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was some∣time in the lower cittie verie loftie and steepe, the heighth whereof afterward Simon Machabaeus abated and made plaine by the continuall labour of the peo∣ple, which he imployed heerein by the space of three yeares day and night, that the Temple alone might be higher then all other places of the cittie.
that is a place inuiro∣ned with scaffoldes and stages, capable of foure∣score thousand men, where the people were woont to behold their games, which Herod the elder first of all other builded in the field at Ierusalem with great la∣bour and cost. Wherein, to recreate the beholders, wrastlers and sword players, shewed many feates of actiuitie: and sometimes, Lyons, Leopardes, Bulles, Beares, Bores, Wolues, and other exceeding wilde and fierce beasts, fought one with another, and some∣time condemned men were cast vnto these to bee de∣uoured, and captiues taken in warre. At which time of their games, the place beneath was strowed with sand, to the end that neither the sword players should faile in their footing, nor the fighters might bee defi∣led with the bloud of the slain, nor yet that the sprink∣ling of the bloud shoulde bring horror to the lookers on.
strong and wel for∣tified, lying neere to the North side of the Temple, which was builded in time past on a high rocke fiftie cubits high, and very steepe round about, and the to∣wer was called Baris. In this the chiefe priests which came of the Machabees euen till Herods time inhabi∣ted: where in a Cell made for that purpose, the sacred stole of the chiefe priest was kept, the gouernour of the Tower lighting a candle there euery day. Herod the greater hauing gotten the kingdome, and seeing that this castle was conueniently scituat to command the Cittisens; that they might not seeke innouation
through sedition, repaired the same to his greate cost, and fortified it within with a roiall pallace, euen like a cittie, and with fower loftie towers at each corner, whereof three were fiftye cubits hie, and the fourth threescore and ten, from whence the whole temple might be seene: and for the fauour which hee bare to Marcus Antonius his frend, he called it ANTONIA In this castle the Romaine soldiors, kepte alwaies watch with their soldiors, hauing an eie and princi∣pall care least the people should worke any innoua∣tion in the Temple on the feast daies. And so the Temple belonged to the cittie, and the castle Antonia to the temple.
which wee commonly call the courte of Chauncery, or of the Roules: that is to say, a house wherein the act of the cit∣tie, and of the cittizens, and also their publike records, and the accoumpt of creditors were kepte: the which the seditious burned, the keepers thereof flying from thence to the end they might destroy all the euidence of the creditors, and ioyne vnto them all the det∣ters.
both high and strong, the which, after the slaughter of many cittizens, the spoile of the cittye and temple, and the burning of most faire houses, he builded vppon the mountaine Acra, and fortified it with stronge walles and towers, and placed a Garri∣son of Macidonian soldiers there mingling with them certaine of the most raschall fugitiue Iewes, by whom the continual sacrifice was taken away by the space of
three yeares and the citty it selfe vexed more then six and twentie yeares. But after this Simon Machabaeus wan and destroied this castle.
wherein the Apostles being shut vppe, by the rulers of the Iewes, were in the night time brought forth by the angell. Iosephus seemeth to cal this prison Betiso.
leading from the castle Antonia into the Temple, which Herod the elder made, setting a tower thereon, that by the same hee might passe priuilie into the temple, if so bee the peo∣ple intended to make any insurrection against the K. the which remaineth as yet very wonderfull & large, insomuch that six hundred horses may verie conueni∣ently be placed therein.
In Hebrew called Gasith. Which in the inner cittie was ioyned to an olde wal there∣of. Wherein were three score and tenne Senatours and ordinary Iudges, which were called of the Iewes Sanhedrim, in Greeke Synedrium, that is to saye in English, The counsell of the Elders, and Seniors of the people. These dealt in the affaires of the com∣mon wealth, gaue Lawes, and determined the doubt∣full and weightie causes, yea euen of other Citties
also, they ended strifes and controuersies, and gaue the sentence of death, generally they dealt in all capi∣tall causes, except onely in the difficulties and miste∣ries of Gods Lawe and of the Iewes Religion, the which the priestes onely determined. In this consi∣storie the Apostles were examined, whipped, and forbidden to preach, and yet went reioysing from the Councell, because they were counted worthy to suf∣fer shame for the name of Iesus. Heere it was that Saint Stephen standing before the Councell, and his countenance shining like an Aungell, lifting vppe his eies, sawe the Heauens open, and the glorie of God, and Iesus standing at the right hande of GOD, from thence hee being cast with violence out of the Citty, was stoned.
