Elementary arithmetic, with brief notices of its history... by Robert Potts.

28
2X 29 X 4
guinea. 5. '07 of ~2 10s.: 'i-1472663... of I moidore. The fraction 7X119X5
when reduced to a decimal, will be the required decimal of ~1 4s. 3jd. 6. 23,04
of one farthing:: of one farthing. 7. -02 of half-a-crown: -23 of ~1: -583 of
of 6s. 8d.: *1 of ~5: '36729... of ~7 2s. 11d. 8. The one is simply the reverse
of the other. The value of -017460975 of ~10 13s. 4d. is 1-00250073s. 10. -925,
of ~750.
13. 1 florin =- of ~1: 1 cent= ~ of 1 penny: 1 mil=- of 1 penny.
s. d.
4 florins=-8 0
7 cents =1 44
5 mils = 0 1
9 6
It may be questioned whether the advantages of the decimal division of money,
weights, and measures could compensate for all the inconveniences which wouldl
arise on a departure from the established usage of a country. It has been
truly remarked that "decimal arithmetic is a contrivance of man for computing
numbers, and not a property of time, space, or matter. Nature has no partialities
for the number ten, and the attempt to shackle her freedom with it, will for ever
prove abortive."
XVI.
1. ~1'5516. 2. ~;01319010416. 3. ~1-303075. 4. ~1 Os. 6-12734375d. 5.
21'4015625 crowns. 6. ~1 2s. 6d. 7. 36 of ~1. 8. 000625 as a divisor is
equivalent to 1600 as a multiplier. 9. Express the dividend and divisor in the same
units; the quotient will indicate how many times the latter sum is contained in the
former. 10. '0144 of a farthing.
XVII.
1. 2n7d.: ~1 8s.: ~3 13s. 8ToW4- d.: ~1 12s. 3d.: ~6 7s. 81-d.: Is. 10-2-dr
2. ~7 17s. 6d.-=' -'381of ~20 12s. 6d. 3. ~2 16s. 58~id. 4. 319731... of~1.
5. 7~d. -. 6. ~4946... 7. ~-00040217...: 127s. is contained 1-9557... times
in ~1249. 8. Between 145 and 146 farthings.
XVIII.
1. 64-836 rupees. 2. 2-13 francs. 3. ~10 15s. 4. The disadvantage will
appear from the fact that the direct remittance gives 684374 marks, but by Lisbon,
Genoa, and Amsterdam, 76595k,5 marks.
XIX.
1. - ounce ='1271b. Troy. 2. 7dwts. 14} grains: lloz. 9dwts. 2-9grs. 3. 3220
grains. 4. 29. 5. ~1 2s. 6d. 6. 4-l.O grains.
XX.
1. Since loz. of silver is worth 5s. 6d., 4dwts. of silver is worth 15s. And
since loz. of gold is worth ~4 5s., -Vx-dwts. of gold is worth 15s. But 92-5+7-5 =100,
and 91'+ 5 or 7+ =1, that is, 7 of the weight is gold, and,9 silver; which
and - +100 -I =1, Wu WUV Wu W —
parts together will be found to be 7lldwts.
2. ~1 sterling weighs -a of an ounce Troy of English standard gold. This is to
be converted in French standard gold, then this French gold into its equivalent value:
in francs.
XXI.
1. '1047675... of lcwt. 2. The fraction is |i', which when reduced to a