprus, and from thence to Coelo∣syria, thēce to Egypt, and so passing ouer Nilus, to Leusnies a ci∣tie not farre from Alexandria: where the Romane ambassador * 1.53 Popilius met him, and deliuered the minde of the Senators in writing to him: which being read, he paused, and said that he would consider further, and cōsult with his friends to answere the Senators. Popilius hauing a white sticke in his hand, made * 1.54 around circle about king Antiochus saying, Answer the Romans * 1.55 before thou go out of this circle, that I may declare to the Se∣nators thy words.

Antiochus was so amased at the stoute words of Pōpilius, that * 1.56 he was constrained to say, I will doe that which the Senators would haue me to doe. And so he was forced in great furie to depart out of of Egypt, but hee reuenged his wrath vpon the poore Iewes: hee so plagued Iudea with spoile and slaughter, and caused them to forsake their true and ancient religion which they had from Moses: hee burned the bookes of Moses, * 1.57 and of the Prophets: he made the idole of Iupiter Olympus to be set vp and to be worshipped, and commaunded all idola∣trie and wickednes to be had in Ierusalem in reuerence. This proude king entred into the temple of Salomon, after hee had made such a slaughter of yong and olde, of women and chil∣dren, that within three dayes 80. thousand were slaine, and 40. thousand taken prisoners.

Menelaus the traitour, the high priest, a murtherer before * 1.58 of Onias, and now a traitour to his countrey, brought Antio∣chus into the citie, guided him from place to place, that af∣ter hee had taken 800. talents away from the temple, he gate him away to Antiochia, thinking in his pride to make men saile vpon the drie land, and to walke vpon the sea. The filthinesse and abomination of this beast is set foorth in the Macabees in the second booke the fift and sixt chapters, from the begin∣ning vnto the ende.

This was the second comming of Antiochus to Iudea and to Ierusalem, in the eight yeere of his raigne, two yeeres after his first being in Ierusalem: whose comming, and whose do∣ings were by the Prophet Daniel before spoken: for he saide, * 1.59 that this tyrant should continue 3500. dayes in wasting and spoyling of Iudea, in prophaning the temple, in killing and murthering of Gods people. The nomber of these dayes are sixe yeeres and sixe monethes: so long endured this wolfe. * 1.60 After this, Habuit mercedem, God rewarded him: for he died in such torments, that his bowels were eaten with wormes, and himselfe brought in such miserie, that he died according as he liued, after hee had raigned twelue yeeres. During his time, the warres continued in Macedonia betweene Perseus the

last king, and Titus Aemilius the Consull, and at length the conquerour of Perseus. Prusias king of Bythinia came with his sonne Nicomedes to Rome, where he commended his sonne to the Senators. About this time Terentius flourished.

Nowe when Antiochus surnamed Eupator had entred in his * 1.61 fathers seate, in the 150. yeere of the Greekes being in Syria, and in the beginning of the 26. Iubilee, he folowed his fathers steppes, came with an armie to Ierusalem, and besieged the ca∣stle of Sion: but while he laied siege, his generall Lysias tolde him that his kingdome was inuaded by the enemies. Then he concluded peace with Iudea, and returned in all haste into Sy∣ria, * 1.62 brought Menelaus that wicked and cruell high priest with him, who after much mischiefes done, died at Beroea, a towne of Syria. Antiochus had not reigned but one yeere, but Deme∣trius Soter fledde from Rome where he had bene a pledge, du∣ring the whole gouernment of his brother Antiochus Epipha∣nes, which was twelue yeeres, and during some yeeres of his graundfather Antiochus the great: he came to Syria, entred the Citie of Tyrus, where his souldiers apprehended both the king and his generall Lysias, whom Demetrius commaunded * 1.63 to be killed, before hee should see them, though Eupator was his sisters sonne.

This Eupator ended his life, after hee had reigned but two yeeres. In the meane time, Onias the sonne of Onias the high priest, which was also slaine by Menelaus who succeeded him: this Onias being of the Iewes surnamed the iust, lamen∣ting * 1.64 much the miserable estate of Iudea, fled into Egypt to king Pto. Philometor: and hauing licence of the king, he builded a temple in the citie of Heliopolis, to the likenesse of the temple in Ierusalem, according to the saying of Esai, In that day shall the altar of the Lord be in the middest of the land of Egypt: and the Lord shalbe knowen of the Egyptians, and the Egyptians shall knowe the Lord. In that day Assur shall come to Egypt, and Egypt into Assur.