in the which Christ touched the man sicke of the dropsie and healed him.
in length one hundred cubits, in breadth fiftie, and in heigth thirtie cubits: the which Salomon builded most braue and glorious of polished marble, of Cedar trees, garnished with siluer and gold, hauing a flat roofe with walkes and galleries: (according to the fashion of Palestine) and within liuely counter∣feits of sundry trees and plants most artificially made, that the leaues thereof seemed in some sort to shake. And neere vnto the same hee planted a groue and a greene arbor, made of all manner of trees, and wate∣red with fountaines: also hee made parkes and fishe pooles, wherein it is like were all manner of wilde beastes, birds, and fishes. This house was a storehouse of meate, an armorie for weapons of warre, a house wherein ointments, paintings, and sweete perfumes were laied vppe and preserued. Beside these, two hun∣dred shields of golde for horssemen, and three hun∣dred large targets of golde for footemen which Sa∣lomon
made, were in this house by him laide vppe. Al other vessels also of this house, were of gold. To this house the king and his peeres came when the weigh∣tie affaires of the Common wealth were ended, and recreated their mindes, with banquets, with plaies, and with pleasant walkes.
which is at this day to bee seene: wherein Christ sitting at the Table, forgaue vnto Mary Magdalen the sinfull woman (bewailing her sinnes, and washing his feet with her teares, wiping them with her haire, kissing them, annointing him, and much louing him) many sinnes.
wherein they exercised themselues with dartinges & other exercises of the arme, and with feastes, with plaies and walkes refreshed their mindes.
which was in the midst of the cittie, and neere adioyning to the Castle Antonia, wherein Alexander the king of the Iewes, and the chiefe priest, crucified eight hundred Iewes, killing also the Wiues in the presence of their hus∣bands, and the children in the sight of their mothers: the which spectacle himselfe with his Concubines beheld, at what time they were banqueting in the ca∣stle Antonia. For the which crueltie he was sirnamed Crucida. In the same market place, Herod the greater, fought a great battell with the Parthians, which went
about to bring againe Antigonus into the kingdom. Furthermore when the famine through the Romane siege was exceeding great in Ierusalem, in such wife that it consumed whole families, and replenished the toppes of houses with fainting women and children, and the waies with the dead carcases of olde men (in which extremitie they did eate leather, their girdles, their shooes, hay, and mothers, their owne children) then a man might haue seene lusty yoong men which afore time were most flourishing, passe through this market place, like shadowes of dead men. And when those which remained aliue, were not able to burie the dead, by reason of theyr exceeding multitude, and could not endure the stinke of the bodies vnburied, they cast them ouer the wall into the vallies of the cit∣tie. The which when Titus sawe as hee went about the wals, full of dead bodies much putrified, he fetcht a great sigh, and houlding vppe his handes to GOD, protested that it was not his deed, for the obstinate Iewes refused peace, to them often times offered.
which Ie∣sus, the false high priest of the Iewes (who after the manner of the Gentiles would be called Iason) and o∣ther Iewes apostatas, by the permission of Antiochus Epiphan, set vp euen vnder his castle oueragainst the temple: wherein the people were taught the lawes and fashions of the Gentils, & the youth instructed in the studies and disputations of the Greeke philoso∣phers. Where they being naked and annoynted with oile, exercised themselues in feates of actiuity, in mar∣tiall actions, and in enterludes. Furthermore in the same place, the sayde Apostatas set vp EBHEBIAM, that is to say a Stewes of faire young boyes, wherein they committed most filthie thinges against nature, By reason thereof many fell from the lawe of God, to the manners and abhominations of the Gentiles, be∣ing as it were sould to commit monstrous wickednes: insomuch that some of the priests forsaking the tem∣ple and worship of God, gaue themselues to the ex∣ercise of feats of actiuity: here hence also there sprang vp among the Iewes diuers sects, namely the Phari∣sies, the Saduceis, the Esseies &c.
temple: where first the Iewes, then the Romaine sol∣diors, vpon the solemne feast days had the stations for the guarde of the temple.
