| Title: | Palisade; palissade; hedgerow |
| Original Title: | Palissade |
| Volume and Page: | Vol. 11 (1765), pp. 788–789 |
| Author: | Louis, chevalier de Jaucourt (biography) |
| Translator: | Ann-Marie Thornton [Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey] |
| Subject terms: |
Gardening
|
| Original Version (ARTFL): | Link |
| Source: | Russell, Terence M. and Anne Marie Thornton. Gardens and landscapes in the Encyclopédie of Diderot and D'Alembert : the letterpress articles and selected engravings. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1999. Used with permission. |
| Rights/Permissions: |
This text is protected by copyright and may be linked to without seeking permission. Please see http://quod.lib.umich.edu/d/did/terms.html for information on reproduction. |
| URL: | http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.did2222.0002.233 |
| Citation (MLA): | Jaucourt, Louis, chevalier de. "Palisade; palissade; hedgerow." The Encyclopedia of Diderot & d'Alembert Collaborative Translation Project. Translated by Ann-Marie Thornton. Ann Arbor: Michigan Publishing, University of Michigan Library, 2013. Web. [fill in today's date in the form 18 Apr. 2009 and remove square brackets]. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.did2222.0002.233>. Trans. of "Palissade," Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers, vol. 11. Paris, 1765. |
| Citation (Chicago): | Jaucourt, Louis, chevalier de. "Palisade; palissade; hedgerow." The Encyclopedia of Diderot & d'Alembert Collaborative Translation Project. Translated by Ann-Marie Thornton. Ann Arbor: Michigan Publishing, University of Michigan Library, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.did2222.0002.233 (accessed [fill in today's date in the form April 18, 2009 and remove square brackets]). Originally published as "Palissade," Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers, 11:788–789 (Paris, 1765). |
Palisade: palissade: hedgerow, a type of fence made from pales driven into the ground to form a paling, which is used in place of a small ditch at each end of a newly planted avenue to prevent carriages from damaging the young trees.
Garden palissade: a row of trees which are leafy at the bottom, clipped into the shape of a wall, and set on each side of an allée or against the wall of a garden. Hornbeam palissades grow the tallest and form the most continuous wall, low hedgerows are made from hornbeams, yews, box, etc., and shoulder-high hedgerows are made from jasmine, pomegranates, and especially phillyrea which is particularly suitable for medium hedgerows. There are also banquette hedgerows, which are never taller than 3½ feet: they may be used to conceal allées without blocking the view over the garden. They may be interspersed with trees or elms shaped into balls.
In general, the height of a palissade should be two thirds the width of the allée. If they grow any taller, they make the allées seem narrow and sombre. In order to be perfect, they should be green right down to the bottom, and when their leaves have been shed one can compensate with yews supported by a small trellis fence. Palissades are usually clipped so that they drop down vertically on both sides.
Palissades are used: 1. to cover enclosing walls, conceal unpleasant views, and open up others; 2. to correct and redeem slants in the land and bends formed by walls; 3. to enclose bosquets, cloisters, and other garden compartments which ought to be separate; 4. to cover the supporting wall of a terrace; 5. to form niches for the ornamentation of fountain jets, statues, or vases; 6. lastly, to form portiques, covered walks, and arcades.
A palissade which is raised at intervals above shoulder height in the manner of crenelles, such as the one bordering the ornamental lake known as the Ile Royale at Versailles, is called a ‘crenellated’ palissade. [1]
To clip a palissade is to trim it using a billhook (a type of scythe).
Notes
1. Le Nôtre’s Ile Royale was, together with the smaller Miroir d’Eau, with which it formed a single ensemble, set in an ornamental grove called the Bosquet de l’Ile Royale. It was laid out in the far west of the gardens in order to drain a marshy area. At the beginning of the nineteenth century it was replaced by an English garden called the Jardin du Roi (Pincas, 1996, pp. 190-95).