This Demetrius sent Alcimus against Iudas Machabeus, who * 1.65 by flatterie entred into Ierusalem, and slue three score of the chiefe and greatest men of the citie, & after gathered a num∣ber

of wicked persons together, who did much harme in Iu∣dea: to whome king Demetrius sent Nicanor with an hoste of * 1.66 souldiers to ayde Alcimus. This Nicanor blasphemed God, prophaned the temple, threatned the Iewes, and came to Bethoron, where Iudas Machabeus gaue him battell and ouer∣threwe him.

This Demetrius was no lesse cruell to the Iewes, then either his father or his brother were before him: hee played the beare, vntill Alexander Epiphanes, Antiochus Eupators sonne came to the Citie of Ptolomais. Iustine saith, that this Alexander was a base man borne, named Prompalus, and that hee was * 1.67 made by others to take this name vpon him, and to say that he was Antiochus sonne. Atalus king of Asia, Ptolome Philome∣tor king of Egypt, and Ariarathes king of Capadocia, counselled Prompalus to inuade Demetrius kingdome, which was done, and a battell giuen, in the which Demetrius was slaine, after * 1.68 he had reigned tenne yeeres.

Now after Alexander had the victorie of Demetrius, he clai∣med to be the king of Syria by succession, fayning himselfe to be Antiochus Eupators sonne: hee maried Cleopatra king Philo∣metors daughter of Egypt: the mariage was celebrated in the Citie of Ptolemais. This Alexander was not ayded by these kings for any great affection they bare him, but for the ha∣tred they had towardes Demetrius, who was so ambitious, proude, and cruell in the beginning of his reigne, that these three kings, of Egypt, of Asia, and Arabia, had susteined losse and harme before Demetrius was ouerthrowen by Alexander: he had two sonnes, whom hee sent with great treasures to a * 1.69 friende of his named Gindius, to auoide the daunger of the warres: the elder of them was named Demetrius after his fa∣thers name, who hearing of his fathers death and of the riot and lust of this Alexander, a man giuen to al vices and wicked∣nesse, came into Syria being aided by the king of Creete, and possessed certeine Cities in Syria: he appointed his generall one Appolonius, who too much trusting his owne force and * 1.70 courage, was in the first battell by Ionathas ouerthrowen.

Ptolome within a short time came with a great armie to see▪ his sonne in lawe in Syria: to whom all the cities opened their * 1.71 gates to welcome their king of Egypt, they rather thinking that hee came to make peace betweene Demetrius and A∣lexander: but Ptolome imagined howe hee might deceiue them both for a kingdome: hee placed his souldiers in di∣uers Cities of Syria: and because Alexander was then in Ci∣cilia, hee tooke occasion to offer him warres by taking his daughter away from him, whome hee gaue in mariage a∣gaine to Demetrius.

Alexander hearing that his wife was taken from him, and maried to Demetrius his mortall enemie, summoned his fa∣ther in lawe to battell, wherein he had the ouerthrowe, and * 1.72 was forced to flie to Arabia where Alexander was taken and slaine, and his head sent by the king of Arabia to Egypt to king Ptolome. Thus was Prompalus (otherwaies named Alexander) throwen downe from the throne of his kingdome, deceiued * 1.73 by fortune, and reuenged by iustice. This reward he had, to faine him selfe Antiochus sonne, and falsely to alter his name from Prompalus vnto Alexander, that Ptolome who ayded him to the kingdome and gaue his daughter in mariage to him, the same Ptolome droue him out of the kingdome, and had both his head and his crowne giuen him. But Philometor en∣ioyed not long these great honors: for within three dayes af∣ter he had receiued Alexanders head, Ptolome died: so long he * 1.74 ware the crowne of Syria. When the Syrians heard that Alex∣ander was dead in Arabia, and Ptolome dead in Egypt, they slue all the souldiers of Ptolome which were left in garisons in the Cities of Syria, and receiued Demetrius Nicanor to be their king, which was Demetrius Soters sonne. Nowe when Deme∣trius * 1.75 had recouered his kingdome againe, he fel in short time in as great contempt with all men for his slouthfulnesse, as his father before him was for pride: and to auoide that fault, he waged warres with the Parthians, to whom he gaue two seue∣rall ouerthrowes by the aide of the Bactrians, and the Persians: * 1.76 but afterward he was taken, and sent prisoner into Hircania to Arsaces king of Persia.