OR TYLT, which was placed oueragainst the South parte of the Temple, where∣in horsses, by running, agillitie, and swiftnesse were exercised. And the wrastlers and champions did con∣tend before the people, who should rnnne swiftest on foot, with chariots diuersly drawne, who shoulde breake most speares, and in other masteries, and feares of valiencie. Where Herod the kinge for the honour of Augustus Caesar ordeined the game and prise, of fiue yeares continuance; appointing vnto the victors greate rewards. the same Herod when he should die, called all the more noble sorte of the Iewes of al places within his dominion, by an Edict threatning death to such as should not obey, and caused them to be shut vp in the Lystes, to the ende that after his death they all being there slaine, euery house might haue cause to waile euen in despight of all Iudaea.
the which in another place is called the lande of vision, and the mountaine of the temple, and the mountaine of the daughter of Sion, lying neere vnto the easte wall of the cittie, being very high, stoany, and very steepe rounde about. In this mountaine Abraham being ready to offer vp his sonne Isaac, in steede of him offe∣red vp a Ramme which was taken, by the hornes in a thicket. This was the very same mountaine which Dauid bought of Streuna or Ornan the Iebusite for six hundred sicles of goulde: and erecting an alter in his
threshing flower, he offered a burnt offering vnto the Lorde, which the fire from heauen consumed. After∣ward in the same mountaine Salomon builded vnto the Lorde a moste excellent Temple both for large∣nesse and bewtie; whereof mention shalbe made here∣after.
the which was called the olde wall, both in regard of the valleis, and a hill which was alofte aboue them, and also in regarde of threescore towers whereinto it was deuided, the which made it very defensible and strong.
which Iosephus calleth Ophlam, was a tow∣er of an exceeding height, whose top seemed to rech vnto the cloudes; it was fortified with a castle, and compassed about with a firme wal, neere vnto the Temple, notwithstanding it was without the wall, which shut off the habitation of the priests. Here∣in dwelte the Nathenims. Into this Manahemus the tyrant flying, was taken and slaine. This same was at the last burned by the soldiors of Titus.
builded by them on a very loftie place on the weste side of the Temple, from whence they which would behoulde the cittye and those things which were don therein, had a most pleasant and delectable prospect. The which kinge Agrippa afterward excedingly enlarged and made it a Courte for himselfe: from
whence out of his parlour hee might behold whatso∣euer was donne in the temple. For the which cause the rulers of the Iewes builded a very high gate betwene that and the weste part of the inner Temple, to hinder the kings prospect. This thing both kinge Agrippa, and Festus also the Lieutenant of the country tooke in very euill parte, who also commanded them to pull downe the sayde gate. But the rulers intreated, that they might haue leaue to send ambassadors to Nero the emperour concerning this matter, saying that they could not liue if any thinge were casted downe of the buildings of the temple. The which liberty when they had obtained; they sent Ismaell the cheefe priest, and Helchia the treasurer, and with them ten of their chiefe rulers. And Nero at the earnest sute of Poppea his wife, a godly woman, which shee made for the Iewes, pardoned the building of the saide gate, and permitted the same so to stand.
and of the Lieutenants of Rome, adioyning to the Gallerie, which lieth on the North side of the castle Anto∣nia: which pallace, was much more large, loftie, and fayrer, then all the buildinges of the cittye, and had an ascend or mounting, of twenty and eight steps of Marble.
