Elementary arithmetic, with brief notices of its history... by Robert Potts.

19

XVII.
1. If 5 per cent. be lost by selling a horse for ~38, at what price
must 3 others, which cost each the same as the first, be sold in order
to gain 10 per cent. on the whole?
2. Paper money is at a discount of ~20 per cent. A man buys
goods marked ~6. 10s. (paper money) and tenders that sum in gold.
How much paper money must he receive in change, 5 per cent. being
allowed for present payment?
3. A labourer saves 2- per cent. weekly out of his earnings, which,
in money, were 15s. a week. In consequence of a strike his wages
were raised 2s. a week, but he found his cost of living, with his
weekly payment to the trades' union, were increased in the ratio of
7 to 6: find how much his yearly savings were increased after he had
joined the trades' union.
4. How much stock must be sold out of the 3 per cents at 92|- to
pay a bill of ~515 nine months before it becomes due, discount
being allowed at the rate of 4 per cent. per annum?
5. If a cask of 142 gallons of wine purchased ten years ago for~70 was found to have lost a quart each year by leakage and evaporation; at what price per gallon should the wine be sold to clear 10 per
cent., allowing interest on the purchase-money at the rate of 5 per
cent. per annum?
6. A horse bought for ~88 sells for ~110; what is the gain per
cent.? If bought for ~110, he had been sold for ~88, what would
have been the loss per cent.? If the rates of loss and gain differ,
explain why they differ.
7. Bought a quantity of goods for ~150 ready money and sold
them again for ~200 payable ^ of a year hence; what was the gain in
ready money, allowing discount at 41- per cent.?
8. If goods be sold on the condition to allow 10 per cent. discount,
if payment be made at the end of 6 months; what discount ought to
be allowed if payment be actually made (1) three months before, and
(2) three months cfter the stated time, if money bear interest at 5 per
cent. per annum?
9. A person purchases goods at 6s. per pound Troy weight and
sells them again by Avoirdupois weight; at what rate per ounce must
he sell so as exactly to reimburse his outlay?
XVIII.
1. If an ounce of gold be worth ~3. 17s. 10-d., and if silver bo
worth 5s. 2d.; what is the relative value of gold and silver?
2. What is the value of a talent of silver, if silver be worth 5s.
per oz., and a talent consist of 1000 shekels, each weighing 219
grains?
3. A wedge of gold is worth ~150 at the rate of ~3. 17s. 101-d.