Batman vppon Bartholome his booke De proprietatibus rerum, newly corrected, enlarged and amended: with such additions as are requisite, vnto euery seuerall booke: taken foorth of the most approued authors, the like heretofore not translated in English. Profitable for all estates, as well for the benefite of the mind as the bodie. 1582.

Of measures of bodies. ca. 131.

MEasure, as Isid. sayth, li. 16. cap. pe. is some thing in his manner meet, or his during by time. And measure is of body, or of time, or of space & of place. The mesure of body is as of mē, of trees, and of other bodily things in length and in bredth: For each body hath his owne dimension & measure, & that properly is called measure, by whome fruit & corne & licuor, and other things moist and drie be meten, as Modius, Vrna, Amphora, and Sextarius. And the least measure is Coclearium, and is halfe a Dragme, and weigheth nine Huoles, & such: thrée ma∣keth a Concula. For Concul, conteineth a Dragme & an halfe. And the weight Ci∣atus conteineth 10. Dragmes, & fiue put thereto maketh Orifasus. Acetabulus is the fourth part of Emina, and conteineth 12. Dragmes. Cotula is Emina, & contei∣neth 6. Ciatus, & is called therfore Cotu∣la, & hath that name of the Greeke word Cote, that is to say, earuing or dealing, and Emina is a part of Sextarius dealed euen in twaine, & is called Cotula. And Emina weigheth a pound, and such two maketh Sextarius, & is the mesure of two pound, and is called Bilibris euer. And 4. times is Cenix in Gréeke, & fiue such maketh Quinarius, y^t is called Gomor. Also put thereto the sixt, and it maketh Congius, for Congies conteineth 6. Sex∣tarius, and thereof Sextarius hath that name. Congius hath y^e name of Congre∣gando, gathering, or of Crescendo, wax∣ing. And so it meaneth, it is y^e is giuen for some benefit is called Congiarium. And euery Emperour to win fauour of the people, put somewhat to the measure for to be held the more large of giftes. And Congiarium is speciallye a measure of fleeting things, & the Romanes ordeined the name thereof.

Metreta is a measure of fleeting things, & hath that name of this Greeke name, Metron, & is a common name of al mea∣sures, that conteine fleeting things. The measure Modius hath that name, for it is perfect of his manner, & is the mea∣sure of 44. li. that maketh 22. Sextaris, and is therfore figure and token of per∣fect woorkes of sixe dayes. God did make 22. workes within sixe dayes, for in the first day God made seuen manner things, matter & forme, light or fire, the ouer heauens, water, earth, and aire: And the second day he made onely the instru∣ment. And the third day he made foure things, y^e seas, séeds, hearbs, & trées. The fourth daye he made three thinges, the Sunne, Moone, and Starres. And y^e fifth day thrée, fish, creeping beasts of water, and soules. The sixt day he made foure, tame beastes, wilde beastes, and cree∣ping Wormes of the lande, and man. And so. 21. manner things were made in sixe dayes. And 22. Generations were

from Adam to Iacob, of whose seede came all the people of Israel. And there be 22. bookes of the olde Testament vn∣to Hester, and 22. letters of A.B.C. by whom all the lore of Gods law is wri∣ten. Then by these ensamples, the mea∣sure Modius containeth 22. Sextarius, by Moses lore: and Modius hath that name of Modus, for it is a moderate me∣sure, as Isid. saith.

Satum is a manner measure vsed in the Prouince of Palesuna, and contain∣eth one Modius and an halfe, and the name thereof is taken of Hebrue: for a∣mōng them Satum is called taking or re∣ring: for he that meateth, shall take and reare by same measure. But some∣time Satum is taken for Modius, mea∣sure of 12. Sextarius, as Isid. saith.

* 1.1(Satum, Genus mensurae Palestinae, an Hebreu measure, containing of wine 33. pound .4. ounces, of Oyle 30. pound, of 〈…〉〈…〉 50. pound. It is of our measure standard, two gallons and a quart. Bee∣ing a measure of drye things, it is our pecke, and the fourth parte of a pecke.)

Bacus is a measure that holdeth 5••. Sextarius, & Batus is in fleeting things, as Chorus and Ephi in drye things.

* 1.2(Batus, a measure containing 72. Sex∣tarios, which after the Romane Sextari∣us reseth to 13. gallons & a pottle of our measure. Some affirme it to be but 36. pintes of Paris, which is the same mea∣sure that Amphora is. Batus is also, a kinde of fish.)

Amhpora hath that name of Ansis, an handle, by the which he is heaued he∣ther and thether: and holdeth of wheat or wine, three Modius of Italy.