Here when Christe was falsely accused, and re∣quired to bee crucified, by the princes and people of the Iewes, for (that as they sayde) hee peruerted the people, forbad tribute to be giuen to Caesar, sayde that he was Christ a King, and therfore approued him selfe a seditious person, Pilate condemned him to be whipped vnder the forme of this sentence▪ which was
found in a most ancient chronicle, as followeth, Iesum Nazarenum virum sediciosum, et Mosaicae legis con∣temptorem, per pontifices et principes suae gentis accusa∣tum, expoliate, ligate, et virgis caedite. That is to saye, Take ye Iesus of Nazareth accused by the chiefe priestes and rulers of his owne Nation to bee a man sedicious, and a contemner of Moses Lawe, strip him, binde him, and whyp him. Whereupon the soldiors of Pilate led him into the Iudgement haule, stript him before the whole band of soldiors and other people, tied him to a piller, beate him most cruelly with roddes, and rent and tare his most tender body. After this, they put on him a purple robe, platted and in forcible manner, broided on his head a crowne of sharpe thornes, de∣liuered into his right hand a reede, and in scorne salu∣ted him as a kinge bending the knee before him, ma∣ny waies mocked him, they did spit on him, they did buffet him, and strike him vpon the wounded heade with a reede.
which Salomon most royally builded of precious and polished stones, for the habitation of his wife which was Pharaos daughter.
exceeding greate and fayre, the which hee builded in thirtene yeares magnificently and moste sumptuously on the south parte of the mount Moria, of bright marble, and ce∣dar trees, supported with many pillers, for his owne habitation: this he wonderfully garnished with gold and siluer round about, and made all the vessels there∣of of gold. In the same place afterward, the Christian
kings of Ierusalem had their pallace, where first began the order of the Templers.
compassed about with deep trenches, & towers; the which was builded on the west part of the cittie, by the Christian inhabi∣tants of a towne in Italie belonging to the Pisans, at what time they had the dominion of the holy lande. Where first the Pisans, after them the Saracens, and now the Turkes, do exact of the pilgrims of the holy land sacrilegious tribute.
which king Eze∣chias made in the midst of the cittie at the North side of the temple. For he brought into the cittie the waters of this fountaine, from the higher fountaine of Gition, by conduct pipes which were vnder the earth, and made them to issue forth in this fountaine. This fountaine he compassed about with a wel to water the whole cittie, that the people in time of siege might not be distressed with the want of water.
that is to say ye sheep poole, wherein the sheepe and other beastes were washed that were appointed for sacrifice. In Hebrue it is called Bethesda, (and corruptly Bethsaida) that is to say, the house of effusion because the raine waters ran into the same. It was situate betwene the gate of the valley and the temple. It was the largest and most principall poole or water of the whole cittie, hauing fiue porches, which king Salomon made for the ser∣uice
of the Temple. And this Iosephus calleth Salo∣mons lake or Poole. For in this poole the Nathe∣nims washed the oblations which they deliuered vnto the priests to be offered in the Temple. The Water heereof was moued at certeine times by the Aungell of the Lord, and who so after the stirring therof went first into the water, he was healed, whatsoeuer disease he had. And therefore there lay a great multitude of languishing people in the porches thereof, as blinde, lame, withered, waiting for the mouing of the water. Among which number Christ healed a man which had languished thirty and eight yeares.
together with a Ri∣uer, which issuing out of the same runneth through the whole Cittie into the brooke Cedron.
and portch with gates, by which men went from the gallerie, and from the Castle Antonia, ouer the valley of Cedron into the Temple, the which at the first the fauorites of Aristobolus a∣gainst Pompei, and afterward the seditious against Flo∣rus, cut off, least by the meanes of the Castle Anto∣nia, the Temple should be gotten.
so named, because men might ride so farre as that place: but then leauing their horses, they went on foote into the temple. At the which place began the habitations of the priests.
scituate before Sa∣lomons pallace, the which was fiftie cubites long, and thirty cubites broad, and supported with strong pillers.
called Probatica, where sheepe, oxen, and other beastes for sacrifice were sold in the open market.
si∣ster of king Agrippa, who with her brother at Cae∣saria heard Paules supplication before Festus. And af∣terwards paying her vowes to God at Ierusalem, shee came bare foot before Florus sitting in his iudgement seat tyranizing against the cittisens, whom she besee∣ched in vaine as concerning them.
