The theory of determinants in the historical order of development, by Sir Thomas Muir.

DETERMINANTS IN GENERAL (CATALAN, 1846) 39 the theorem gives 1 1 1 1 ==(-1)34A z=4. 1 -1 -The other illustrations all concern determinants of the special formi afterwards knowvn as "ceirculants "; f or example, C( - 1, 1, 0(1, 1,..., 1, 0, 0), etc. They therefore fall to be dealt with in a different place. SARRUS, P. F. (1846). [Finek-, P. J. E. Elements d'Alge'bre. Seconde edition. iv +544 p'ages. Strasbourg.] In the c ourse of his discussion of the solution of a set of linear equations with three unknowns, the author interjects the following paragraph (No. 52, p. 95): "Pour calculer, dans un exemple donn6, les valeurs de x, y et z, M. Sarrus a imagin6 la me'thode pratique suivante, qui est f ort inge'nieuse. D'abord oni pent calculer le de'nominateur, et 'a cet effet oil ecrit les coefficients des inconnues ainsi a 1) C a' b' c a/' bl/ c"l On re'pete les trois premiers a b c et les trois suivants a' b' c'. Actuellenient partant de a, on prend diagonalement du haut en bas, en descendant 'a la fois d'un rang, et reculant d'autant 'a droite, ab'c": on part de a' de me'me, et on a a'bVc; de a", et onl trouve a"bc'; on a ainsi les trois termes positifs (c'est-a-dire 'a prendre avec leur signes) du de'nominateur. Onl commence ensuite par c et descendant de me'me vers la gauche on a cl/a", c'bVa, C~ba', on les trois termes negatifs (Qu plut6t les termes qu'il faut changer de signe)." This " methode pratique " or mnemonic is the original form of the so-called " regle de Sarrus " which came later to have unnecessary prominence given to it by writers on determinants when dealing with those of the third order.* *The date 1833 has been assigyned to this 'A1 rule " in a recent German text-book on determinants (Weichold's), but without adducing any evidence.

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The theory of determinants in the historical order of development, by Sir Thomas Muir.
Author
Muir, Thomas, Sir, 1844-1934.
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Page 39
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London,: Macmillan and Co., Limited,
1906-
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Determinants

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"The theory of determinants in the historical order of development, by Sir Thomas Muir." In the digital collection University of Michigan Historical Math Collection. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/acm9350.0002.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed June 22, 2025.
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