The history of Herodian, a Greeke authour treating of the Romayne emperors, after Marcus, translated oute of Greeke into Latin, by Angelus Politianus, and out of Latin into Englyshe, by Nicholas Smyth. Whereunto are annexed, the argumentes of euery booke, at the begynning therof, with annotacions for the better vnderstandynge of the same historye.

G.

Galatians, are those whiche enhabit the realme of Galatia, which is in Asya, betwene Bithinia & Capadocia, as sayen Plinye in the laste chap. of hys fyfth boke, and Ptolome in y^e fyrst Table of Asye. The same Realme is called also Gallogretia, and the peo∣ple Gallogreci: because, that when the Gaules came

to the ayde, and succour of the kyng of Bythynie, they helde and possessed that part of the Royalme. Where∣fore it is so named, as wryteth Sabellique.

Gallus a Ryuer. Looke on theyse wordes Goddesse Pesynuntyne.

Ganymedes was Son of Tros king of Phrigia, who had Issue, Ilus, Assacus, and Ganimedes. The Fa∣bles surmise (which is the most cōmon opinion) y^e Iu∣piter rauished Ganimedes for his beauty, by an Egle. But Sabellique in the .x. boke of hys fyrste Enneade, sayth, y^t Ganymedes the Son of Tros, was rauished by Tantalus kynge of Paphlagenie, to abuse hym. Whereby there arose great warre, betwene the two kynges. And it is most lyke, that being very yonge, he was iniuriously rauished by Tantalus, vnder y^e signe of the Egle, were the battayles fought vpon the land, or Sea. Whych hath bene cause of the inuentiō of the Fable, that sayeth that the Egle, by ordynaunce of Iupiter, rauyshed hym.

Gaule or Fraunce. Cesar in his commentaries saith, that Gaule is deuided into thre partes, wherof y^e Bel∣ges helde the one, the Celtes another, and the Aqui∣tans inhabited the thyrd. The Aquitans are seperated frō the Celtes, by the Ryuer of Garumna. The Cel∣tes are sequestred from the Belges, by the Ryuers of Marne and Seyn. And the Belges are sundred frome the Almaignes by the Rheyn. In the which diuision, Gaule Narbonique is not comprised. Ptolomee in hys fourth Table of Europe, and in the chapyters of the same, dothe deuyde Gaule into foure partes: ap∣poyntynge Gaule Aquitanyque, to extende as farre as the Ryuer of Loyre. And from Loyre, to the Ry∣uers of Seyn, and Marne, is Gaule named Lugdu∣nensis. And from Seyn, vnto Rheyn, Gaule Narbo∣nique extendeth it selfe, vnto the Sea Mediterrane∣an, beyonde the Alpes, and the Ryuer Varus, vnto the Pyrrhenyan Mountaignes. Gaule the rounded,

or otherwyse called Lumberdye, is in the Lymytes of Italye, and is the same countreye, whyche is na∣med Liguria, nexte vnto the Alpes, and the Sea. All the other Gaule, or Fraunce, is called Gaule bering bushe. Gaule Narbonique, was before tyme named Brachata, as sayeth Pliniie, in the thyrde boke, and the fourth chapyter.

Goddesse Pesynuntyne, is y^e same that Cicero in hys bokes of the lawes, calleth the Moother Idea, whyche is the selfe same, that the Romaynes name the Moo∣ther of the Goddes, and doo greatlye reuerence.

Liuie in the .ix. booke of hys seconde warre Pu∣nique, sayth that they founde in the Sybyline bokes, (whyche were perused and redde ouer, because of the often raynynge of stones the same yeare) that when so euer anye straunger, and forreyne enemye, shoulde moue warre agaynste Italye, he myghte be vanquys∣shed, and expelled thence, yf the Moother Idea were transported to Rome, from a fyelde of Phrigia named Pesinus. The whyche to do, the Romaynes sent fiue Ambassadours, wyth fyue greate shyppes, called Cynqueremes, to Atalus king of Asie. Who led them to the place called Pesynus, delyuered them the holye stone, whych the inhabitauntes there, called y^e Moo∣ther of the Goddes, and appoynted theym to carye it vnto Rome. It was receyued at the Hauen of Ho∣stia, by Publius Scipio, beynge iudged at that tyme, the worthyest manne in all the Cytye, to do the same, caryed vnto Rome, and sette in the Temple of Victo∣rye, wythin the Palayce, the .xiij. daye of Apryll, whyche was celebrated, and solempnyzed wyth fea∣stes, and gyftes, that the people in greate aboundance offered vnto the Goddesse. Whych playes the Romay¦nes called Megalesia.

The same Goddesse is called Ops, whome they sup∣pose to be y^e wyfe of Saturne, called Rhea, by the why∣che they vnderstande the earth, that geueth affluence and abundaunce of all thynge.

She is otherwise named Cybele, of the name of a Hyl and cytye, of Phrigia where her sacrifyces were fyrst instituted. Or she is called Cybele, of Cimbals, which signifyeth the Instrumentes, and Soundes, they vsed in the sacryfyces. The Poetes sayen, that she roade in a Chariot, and had a crown of Towers: wherby they sygnyfye, that the earthe hangeth in the ayre, and the world tourneth alwayes rounde aboute and that the earth hathe vpon it Cytyes, and Townes, wherein be Towers.

She is called Moother of the Goddes, because she en∣gendreth all thyng. She is also called Pales, for y^t she is y^e Goddesse of sheperdes, & her feastes are called Pa¦lilia. And she is also surnamed Berecinthia, of a moū∣taygne of Phrigie called Berecynthes. Accordyng to the diuersytye of her names, she hath dyuers powers, dyuers sacryfyces, and dyuers ministers.

Vnder theyse names, Cybele, Berecynthia, Goddesse Pesynuntyne, & Moother Idea, because they came of names of places in Phrigia, from whence thys Goddesse was broughte to Rome, is no diuersitie of puyssaunce sygnified.

Thys Goddesse hathe Priestes, and Ministers, called Galli, by the name of a Riuer, named Gallus in Phri¦gia. The water wherof, causeth theym to be mad that drynke it. Those Priestes be gelded, who beyng stur∣red wyth madnesse, noddynge theyr heades, vp and downe, wyth great noyse of small Belles, whych they caryed, did prophesye, and tell of thynges to come, in that madnesse. They were otherwyse called Cor∣ybantes.