Cadus is an Amphora, that holdeth thrice Vrna, Vrna is a measure, y^t some call Quartenum, and properly to speak, Vrna is ordeined to do therin ashes of dead bodies. Thereof the Poet Lucan saith. He is healed with the 〈…〉〈…〉, y^t hath not Vrna.

Artabo is a measure among the Ae∣gyptians, and boldeth ••2. Sextatis, & hath that name, of 72. languages of ••anons that occupied the world.

Gomer is a measure of 4••. Modius, as Isi. saith. Or it is a mesure of 4. Mo∣dius, as the Glose saith sup. Exe. ca. 16

* 1.3(Gomer, Alter, Budey & Glarian y^e x. part of Ephi: & Ephi is the same measure that Amphora is 9. gallons: so y^t Go∣mer, is a gallon and almost a pint. After Gregorius Agricula, it holdeth .7. Sexta∣rios and one fifth part.)

Chorus is a measure of 30. Modius, and hath y^e name of coaceruation, heaps: for 30. Modius or one heape, seemeth a little hell, and is the charge of a Camel. Huc vs{que} Isid. 1.16. Also there are ma∣ny other m••ner measures, of whom the names be set in holy writ, & not with∣out great cause of preuie and mysticall meaning : for euerye vessell in which things be kept that be measen, is contai∣ned vnder the name of measure, as it is shewed in diuers ensamples.

Acetabulum was a vessell, in which wine that shuld be offered to God, was assayed and proued, whether it were so∣wer or corrupt, and was called Aceta∣bulum: and the vessell in the which was sower wine and corrupt was called A∣cetabulum, as Isid. saith lib. 10.

Ampuila is a little measure of licor and hath that name, as it were Ampi∣bulla, a large bull, and is like in round∣nesse to a boll that commeth of y^e some of water by entring of winde, & be ••••••:ted, and blowen, and be full subtill.

Alabastrum is a vessell for oyntment & hath that name of the kind of y^e stone that it is made of, & saueth without cor∣ruption by his propertie longest, all cent∣ment that is put therein, as it is sayd in Trac. de lapididus.

Archa is a vessell and mesure, onely in the which things be put and kept out of sight, y^t they be not seene of all men. Of this name commeth this word Ar∣chanum priuitie, that is warely kept vn∣knowen to multitude of men.

Amphora is a certaine measure, & hath y^e name of Ansis, a handle, as it is sure before. Batus is a measure of fleeting things, ordeined by y^e law. Bachia is a me∣sure, ordained generaly to y^e vse of wine. Calix is a certain porsion & measure of drink, & hath y^e name of Calo, y^t is a tree, for such vessells were first made of tree & of wickers, as pamer•• and baskets.

Cathinum is an earthen vessell or∣dayned for meate and for drinke, and is better sayd in the neuter gender, than in the Masculine, as Salinum, a saler, as I∣sidore saith.

Cacabus a candron, is a vessell of the kitchen, ordained for diuers vses, and to seeth flesh in, and also the same vessell is called Valcotula.

Cadus is a barrell, and contayneth thrée Modius, as it is sayd there.

Calathus is a basket made of splintes to beare fish therein.

Cribrum is a ••••oe, round with ma∣ny holes, and hath that name, as it were Curriferum, bering things that runneth, for wheate and other corne runneth ther in, for in a siue corne is clensed of stones and of small chaffe.

Cista is a little hutch, & of that name commeth the diminutiue Cistella, & hath the names of rindes or splints, of canes or of willowes, of whome it is wouen and wrought.

Cophinus is a vessell wouen of rods to beare dirt therin, as it is sayd in Psa. Manus eius in Cophino seruierunt.

Celata be vessells of golde or of sil∣uer marked with euident signes, within or without, and haue that name of Ce∣lum, that is an instrument of yron that is commonly called Cilicon, as Isidore sayeth.

Cimlia be vessells for drinke, & are euenlong and narrow in the endes, and broad in the middle, as it were a boate.

Coclear a spoone, is a little instru∣ment of the measure of the mouth, and proportionate thereto: and therewith the hande serueth the mouth of diuers meates, and namely of fleeting meates. Therefore Martialis saith.

Sum cocleis habilis, & nec minus v∣tilis ouis. Nunquid scis potius, cur coclearo dicor.

Discus is a Dish broad and rounde, and hath that name of Do and Eseo, & is the same that Scutello is. And Dis∣cus is sayd, as it were Dans Eseas, gi∣uing meate, and men sitting at meate, be called Discumbentes, and haue that name of Discus.

Dolium a Tunne, is an hollow ves∣sell, and hath that name of Dolando, he∣wing or thw••tring, for it is made of ma∣ny boordes and Tunne slaues, craftely bound togethers.

Emicadium is another vessell, and containeth halfe a Cadus.