While Demetrius was in these warres, Ionathas the high * 1.77 priest was by deceipt slaine by Trypho: also he slue young An∣tiochus, ouer whom he was tutour, and reigned three yeeres king in Syria. Cleopatra Demetrius wife fearing the tyrannie of this Trypho, and knowing her husband to bee captiue in Hir∣cania, shee maried Antiochus Soter her husbands brother, shee being then in the citie of Seleucia. Antiochus leuied an armie, came to Syria, pursued Trypho, from whom reuoulted all his souldiers, and he himselfe fled. Antiochus possessed Syria qui∣etly: and calling to mind the pride of his father, & the slouth∣fulnesse * 1.78 of his brother, for which faultes they were both hated of their subiects, hee vsed great diligence and faire meanes to winne those cities which had reuoulted from his brother: yet according to his predecessours the kings of Sy∣ria, he beganne shortly after this good mind to molest Iudea: he besieged Hircanus the high priest in Ierusalem, but he tooke money, and remoued his siege.

In the twelfth of his reigne, Antiochus beganne to warre a∣gainst Phrahartes king of the Parthiās, leuied an armie of eigh∣tie thousand men. Phrahartes had Demetrius the brother of Antiochus in custodie with him, to whom his father Arsaces * 1.79 had promised him before he died to restore him to his king∣dome, and thereupon gaue his daughter in mariage. The king of Parthia was ouerthrowen and driuen to slight in two or three battels, leauing al Parthia wasted and spoyled by An∣tiochus. In the meane time Demetrius was sent by Phrahartes to his kingdome, while Antiochus was absent from Syria.

In this warres of Parthia Antiochus came to Babylon, where * 1.80 many kings gaue him the meeting: for hee waxed great and strong: and there hearing that his brother Demetrius was commen to Syria from Parthia, and was receiued againe to his kingdome, he made haste to returne with his souldiers to Syria: but Phrahartes had prepared an armie vpon the way to meete him, and to giue him battell, where Antio∣chus * 1.81 was slaine.

CHAP. III.

Of the last destruction of Asia and Syria, through their ciuill dis∣sention and long warres one with another, the onely cause of their bondage afterward to the Romanes, vnder whom they liued as subiects, and all Asia and Syria made Prouinces vnder Rome.

WHen the king of Parthia had the victorie, hee much repented him that he let loose Demetrius, but hee coulde not helpe it. When Demetrius had bin from his king∣dome * 1.82 thirteene yeeres captiue, but with great honour (for that he maried Arsa∣ses daughter king of Parthia) his returne to Syria was in the sixe hundred twentie seuen yeere after the building of Rome, and hee reigned afterward foure yeeres: for in the fourth yeere after his returne from Parthia, where hee had bene thirteene yeeres captiue, he leuied an armie against Hircanus: but Demetrius woonted and intollerable pride was such, that the Syrians by no meanes coulde abide him, and therefore they sent to Egypt to king Ptolome, that he would ap∣point them a king of the blood and house of Seleucus. Such * 1.83 were the maners of the Syrians, that vpon any broile or diffi∣dence they had in their king, the kings of Egypt shoulde be their shield and defende them, and by that meanes onely di∣uers kings of Egypt became kings of Syria.

The people of Syria hauing sent to Egypt, Ptolome prepared Alexander Zebenna with a great hoste against Demetrius, from * 1.84 whom most of his subiects reuoulted, and therefore the easier to be vanquished, as it came to passe in the very first battell, betweene him and Zebenna. This Zebenna was one Protarchus sonne, a meane man, and such a one as Prompalus was, of whō you reade before. These false pollices and craftie deuices are * 1.85 alwayes in courtes about kings and princes: as in Macedonia a false Philip, and after him againe a fained Perseus: so in Syria a false Prompalus, and after him a false Zebenna, of whom reade the fable in Iustine and in Functius.

