Maison rustique, or The countrey farme· Compyled in the French tongue by Charles Steuens, and Iohn Liebault, Doctors of Physicke. And translated into English by Richard Surflet, practitioner in physicke. Now newly reuiewed, corrected, and augmented, with diuers large additions, out of the works of Serres his Agriculture, Vinet his Maison champestre, French. Albyterio in Spanish, Grilli in Italian; and other authors. And the husbandrie of France, Italie, and Spaine, reconciled and made to agree with ours here in England: by Geruase Markham. The whole contents are in the page following

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Title
Maison rustique, or The countrey farme· Compyled in the French tongue by Charles Steuens, and Iohn Liebault, Doctors of Physicke. And translated into English by Richard Surflet, practitioner in physicke. Now newly reuiewed, corrected, and augmented, with diuers large additions, out of the works of Serres his Agriculture, Vinet his Maison champestre, French. Albyterio in Spanish, Grilli in Italian; and other authors. And the husbandrie of France, Italie, and Spaine, reconciled and made to agree with ours here in England: by Geruase Markham. The whole contents are in the page following
Author
Estienne, Charles, 1504-ca. 1564.
Publication
London :: Printed by Adam Islip for Iohn Bill,
1616.
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Subject terms
Agriculture -- Early works to 1800.
Hunting -- Early works to 1800.
Cite this Item
"Maison rustique, or The countrey farme· Compyled in the French tongue by Charles Steuens, and Iohn Liebault, Doctors of Physicke. And translated into English by Richard Surflet, practitioner in physicke. Now newly reuiewed, corrected, and augmented, with diuers large additions, out of the works of Serres his Agriculture, Vinet his Maison champestre, French. Albyterio in Spanish, Grilli in Italian; and other authors. And the husbandrie of France, Italie, and Spaine, reconciled and made to agree with ours here in England: by Geruase Markham. The whole contents are in the page following." In the digital collection Early English Books Online. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A00419.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed May 13, 2024.

Pages

CHAP. III.
Of plants comming of stones.

FOr your plants of stonie kernells, as of Oliue-trees,, Cherrie-trees, Plum-trees, Almond-trees▪ Peach-trees, Chesnut-trees, Pomegranat-trees (if so be that Pomegranat-trees be rather to be reckoned amongst them which haue stone-kernells, than amongst the other which haue the soft kernells) Abricots, and Date-trees; you must drie the stones, as they come fresh out of their fruits, which you meane to set in the ground at such time as the Sunne is not v••••ie sharpe, and in the shadow thereof: and see that it haue beene seeped in milke or vvater three or foure daies before, and then thrust it into the earth. But this must not be done but in the beginning of Winter, that so they may first breake forth in the Spring; for and if you put them into the earth before Winter, they may also sprout and put forth before it come, and so finding them young and tender when it commeth, may preuaile against them to kill them, they not being able to resist the rigour and rough••••esse of the cold and frosts. But and if for your auoyding of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 labour, you will grat them in their nurcerie, that is to say, in the place where you first 〈◊〉〈◊〉 them, and where they haue put forth, without remouing of them to any other place, then se in eueri hole, three, foure, or fiue stones: and if all of them spring

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spring vp and take root, yet you must let none but the fairest stand and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to grat vpon in the place, and as for the rest, they would be pulled vp and remoued in∣to some other place.

In what season soeuer it be that you set your stones, yet see to it, that the ground be good, and digged verie deepe, but put much small dung amongst it, either alone, or mingled with dust gathered out of the high waies, and see them three fingers within the earth, and halfe a oot one from another, watering them three times euery mon••••••, especially in Summer when it falleth out drie, and weed them once a moneth. Espe∣cially see they be set in a faire soile, and open vpon the Sunne, if so be you would 〈◊〉〈◊〉 a well-ed and pleasant-tasted fruit: for otherwise, if you set them in a shadowed place, though it be of a good soyle, indeed the fruit may be faire to looke to, but 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ynough to eat. When the stones are set, and haue taken sooting, and are become 〈◊〉〈◊〉 what preily fed, pull them vp about Aduent which you mind to transplant, and breake off the points of their roots, and strip them of all their branches, before you set them downe againe in their new appointed standing: and know, that a double re∣moue doth make the wild to become free conditioned and better, bringing vnto them great aduantage.

And as concerning particular properties belonging into euerie stone, and how it must be set, it is to be knowne, that grosse Nuts, all manner of Peaches, wild Figge, Almonds, Chenuts, small Abricots (but especially and most singularly well the bran∣ches) becommeth free and reclaimed, being set of a stone, foreseene that they find as good and as faire a soyle, as the trees enioy from whence the fruit of the said 〈◊〉〈◊〉 were taken.

The stone of the Peare-Plum-tree must be set in a cold place, a foot deepe in the ground, the point downeward, euerie one a foot from another, and this in Nouem∣ber in high places, and in Ianuarie in low places.

The stone of the Iuube tree must be set after the manner and fashion of the stone of the Peare-plum-tree, but it is long and slow in growing out of the earth.

The stone of the plum-tree must be set a fat ground, a foot deepe, and that in No∣uember and Februarie, and they are to be remoued the same time of the yea•••• making their holes and pits neither too wide, nor too deepe.

The stones or nuts of the Pine-tree must be set in cold places, in Februarie and March, or about the fall of the Pine-apple, or shortly after, in pits well digged and of a good mould: the apple may not be broken by violence, or with any 〈…〉〈…〉 to get out the kernell, but you must attend till it be opened, and set vpon 〈◊〉〈◊〉. And the Pine-nuts must be steeped three daies before you set them, and then you must set seuen together. Some lay them in little baskets, and cut them when they are sprung up. They need no remoue, but and if you do remoue them, you must look in the taking of them vp, that you hurt not the chiefe and principall roots.

Small nuts and plums of all sorts, peaches the small and great, and great abric••••••, in whatsoeuer good ground and pleasant soyle their kernells be set, yet they grow not altogether like vnto the fruit of their trees whereof they were gathered: and there∣fore they delight rather to be grafted vpon their young stockes.

The stone of the Date, which bringeth forth the Date-tree, must be set the great 〈◊〉〈◊〉 downeward, two cubi•••• deepe in the earth, and in a place enriched with Goas 〈◊〉〈◊〉, and the sharpe side vpward: it desireth to be watred daily, and that there should 〈◊〉〈◊〉 yeare be salt sowne about it, and withall it must be remoued.

The seeds of Limons, Citrons, Oranges, Assyrian Citrons, and such like, as 〈◊〉〈◊〉 bin said in the second Booke, must be prickt downe vpon beds well prepared & 〈◊〉〈◊〉 about the moneth of March, & the sharpest end downward, halfe a oot 〈◊〉〈◊〉 from another, and a finger and a halfe deepe in the ground: they loue to be much 〈◊〉〈◊〉 after, when they are growne a foot high, remoue them to the foot of some wall, op•••• vpon the South: and in Winter, when the time is hoarie, couer and fauour th•••• in such manner as wee haue spoken of in the second Booke. As much may be said of Pomegranat kernels, and Bay-berries, as you may vnderstand by the second Booke.

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Pistaces doe require greater diligence and delight to be sowne; as well the male as the female, in a verie fat ground and vvell ared, the backe turned to the East, and this abou the first day of Aprill: and at the same time of the yeare you may gra•••• them vpon themselues, notwithstanding that some doe graft them vpon the almond-tree.

The peach stone would be set presently after that the fruit is eaten, there remay∣ning still some small quantitie of the lesh of the peach about the stone: and for the longer lasting and keeping of it, it loueth to be grafted vpon the Almond-tree.

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