capacity for the treatment of syphilis cases was far larger than that found in any other institution of like character, there was urgent need for additional bed space. Accordingly, the construction of a special ward was authorized in 1917. It was of temporary character, however, and was used only until the new Hospital was completed, when more satisfactory quarters for the clinic became available.
Special clinics and research programs. — From time to time there have been additions to the facilities of the Hospital in the way of special clinics and research programs developed in co-operation with different members of the medical faculty. Among these are to be noted new clinics in allergy, arthritis, cancer, and the Clara Ward Seabury clinic in infantile paralysis.
A sensitization clinic organized in the basement of the old Contagious Hospital grew into a much larger clinic after it was moved to the new Hospital. General interest in allergy, at first a subject of doubt and ridicule, was increasing, and an allergy clinic was developed within the Department of Internal Medicine under the direction of Dr. John Sheldon.
In 1936 a teaching clinic for the study of malignant growths was created through the combined efforts of all the professional departments of the Medical School. The work has been correlated with nuclear research carried on with the physics and the roentgenology departments, with financial support from the Rackham Fund.
The arthritis clinic was organized in 1935 at the suggestion of Dr. Sturgis and Dr. Badgley to co-ordinate various methods used in the Hospital for treatment of arthritis. Three years later a trust fund of $1,000,000 was established by the Rackham Fund for the furtherance of research in this field. This support resulted in the development of an arthritis unit in the basement of the Hospital, with Richard Freyberg in charge.
A gift of $8,000 from anonymous donors in 1937 made possible the establishment of a memorial clinic to Mrs. Clara Ward Seabury for the study of infantile paralysis. This research clinic was placed under charge of Malcolm H. Soule, Professor of Bacteriology and Chairman of the Hygienic Laboratory.
Several services directly related to the clinics, and functioning in co-ordination with them, are the pathological diagnostic service, the clinical laboratories, the Department of Anesthesia, the Hospital Pharmacy, and the dietetic, physical therapy, and blood bank services.
Pathology. — The pathological service was first organized in 1900 under Aldred Scott Warthin, at that time Chairman of the Department of Pathology. Under his administrative direction it was enlarged, and offices and laboratories were provided for it in the basement of the new Hospital. This service gave ample proof of Dr. Warthin's assertion that in a single year the Hospital's clinical material covers almost the entire range of practical diagnostic pathology and gives the Hospital a unique teaching and research value quite different from that of the ordinary city hospital. When Warthin died in 1931, he was succeeded by Carl Vernon Weller.
The growth of the clinical laboratory and of the consultation services coincided with the emergence of the Hospital as one of the outstanding medical centers of the country. In March, 1928, Dr. R. L. Kahn was made Director of Laboratories and Assistant Professor of Clinical Bacteriology and Serology. His researches and clinical tests have been internationally recognized.
Anesthesia. — In 1919 Miss Laura M. Davis, the anesthetist of the Hospital, organized a course for graduate training in anesthesia. She continued as director