When this Alexāder Zebenna had ouercome Demetrius, he enioyed the kingdome of Syria two yeres quietly: but shortly * 1.86 he waxed so proud and arrogant, that he litle esteemed king Ptolome, who only made him king in Syria. Ptolome hearing of these newes, recōciled himselfe first to his sister Cleopatra, who had bin maried to both the brethren Antiochus and Demetrius kings of Syria, and straight after sent an armie to ayde Gryphus, who was by his mother appointed king, which gaue battel to Zebenna, & ouerthrew him, and forced him to flee to Antioch, * 1.87 where for want of money to pay his souldiers, he robbed the temple of Iupiter: from thence he was driuen by the countrie to take his flight. Againe, his souldiers forsooke him, and left him: he was taken and brought to Griphus, and by commaun∣dement slaine.

Nowe Griphus hauing obteined his fathers kingdome, * 1.88 doubted nothing of his mother Cleopatras treason being bu∣sie in other affaires of his kingdome, vntill hee was made ac∣quainted with his mothers intent, of whō he had some triall both towards his father, whom shee betrayed being her hus∣band, & his brother whō also she slue being her owne sonne: her ambitions & impietie was so found, that when she offe∣red a cuppe of drinke to her sonne the king, she was cōmaun∣ded to drinke the same her selfe, and so the poyson with the which she thought to poyson her sonne, was made to be her owne draught and her owne death. After this, Griphus reig∣ned * 1.89 king in Syria eight yeeres very quiet, before Cizicoenus his brother beganne to warre: he was his brother by the mother side, borne by his vncle Antiochus Sedetes: while the state of Sy∣ria was thus afflicted with continuall warres betweene bre∣thren and brethrens children, Ptolomeus Physcon died, who left behinde him the kingdome to his wife and to his sonne, of whō I haue entreated in the historie of Egypt. But now the ci∣uill warres being in Syria betweene Antiochus Griphus, Deme∣trius * 1.90 Nicanors sonne and Antiochus Cizicenus Antiochus Sedetes sonne, though they were brethrē by the mothers side, & cou∣sin germaines by the fathers, yet their ambition was such to

the kingdom of Syria, that they forgate fraternitie in blood, & * 1.91 fel to strokes, one persecuting the other with cōtinual warres & sundry battels, vntil at lēgth Antiochus Griphus was slaine by * 1.92 the treacherie of Herodianus in the 662. yere after the building of Rome, in the 29. yere of his reigne. I remēber a history in Di∣onisius Halicarnassaeus, in the which historie Rome is much com∣mended * 1.93 in respect of other countries, as Persia, Greece, Macc∣donia, Syria & Asia, kingdoms of ciuil warres, the very cause of their ruine: but in Rome no ciuil warre was knowen, no muti∣nie, no discord was seene for 620. yeres, frō the time of Romu∣lus the first king of Rome, vntill the time of Tiberius Gracchus, which was the first that died in an vprore which he himselfe beganne.

But while these ciuill warres endured in Syria, Masinissa king of Numidia was occupied in Affrike, hauing great wars betweene the Carthagineans & the Numidians. Aristonicus also the sonne of Attalus king of Pergamus, & brother to that vali∣ant king Eumenes, inuaded Asia as his owne kingdom fallen to him by succession of his father. At that time reigned in Bythi∣nia Nicomedes, & in Pōtus Mithridates, the sōne of that great Mi∣thridates, who held warres with the Romanes of a long time. * 1.94

About this time began the sects of people in Iudea, the Pha∣rises, the Saduces, and Esseni: Of these Iosephus writeth: beside, * 1.95 we reade of them in the new Testament. In the time of Antio∣chus Griphus, Mecypsa king of Numidia died, who left 3. sonnes behind him named Adherbalis, Hiempsalis, & Iugurtha: of this Salust maketh mention in the warres of Iugurth, which warre happened in this time of Griphus: for Marius the Romane Con∣sul about this time triumphed ouer Iugurth. Pompey the great was borne about the time of that triumph, & Lucretius the Po∣et also.