Enoforum is a vessell, and holdeth wine, for Eno is wine, therfore it is said. Vertitur Enolon fundut sententia no∣bis, as Isidore saith.

Emissis is a certayne drinke, or a vessell that is dronke of one drought, as Isidore saith.

Fiola hath the name of Glasse, for glasse is called Filin in Greeke, and is a lyttle vessell with a br••••d bottome, and a small necke, and therein wine is know∣en, namely by colour.

Philacterium is a lyttle vessell of glasse or of christall in which holy Re∣lykes be kept. Also the punishment, in which the Iewes wrote the Law for to be helde holy, is called Philacterium, as it is said: Dilatant enim Philacteria sua.

Fiscus is a common sacke or a bag in which the Escheker and rent gathe∣rers put the common debts and Cu∣stome that is payed to Kings, as it is said, Quod non accepit Christus, capit Fiscus.

Fiscella is a little euen long scribbe or a panter woue with small roddes of willow or of wickers, & glewed or pitch∣ed, as was the vessell, that Moses was in, when he was put in the riuer.

Gauata is a great header boll, below and deepe, and is called Gauata, as it were Couata hollow: there G. is set for C. as Isidore sayth.

Gazofilatium is an hutch, in the which is put what is offered in the temple, to helpe and succour of needie men, & hath that name, as it were Archa gazarum, the Cofee of riches, and kéeping thereof, for kéeping is Filax in Gréeke, as Isid. saith, and so Gazofilatium was a hutch or a house kéeping the common offring, as Musac kéepeth the common offering of Kings, and Corban of Priests.

Idria is a water vessell, for water is called Idor in Greeke.

Canistrum is a basket, or a fraile made of white rushes or of reede, & ser∣ueth to put in fr••••te:

Cordilum is a like vessell, craftelye made and wouen of white rods.

Lamp•••• is a 〈…〉〈…〉, thin, and 〈…〉〈…〉, upon was rounds aboue, narrow and straigth beneath, and 〈…〉〈…〉 long, and 〈…〉〈…〉 to 〈…〉〈…〉 and lyght, and hath the name of Lambo. to 〈…〉〈…〉 for it 〈…〉〈…〉h it 〈…〉〈…〉th the oyle, & is euer 〈…〉〈…〉 that giueth 〈…〉〈…〉 ••oorth 〈…〉〈…〉 may be called Lampas, as Ho〈…〉〈…〉 sayth. Looke before lib. 15. de metal∣lis cap. de Vitro.

L••••rarsa hath that name, for light is reason therein, and to name of glasse, as of 〈…〉〈…〉 of some ashe•• ••••••ce thing, & light is closed therin, for the wind sh••ld not blowe out the light: and it giueth light all about, and is often borne about w••th lyght therein, as Isid. sayth.

Lacetus hath the name of Lucino, & to the first 〈…〉〈…〉 Lu, is short: thereof Persius saith.

Disposite pinguem nebulam cuo∣muere lacernae.

If Lucerna had the name of Lux, the 〈…〉〈…〉 false, as Isid. saith. And the candle of the lanterne is called Licnus, and Luscinus, as he saith.

Also Lagena is a wide vessell, & hath that name of the Gréeke word Lagenis, as Isidor. saith. And commonly we call Lagena a 〈…〉〈…〉 barrell or a cestrell, and the diminutiue thereof is Lagungula, and by the kind of Lagena or of a barell, the sauor of the wine changeth, and the best Lageres or bar••••all•• be made of the tree that is called Tham••••stus, therof y^e wine taketh 〈…〉〈…〉 and vertue to〈…〉〈…〉 stop∣ping of the spl••••••, as Const. saith.

〈…〉〈…〉 or 〈…〉〈…〉, is a vessel of 〈…〉〈…〉 of br••sse, that commeth water by a 〈…〉〈…〉 & pipes, for washing of hands, and as called 〈…〉〈…〉, not onely for it is made for washing, but hath this name Labrum of Labium the lip, for ofte the wine thereof is broad and bending as a 〈…〉〈…〉 such vessells be called Luderes, 3. Reg. cap. ••. in the which priests wash the sat••••ce of the temple.

L••••••icula is a little oyle vessell of brasse or of siluer, and hath that name of Liniendo, ••y••••ing, for in such a vessell, the oyle was kept, to anoynt Kings and Priests, as Isid. sayth.

Lebis is a vessell of brasse, to séethe flesh in, and taketh blacknesse of oft bur∣ning and vncleannes, and needeth there∣fore oft scouring and wiping. C••••i met∣tall of leads and candernes, infecteth oft meate that is long kept therein.

Loculus is a purse in which m••••ery is put, as it were in a pre•••••• place, and is called also Marsupium, as Isi. sayeth.

Marsupium is a bag to put monie in, and that neede commeth of y^e Gréeke word, Marsippa.

