[Rudimenta grammatices]

GENERALLY OF CON∣STRVCTION.

FOr the due ioynyng of wordes in construction it is to be vnderstāde, that a verbe of certayne {per}∣son and nombre, muste euer haue a nominatyue case ioyned with hym, set out or vnderstande. as Ego audio.

¶Also euery adiectiue, kepynge his strength, muste haue a propre or appellatiue, or somwhat standyng for them, ioyned with hym. as Magnus Alexander, gratus discipulus, velle tuum.

¶Also the relatiue qui must euer haue ioyned with hym, other openly or in vnderstandynge, somthyng of the sentence goynge before, whiche is called the antecedent. as Maro legitur•• qui imitat{us} est Home∣rum. where, with qui, is vnderstande Maro.

¶Also whan soeuer .ij. verbes come together in one sentence, hauynge no nominatiue case betwene ex∣pressed nor vnderstande, the latte•• shalbe the infi∣nityue mode. as Cupio discere.

¶Also a preposition, kepynge his owne strengthe, may nat stande withoute a casuall worde, in suche case as he is cōstrued with. as Ad templum ab vrbe.

Of intransi••iue constr••ction. The first intransitiue••

PRaeceptor docet. why is docet the singuler nom∣bre, and the thyrde {per}son•• For the verbe of cer∣tayne nombre and person, muste euer agre with his nominatyue case, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Nombre and person. as Ego scribo. Tu legis.

¶Howe knowest thou the nominatiue longyng•• to

the uerbe? By this englisshe who or what, set before ••he ••erb••, ••or the worde that answereth it, is the nominatyue case. As in this reason. I rede. The no∣minatiue case is I, bicause it answereth to that que∣stion who or what redeth.

The secunde intransitiue.

GRatus discipulus laudat praeceptorem. why is gratus the nominatyue case, the masculyn gē∣dre and the singuler nōbre? For the nowne ad∣iectiue must agree with his propre or appellatiue in iij. case, gendre, and nombre. As uir bonus, mulier ••roba.

¶And all nownes interrogatyues, relatyues of ac∣cidence, with theyr reddytiues. Also partitiues, cō∣paratiues, superlatiues, numerals, and pronownes bo••h demonstratiues and possessyues. Also partici∣ples haue lyke cōstruction, with theyr propre or ap∣pellatyue, as nowne adiectiues haue. as quanta tur∣ba. tāta moles. Neutra acies. Melior fortuna. Max∣imus latro. Tres fratres. Hic uir. Illa anus. Noster ••erus. Homo armatus.

¶Howe knowest thou the propre or appellatyue longynge to the adiectiue? By this question who o•• what, set after the adiectiue. as in this construction. A swyfte horse. A swyfte what? A swyfte horse.

The thyrde intransitiue.

VIr sapit, qui pauca loquitur. why is qui the no¦minatiue case, the masculyn gendre, and the synguler nōbre? For this relatyue qui, and ge¦nerally all nownes and pronownes relatyues, must

agree with theyr propre, or appellatyue, or pro∣nowne primityue, whyche they reherse of the rea∣son goyng before, in .iij. case, gendre, and nombre. as vir sapit, qui pauca loquitur. Ego scribo, et idē doceo. Est homo studiosus, qualis es tu. where, with qui, is vnderstande uir: with idem, ego: with qua∣lis, homo.

¶what is the worde here, that the relatyue qui re∣herseth of the reason goynge before? This appel∣latyue vir. why vnderstandest thou this appellati∣ue vir, after the relatyue in the nominatyue case? For so my rule byddeth me. Say thy rule.

¶If there come no nominatyue case bitwene the re¦latyue and the verbe, than shal the worde, that the relatyue reherseth, be the nomynatyue case to the verbe.

¶If there come any nominatyue case bitwene the relatyue and the verbe, than shall the worde, that the relatyue reherseth, be suche case, as the verbe wyll haue after hym. as Audio fabulam, quam Te∣rētius dedit. Orels suche case, as some worde, that cometh with the verbe wyl haue after hym, whiche worde is somtyme a nowne appellatyue. As Cuius numen adoro.

Somtyme an adiectyue, and that dyuers wayes. as Cuius inopem fouisti.

Quorum optimum ipse habeo.

Cui similem non uidi.

Quo dignum iudicaui.

Quo maiorem non uidi.

Somtyme an infinityue mode, participle, gerūdiue, or supyne. As Quem cupio uidere.

Cui ••elim te obsequentem.

Quem uidendo obstupuit.

〈◊〉〈◊〉 salutatum uenit.

••••••tyme a preposicion or an aduerbe. as 〈◊〉〈◊〉 videor amari.

〈◊〉〈◊〉 melius nemo scribit.

••••••her wyse. The relatyue qui agreeth with hys ••••••••cedent in .iij. gendre, nombre, and person. And 〈…〉〈…〉 case. I•• there come no noīatyue case bitwene 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••elatyue and his verbe, than s••all the relatyue 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••he nominatyue case to the verbe.

〈◊〉〈◊〉 there come any noīatiue case bitwene the rela¦•••••••• and the uerbe, than the relatiue must be suche, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 as the uerbe wyll haue after hym, orels suche 〈◊〉〈◊〉 as some worde that cometh with the uerbe wyl 〈◊〉〈◊〉 after hym. As the ensamples before sheweth.

••••owe knowest thou the worde lōgyng to the re∣••••••yue? By this question who or what, set after the ••••latyue, as in this reason. Virgil prayseth Aeneas, ••••••••che was a Troian. the worde longyng to the re∣••••••••ue is Aeneas, bycause it answereth to this que∣••••••••n who or what, set after the relatyue this wyse. ••hiche who or what was a troian? Aeneas.