But I will come to Syria, where after king Antiochus was slaine, his sonne Seleucus succeeded him: this prepared to reuenge his father vpon his vncle, gathered his force, & gaue him battel, and slue his vncle Antiochus Cizicoenus, whose sōne * 1.96 reuēged vpō his cousin his fathers death: he gaue him battel,

ouerthrewe him, droue him out of Syria to Cicilia, where hee was burned in his owne house, and all his friendes with him.

Skant was this mischiefe done, but straight another folowed: Seleucus brother named Antiochus folowed fast Cizioenus sōne, and slue him with all his armie. Then Philip the third brother of Seleucus tooke much of the kings treasure, and went pri∣uately and dwelled in a part of Syria, vntill that Ptolome, who by his owne mother before that time was expelled out of E∣gypt, though afterwarde hee was receiued king againe in the 663. yeere after the building of Rome. This I say brought the * 1.97 fourth brother of Seleucus named Demetrius Eucerus to Damas∣cus, where hee was crowned king, who ioyned with Philip, o∣uerthrew Antiochus their brother, and the eldest after Seleucus.

This murthering one another in Syria, with such tyrannie and bloody treason betweene brethren and brethrens chil∣dren, that all the kings of Syria euen from Antiochus Epiphanes the eight king of Syria vntill Philip the seuenteenth king, no forraine enemies needed to inuade Asia, but one king destroy∣ed an other by ciuill warres. About this time Cneus Pompeius father to the great Pompe, subdued the Picents and the Marsies, and Silla ouercame the Samnites. Betweene this Silla and Ma∣rius beganne a great quarrell about the warres of Mithrida∣tes: * 1.98 these two, though they did much good to their Countrie, and were equal to the best, yet they past al men in offence and harme towards Rome, so that they onely were the two fire brandes of Italie.

Mithridates king of Pontus inuaded Asia, obiected himselfe against the Romanes: but Silla who at that time triumphed o∣uer all the countries and almost ouer Rome, staied Mithridates. Lucullus waged warres this time with the Parthians: Nicomedes king of Bithinia in those dayes died, and made the Romanes his heire, as Attalus king of Asia did Mithridates. Nowe Philip and Demetrius two brethren reigned the last kings of Syria of the blood of Seleucus, which reigned not long: for Demetrius went against Alexander king of the Iewes, by whom he and his com∣pany * 1.99 were vanquished and driuen out of Iudea. Demetrius be∣ing

thus expulsed, gathered those scattered souldiers, which Alexander king of Iudea dispearsed, and laid siege to the citie of Berea where his brother Philip lay, where Demetrius was taken by the Parthiās & sent to Parthia to be kept as a prisoner, where * 1.100 he died. After that Demetrius was sent to Parthia, Philip came out of Beroea, & entred into Antioch, and obteined the whole kingdom of Syria into his owne hand: but he was shortly van∣quished & ouerthrowen by Gabinius the Romane. The Syrians were cōpelled by this ciuil warre to cōmit themselues to for∣raine kings, to auoid the tyrāny which lōg endured betweene the kings of Syria, so that both the kings & the kingdom of Sy∣ria were at the last breath, some willing to call Mithridates king of Pontus, some Ptolome king of Egypt, and some Tygranes * 1.101 king of Armenia. At length they made a choise of Tygranes to be their king, the rather for the societie of the Parthiās, & the affinitie of Pōtus, which were the next kingdōs vnto Armenia.

While these brethrē Philip & Demet. were at variance, such an earthquake was in Syria, that 170000. men perished there∣by, & many cities laid prostrate to the groūd. Tygranes gouer∣ned * 1.102 the Syrians 18. yeeres quietly without any warre or busi∣nes, though in deede diuers there were that hoped for a day, specially Antiochus Cizicoenus, which all this time lay close in Cicilia. Tygranes had thought to subdue Palestina, and so after some leasure to warre vpō Iuda: but hearing that Lu. Lucullus af∣ter that Mithridates was by the said Lucullus conquered, mar∣ched forward into Armenia, Tygranes was driuē to forsake Sy∣ria, & in al haste to returne to defend his owne coūtrie, where he was ouercome in two or three great battels, and at length taken in his chiefe citie called Artaxa.

