The plate captions and some of the legends have been translated. The rest of the legends have been assigned to a translator and will appear in due course.

Plate I: Chain Maker

Plate II: Chain Maker

Plate II. Making of chains for clockwork .

This work requires a very great number of different operations, to wit: 1, punching the holes; 2, filing away burrs; 3, repunching the holes; 4, punching out the links; 5, making the hooks; 6, making the pins; 7, pinning the links; 8, evening the chain; 9, filing the chain and truing the links; 10, tempering and annealing the chain; 11, polishing it.

We have illustrated all these operations in the following figures, and explained them in detail in the article Watch, which see .

The chain consists of three pieces: links, pins, and hooks.

Figure 1. ab , a link; ef , link, top view; AB, link, perspective.

Figure 2. Side view of the chain and the outer links. A, hook.

Figure 3. Hinge-like structure of the chain, top view.

Figure 4. Method of pinning the links together.

Figure 5. Hinge-like structure of the chain, perspective view.

Figure 6. Clock chain with five links, top view.

Figure 7. AB, die; CD, punch.

Figure 8. Punch, perspective view.

Figure 9. Die, on which the filed surface of the strip is laid.

Figure 10. Wooden hole-punching block BD, in the vise; A, punch, with hammer; at , the strip to be punched.

Figure 11. Various devices used in punching links. FG, small bed plate caught in a vise; DE, die pressed into a slot in the bed plate; AB, punch; ef, punch arm; bg, cutter secured to arm ef ; L, boss at the head of the cutter.

Figure 12. Method of punching holes in hooks.

Figure 13. Tool for punching hooks.

Figure 14. Steel wire for pins.

Figure 15, 1. Method of tapering the steel wire for pins. ABG, pincers or tongs; EF, screw for clamping the jaws of the pincers; GH, pin wire; K, piece of bone or boxwood with a notch for the wire while turning it and filing the taper.

Figure 15, 2. [1] Method of pinning the links. eE, hook; cd , CD, pins; gh , GH, links.

Figure 16. Links and hook with a pin, in the vise.

Figure 17. Links and hook with a pin, in the vise, with tweezers ABC.

Figure 18. Links and hooks with pins in the jaws of the cutter.

Figure 19. Same as in Figure 18, but showing the small recesses an, an , left for the heads of the pins to fill; A, pincers; an, an , links and recesss; bb , pin.

Figure 20. Method of heading pins into recesses.

Figure 21. Chain making continued: inserting link k between assembled links gh .

Figure 22. Truing the chain. AB, truing file; DN, cross-section of file; EF, EF, handles.

Figure 23. Method of filing the sides of the chain. AB, filing rod in the vise; B, hook of the filing rod; CD, common file.

Figure 24. Method of filing the edges of the chain. AB, small round file in the vise; B, knob of round file.

Figure 25. Removing burrs and correcting the chain. CD, smoothing file; C bg , groove where the chain is placed; AB, fine flat file.

Figure 26. Method of truing the links. DF, truing file, in the vise; ab , cross-section of truing file; bf , cross-section of the correcting file.

Figure 27. AB, blade of a common burin, used as a file.

Figure 28. Tempering and annealing the chain. Chain wrapped around pipe A.

Figure 29. Polishing the chain. AB, wooden piece called a square .

Figure 30. Hook attached to spring barrel. AB, portion of circular cross-section of the barrel; b , hook.

Figure 31. Hook attached to fusee. DG, portion of the circumference of the fusee; a , small pin for the hook.

1. Figures from here on (Plate III?) lacking (translator's note)