Mulgariū is a ••••lk vessel, as Isid. saith.

Mola is a great bell déepe & round, & was so called, for all rounde things are called Mola among the Gréekes.

Nola is a lyttle bell, and hath that name of a citie of Campania that is cal∣led Nola, where such a bell was first soū∣ded, and is little, and soundeth, & is cal∣led Tinunnabulum, & the bell that is often hanged about the necke of hounde. and feete of foules and birds, as Hugu∣••on saith.

A crack is called Olla, for water boy∣leth therin, when fire is ther vnder, and vapor passeth vpward, and the ball that riseth on y^e water, & dureth by substance of the winde and aire is called Bulla.

Parupsis is a square vessel with foure sides alike. Patena is made of Dispe••lis and Patentibus lancis oris, as Isi. saith.

Patera is a manner vyoll, and hath that name, for by drinke out therof, for the 〈…〉〈…〉 euen and a twaine, as Isid. saith.

Poculam hath that name of Potan∣do, drinking: and euerye vessell y^t men vsesh to drinke of, is called Poculum.

Patella is a pan, as it were an open crocke, for a 〈…〉〈…〉 mouth, is more open than a crecke, for the mouth is as broad as the bottome, and is a vessell of brasse or lead néedfull to diuers vses.

A 〈…〉〈…〉 is called Peluis, and hath that name of Pellis, the skinne, for in it is ofte washed the skinne of feete and hand.

A boxe is called Pixus, and hath that

name of Buxes, Boxe trée, for of it ofts boxes be made: for the tree that we call Buxus. Gréeks call Pixis, and a boxe is made now of mettall and now of tree, & serueth to many diuers vses, and name∣ly to kéep and saue, and to beare lettere, electuaries, licours, powders, and oynt∣ments.

Quisquiliarium is a vessell or anye thing, in which coddes, huskes, or small chaffe is put and saued.

Sartago, the frieng pan, hath y^t name of noyse that is therein, when oyle bur∣neth therein, and is a manner pan, in the which things be fryed with chéese, with butter, or with oyle.

S••phan is vessell that hath y^t name, for blowing he casteth out water: for when houses be a fire, men of the East lands runneth with vessells full of wa∣ter, and quencheth and clenseth the same, and throweth vpward the water, as Isi. saith.

Rapatorium is a vessell, in y^e which Rapes be kept or sodden, as he saith.

Ciphus is a cup or a vessell of tree, of siluer, of golde, or of glasse, of the which we drinke or wash our handes.

A basket is called Citula, for it ac∣cordeth to those that be a thirst to drink therof, or for it thrusteth water, for now it receiueth water, and now sheddeth, for while one bucket is emptied, matter is filled.

Cithrasia is a bagge or purse, in the which wayfaring men carrie bread, and other things that they need in the way.

A basket is called Sporta, so called, because therein is bread borne and other things, which néedeth to houshold. Or hath y^t name, for it is ofte made of rods of a shrub, that is called Spartus.

Scottella is an oyle vessell, and hath that name, for it is made of leather.

Scutella is the diminutiue of Scutū, a shield; for it is lyke to a lyttle round shield, as Isidore sayth.

Scrinium is a lyttle hutch couered with leather and with nayles, in which money is kept and other preuy things. Salinum is a saler, as Isidore saith.

And euery vessell with three féete is called Trisilis, as Isid. sayth: for a ves∣sell with foure feete, is miscalled Tri∣silis.

A censour is called Thurabulam, & is a vessell of brasse, of siluer, or of gold, and is double, close beneath and open a∣boue, with manye hoales, by the which the smoke of the incense passeth out, and vpward into the aire, and serueth for to cense therewith, the two parts of it are cheyned together.

The farme is called Vencilabrum, & is an instrument is fan wish, and hath this propertie, that the light thing & vyle passeth out, and the heauie and cleane a∣bideth therein.

A bottle is called Vter, & is by craft made of leather, and hath therefore this name Vter, of Vterus, the wonder, as Isidore sayth.

Vrna is Amphora, of which it is said before in this same booke.

Vrceolus is a dimunutiue of Vrna, & serueth now for wine & now for water, but properly it is a vessell that serueth to put water in, with the which water wine is alayed at the table and feasts of Lords, & thereof Onon hath that name, for he giueth water to y^e 〈…〉〈…〉 of Gods in spousatles of Phiolagia, as tables but faine, as it said in Mac. and in Marc.

Of many other maner measures is men∣tion made in holy writ for ••••er•• misti∣call meaning, but for ensample these be let heere. Thers be also other measures of spare and of place, of the which Isido. speaketh on this w••th 〈…〉〈…〉.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Additiō.
• * 1.2

  Additiō.
• * 1.3

  Additiō.