Nowe Tygranes could not returne to Syria, but he was led captiue to the Romanes by Pompei the great: who after that wēt * 1.103 in person into Syria, & brought it to the forme & gouernment of a prouince, for that Syria (as Plutarch saith) wanted a lawfull king. He made a prouince of Syria to the Romane Empire: he cōquered al Iurie, & builded certeine cities in Iudea: this very time M. Crassus with his sonne, & with all his armie was ouer∣throwen

and slaine in Parthia. Likewise Iulius Caesar came into England called then Brittaine, and conquered it: at what time * 1.104 reigned in Brittaine Cassibelane, who after two or three repul∣ses giuen to Caesar, yeelded & consented to pay tribute. At the cōming of Pompe into Syria, Diodorus Siculus a great writer wēt to Egypt, where he wrote in a booke of his, the antiquitie of the Egyptiās. About this time Titus Liuius the historiographer, * 1.105 and Horace the Poet were borne: but the historie of the kings * 1.106 of Syria is set forth with the kings of Israel and Iuda, and also in the Machabees: for in the sacred histories of the scripture much mencion is made of the kings of Aram, by the names of Aram Soba, Aram Padan, Aram Damasci, Aram Naharaim, by the which names Syria is better described in Genesis, in the Kings, in Para∣lipomenon, and in Deuteronomiū, then by Ptolome, Strabo, Pompo∣nius Mela, or Solinus: for the kings of Aram which is Syria, haue diuers names in Scripture, as Aram Naharaim, which is that part of Syria which is betweene Euphrates and Tygris: the regi∣on * 1.107 thereof is called Mesopotamia: reade the 3. of the Iudges. Likewise Aram Padan which is a coūtrie in Mesopotamia, & of∣ten * 1.108 taken for al Mesopotamia, where Iacob mēcioneth of Rahels death his wife, when he came from Padan Aram.

Againe, Aram Damasci, where Benadad king of Aram being sicke, sent Hazael to the man of God Elisha, to knowe whether Benahad should recouer his health. To be short, Aram Macat, Aram Soba, Aram Rhohab, and Aram Damasci are regions and countries in Mesopotamia, Coelosyria, & in the higher Syria farre from Perela and Galaad, the countrie of Ruben and Gad, and of the halfe tribe of Manasses. But these names of Syria were long * 1.109 before any prophane writer wrote of Syria: fewe prophane histories were before king Philips time Alexander the great his father: all true antiquities are conteined in sacred histories, in Moses, in the Chronicles of the kings of Israel and Iuda, and in the Prophets: late writers began in the time of Cyrus to write of the Monarchies of Persia, of the Greciās, and of the Romanes, of whom Daniel before had spoken, and likewise gaue light vnto prophane writers to write their histories.

These kings of Aram then were the most cruell tyraunts, and most furious enemies of Iudea, of the people of God, and of his Church: & likewise these last by the names of the kings * 1.110 of Syria, which continued no longer then from Alexander the great which was the first, vntill the time of Pompe the great, which was the last, that brought all Syria a prouince to the Romanes. As God dealed with the kings of Aram in the be∣halfe of Iuda then: so he wrought with the kings of Syria now in the behalfe of his Church, who euer preuailed against all kingdomes of the world, as God caused Senaheribs armie one to kill an other to the number of 185. thousande in one day and night. So hee likewise raised one king against an other in Syria, that from Antiochus the great, vntill the last king, there was nothing but killing and murthering in Syria: for the ty∣raunt Antiochus Epiphanes his sonne after he fomed in blood, * 1.111 died most miserably: his sonne likewise Antiochus Eupator was slaine by his vncle Demetrius: Demetrius was slaine by Alexan∣der, which fained himselfe to be Antiochus Epiphanes sonne: A∣lexander was slaine by the king of Parthia, and his head sent to Syria. After Demetrius Nicanor was kept out of Syria, by his owne brother Antiochus Sedetes: this Sedetes was killed by Try∣phon: againe Tryphon was slaine quickly of his owne people.