the neece of Izata kinge of the Adiabens, which she built for her selfe. Wherein afterward, Ihon the Captaine of the seditious abiding, lefte there his mony and spoiles of tyranny.
which exalted it selfe in the middest of the mountaine Acra. She being the Queene of the Adiabens which dwelt be∣yond Euphrates, was conuerted from Gentilisme, to the religion of the Iewes, and came to Ierusalem, to dwell. Where she being become a Christian, at what time that greate famine, (whereof Agabus prophesi∣ed) in the dayes of the emperour Claudius, pinched the whole world, but specially the land of Iudaea, this good Queene (I say) at her proper costs and charge sent for great store of corne out of Egypt which shee distributed among the poore and needy at Ierusalem.
Iose. 13. ant 9. & 6. bel. 6. 7, & bel. 13, 16.
Iose. 15, ant. 10.
Ios. 15. ant. 14. & 18.
Ant. 8.
Item. 1. bel. 3, & 4. 16, & 6. bel, 6 & aliâs sape.
Iose, 2, bell. 17. &. 7. bel 13.
Iose.:12. ant. 6.
1. Mac. 1.
Dan. 8. 11. 12.
Act. 4, 5.
Iose. 6. bel. 6.
Neem. 3.
Iose. 15, ant 14.
Breid. 14.
Iul.
Iosep. 6, bel. 6, et, 7 be. 13.
Exod. 18.
Hier. to, 3. epist. 25, ad. Fabiol.
mars. 11.
Num. 11.
Deu. 17
Actes 4, 5
Actes 6, 7
Iosep. 2. bel. 17.
Breid. 26,
Iul. Sal. to. 8. cap. 6
Iac, vitri. cap. 58
Luke. 6
Breid. 14.
Iul.
Sal. tom. 8 cap. 6
4 king. 11
Neem. 3
Luke. 14
3, kin, 7, 10
2. Par. 9
Isai. 22
Iosep. 18 ant. 5. 6, 7.
Hier. to. 3 epist. 33 ad Suniam.
Eccles. 2
Luk. 7.
Ieremy 39
Iose, 13. ant 20. &. 1. bell. 3.
Iose. 14, ant 22. item. 1. bel. 7. & 11:
Iose. 6. bel. 14. & 7. bel, 7. & 8.
Acts 12.
Euseb, 2. hist. eccle. 9
Neceph, 2. hist. eccl 12.
Neem. 3.
1 Mach. 1. and 2.
Mac. 4.
Lyra in Neem. 3.
4. King. 11.
Ioseph. 20.
Ant. 15.
Ios. 15, ant 10. & 17. ant 9. 10.
Gen. 22.
Mich. 3.
1 Mach. 13 & 16.
Isa. 10. 16.
Iosep. 15. ant 14. & 6. bel. 6.
1, Cron. 21.
Iose. 6, bel, 6 7, &c.
2. Cron. 27. 23.
1. Mac. 13.
Iose. 17, ânt 14.
Psal. 37, et. 72.
Isa. 1, 50▪ 53, 63.
Math. 27.
Mar. 15.
Luk. 23.
Ioan. 18.
Breid 21. Iul. Sal. tom 8. cap. 7.
3 Reg, 7. 9.
Cro. 2. 8. 9.
3 kin. 7, 10
Sal. to. 7. cap. 1.
2. Reg, 20.
2 Cron. 32.
Eccles. 48▪
Iohn. 5.
Sol. to. 8. cap. 5, 6.
Isai. 22.
Iese. 7, bel. 24.
Iose. 14.
Ant. 8, et 15.
Ant. 14, et 1. Bel. 5.
Item. 2, bel 15, 16, &c.
Neem: 12
Lyran, in Neem. 3
Ios. 6, bel, 6
Zach. 14
3 king. 7
Ioh, 5.
Act. 25. 26.
Ios. 2, bel 15 16, et, 17.
Ios. 5. Bel. 9
Ios. 20, ant. 2. & 6. bel. 7 & bel, 13. Euseb. 2 hist eccle. 12.
Acts 11.
Ios. 6, bel. 7.