Then Antiochus Gryphus Nicanors sonne, and Antiochus Se∣detes sonne killed one an other in such sort, that Syria wanted * 1.112 heires of Seleucus house to be kings, & also Syria was brought so lowe and so poore by these ciuill warres, that the Romanes prayed ouer them, after they had reigned two hundred eigh∣tie nine yeeres, and brought Syria a prouince subiect to Rome. All the names of the kings of Syria and Asia, since Alexan∣der the great his time are these.

• 1 Seleucus Nica. reigned 31.
• 2 Antiochus Soter. 19.
• 3 Antiochus Theos. 15.
• 4 Seleucus Gallinicus. 20.
• 5 Seleucus Ceraunus. 9.
• 6 Antiochus magnus. 36.
• 7 Seleucus Philopator. 12.
• 8 Antiochus Epiphanes. 12.
• 9 Antiochus Eupator. 2.
• 10 Demetrius Soter. 10.
• 11 Alexander Prōpalus. 5.
• 12 Demetrius Nicanor. 2.
• ...

• 13 Antiochus Sedetes. 3.
• 14 Trypho reigned 3.
• 15 Demetrius againe Nica∣nor. 4.
• 16 Antiochus Griphus. 29.
• 17 Antiochus Cizicoenus. 18.
• 18 Philipus the sonne of Gri∣phus. 2. Functius doeth varie a litle from Iustine in the yeeres of these kings.

Notes

• * 1.1

  No king lest after Alexan∣der.
• * 1.2

  Daniel cap. 11.
• * 1.3

  Seleucus.
• * 1.4

  Diod. lib. 19.
• * 1.5

  Laodices dreame.
• * 1.6

  Iustin. lib. 15.
• * 1.7

  Ambition is dangerous.
• * 1.8

  Seleucus slaine.
• * 1.9

  Melanct. chron. 2.
• * 1.10

  The cry oftrue Chronicles vpon the O∣lympiads.
• * 1.11

  Functius.
• * 1.12

  Melanct•…•… 2. Chron.
• * 1.13

  The praise of Philadelphus.
• * 1.14

  Antiochus 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the third king of Syria.
• * 1.15

  Functius lib. 3. Comment.
• * 1.16

  The tyrannie of Laodices.
• * 1.17

  The cause of the Syrian warres.
• * 1.18

  Daniel 11.
• * 1.19

  Sedition and great mutinie in Egypt.
• * 1.20

  Diod. lib. 18.
• * 1.21

  Peace be∣twene Seleucus and Ptolomey.
• * 1.22

  Brennus.
• * 1.23

  Eumenes ouer∣threw Antio∣chus.
• * 1.24

  Seleucus Cerau∣nos the 5. king of Asia and Syria.
• * 1.25

  Antiochus the great the sixt king of Syria.
• * 1.26

  Ieseph. lib. 7. cap. 27.
• * 1.27

  Hannibal fled to Antioch.
• * 1.28

  Nabis the ty∣rant.
• * 1.29

  Hanibals name.
• * 1.30

  Iustin. lib. 31.
• * 1.31

  Hanibal hated the Romanes.
• * 1.32

  Melanct. chron. 2.
• * 1.33

  Antiochus desi∣reth peace of the Romanes.
• * 1.34

  Ioseph, lib. 7. cap. 27. de bel. Iudaic.
• * 1.35

  Eutrop. lib. 4.
• * 1.36

  Scipio Asiaticus.
• * 1.37

  Ioseph. lib. 12. cap. 3.
• * 1.38

  Melanct. lib. 2. Chron.
• * 1.39

  3. Triumphes at Rome.
• * 1.40

  Polib. lib. 4.
• * 1.41

  Liuius lib. 3.
• * 1.42

  Antiocus is slaine.
• * 1.43

  Seleucus Phi∣lopater the se∣uenth king of Syria.
• * 1.44

  Heliodorus pu∣nishment.
• * 1.45

  Antiochus Epi∣phanes.
• * 1.46

  Antiochus Epi∣phanes the 8. king of Syria.
• * 1.47

  Ioseph. lib. 1. & cap. 1. de be•…•…ud.
• * 1.48

  Melanct. lib. 2. Chron.
• * 1.49

  Machab. 2. cap. 5.
• * 1.50

  Cleopatra ma∣ried to Epi∣phanes.
• * 1.51

  Philometor Cle∣opatras sonne by Ptolomey Epiphanes.
• * 1.52

  Functius lib. 3. Comment.
• * 1.53

  Popilius was sent to An∣tioch.
• * 1.54

  Iustin. 34.
• * 1.55

  Popilius words to Antiochus.
• * 1.56

  Tit. Liuius lib. 5. Decad. 5.
• * 1.57

  The tyrannie of Antiochus.
• * 1.58

  Machab. 2. cap. 5.
• * 1.59

  Daniel cap. 8.
• * 1.60

  Ioseph. lib. de an∣tiquit. 12. cap. 13.
• * 1.61

  Antihchus Eupator.
• * 1.62

  Demetrius So∣ter the 9. king.
• * 1.63

  Ioseph. lib. 13. cap. 4.
• * 1.64

  Esai. cap. 19.
• * 1.65

  Alcimus sent by Demetrius to Ierusalem.
• * 1.66

  Melanct. lib. 2. Chron.
• * 1.67

  Alex. other∣wayes Prom∣palus.
• * 1.68

  Demet. slaine by Alex. other∣wayes Prom∣palus.
• * 1.69

  Iustine lib. 35.
• * 1.70

  Apollonius De∣met. generall slaine.
• * 1.71

  Funct. lib. 3. Coment.
• * 1.72

  Ioseph. lib. 13. Cap. 8.
• * 1.73

  Alex. head sent from A∣rabia to Egypt.
• * 1.74

  Ptolo. dyed.
• * 1.75

  Demetrius Ni∣canor.
• * 1.76

  Demet. taken prisoner.
• * 1.77

  Ionathas the high priest slaine.
• * 1.78

  Antiochus So∣ter.
• * 1.79

  The king of Parthia ouer∣throwen.
• * 1.80

  Antiochus a∣gainst the Parthians.
• * 1.81

  Iustine lib. 38.
• * 1.82

  Funct. lib 3. Comment.
• * 1.83

  Egypt too much trusted by the Syrians.
• * 1.84

  Alexander Zebenna.
• * 1.85

  Funct lib. 3. Coment. Iustine lib. 39.
• * 1.86

  Zebenna en∣ioyed Syria.
• * 1.87

  Gryphus ouer∣threw Zebenna.
• * 1.88

  Zebenna slaine.
• * 1.89

  Cleopatra by her owne drinke poyso∣ned.
• * 1.90

  Brethren and cousin ger∣maines.
• * 1.91

  Ioseph lib. 13 antiq cap. 21.
• * 1.92

  Antiochus Gri∣phus slaine.
• * 1.93

  Dioni. Halicr lib. 2.
• * 1.94

  Ioseph. lib. 13. cap. 8.
• * 1.95

  Esseni were as the Scribes a∣mong the Iewes. Mysipsa.
• * 1.96

  Antiochus slaine.
• * 1.97

  Nothing in Syria but blood.
• * 1.98

  Silla and Ma∣rius two great enemies of Rome.
• * 1.99

  Demet. ouer∣throwen by Alex. king of Iudea.
• * 1.100

  Demetrius ta∣ken by the Parthians.
• * 1.101

  The kings of Syria brought to extremitie.
• * 1.102

  Tygranes reig∣ned 18 yeeres king of Syria.
• * 1.103

  Melanct. lib. 2. Pompe the great brought Syria to be a prouince of Rome.
• * 1.104

  Iu. Caesar came to England.
• * 1.105

  Diodo. lib. 2.
• * 1.106

  The kings of Aram which is Syria are more in sacred hi∣stories then prophane.
• * 1.107

  Iudg. cap. 3.
• * 1.108

  Genesis. 48.
• * 1.109

  The true war∣rant of all an∣tiquities is in the sacred Scriptures.
• * 1.110

  The continu∣ance of the kings of Syria.
• * 1.111

  The kings of Syria one mur thering ano∣ther.
• * 1.112

  Seleucus house destroyed by ciuill warres.