The Language of the Modhupur Mandi (Garo), Volume 2

3.512 See

mik-brak-mik-brak adv. seeing ahead of time, seeing early, as when someone comes from a distance.

mik-mel-a, mik-on mel-a vi. see badly, see unclearly, out of focus.

mik-on an-dal-a vi. see badly, (lit. eyes dark).

na-a vi. appear, show up, turn up, of people, fruit at the market, etc.; become visible; rise, as sun, moon; erupt, come out, swell up, of skin diseases, pimples, etc.

na-du-ret-a vi. appear in part but not fully, of the rising sun or moon, of the sun coming from behind clouds.

na-prot-a vi. come through, appear through.

nik-a vt. see, dream about. vi. look like, have the appearance of. -nik- aa. look upon, consider, regard: chon-nik-a feel small, feel inferior, have an inferiority complex; dal˙-nik-a look up to, respect, see as large; nom˙-nik-a appear to be easy; nam-nik-a like, love, see as good; seng˙-nik-a show off, act smart.

nik-dik-a vt. ugly to look at; catch sight of, see briefly, see unexpectedly, see someone who does something bad, catch in the act, as a thief.

nik-et-a vt. see at a distance.

nik-mal-a vt. see each other regularly, as of two people who work regularly together, as lovers.

nik-man-a vi. notice, discover, notice the absence or presence of something.

nik-rik-a vt. see something that is moving, see in passing.

pil-ip-pil-ap nik-rik-a adv. catch a glimpse of.

sik-nang-a vt. catch in the act, as a thief or adulterer.

3.514 Watch, Search, Stare

nem-a vt. look for, search.

nem-mik-brang-a vt. look past, not notice, miss seeing.

ni-a vt. look at; watch, test, try, attend to with one of the senses: kin-a-e ni-bo listen!; rim˙-e ni-a feel.

ni-bru-a vi. see poorly, not want to see, not try to see.

ni-chak-a vt. watch for someone or something, look for someone; wait for someone, of a midwife waiting for a baby, of participants in a sacrifice waiting for the priest to return to the house.

ni-chol-wi-a vt. peek, sneak a look.

ni-gak-a vt. stare at.

ni-git-chi-a vt. see unintentionally, catch sight of; look at something bad, as seeing someone who is very sick.

ni-ket-chi-a vt. look to one side.

ni-mik-brang-a vt. look around without seeing, look past, not notice, miss seeing.

ni-on-a vt. look down, bend down to look.

ni-pak-a vt. look at on the way, look at in passing.

ni-pang-pil˙-a vt. twist around to look backwards, look over one's shoulder.

ni-pil-a vt. look back, look over one's shoulder.

ni-rik-a vt. watch someone leaving.

ni-so-a, ni-su-a vt. wait for, look out for.

ni-tat-a, ni-dat-a vt. stare at.

ni-tim-a vt. watch attentively, continuously.

ni-wat-a vt. stare at, look at nothing else.

san-di-a vt. look for, search: gim-a-ko san-di-a look for something lost.

3.516 Show

bik-kot-a vt. show, reveal, as showing hands from the sleeve; extract, excavate, dig up, as root crops; take apart; discover, find out.

jak-si-ot-a vt. point to, point out, show.

nik-dil-et-a vt. show where something can be seen.

pin-ik-a, pin-ik-et-a vt. show, point to, point out.

3.531 White, Light

bok-a vi. white.

bok-chi-dim-dim-a vi. very white. bok-chi-dim-dim adv.

bok-chi-gam-gam adv. clean and white, very white, of cloth, paper.

bok-chi-jam-bok-chi-jam, bok-chi-jam-jam adv. thoroughly white, clean and white.

bok-chi-pal-pal adv. very white.

bok-dim-dim-a vi. very white.

bok-jam-jam adv. clean and white, as cloth, paper.

bok-ku-ku-a vi. pure white, completely white: bok-ku-ku adv.: kin-i bok-ku-ku dak-jok hair has turned completely white.

bok-nel-a vi. fade, of colors; whitish, somewhat white, dirty white.

bok-pal-pal adv. pure white, very white, clean and white, of cloth, paper.

bok-rim-it adv. pale colored, pale green, pale rose.

gang-gip-bok adv. somewhat white, off white, light colored, gray, even darkish gray.

gip-bok, gip-bok-a, bok-a vi. white, light colored.

gip-bok-rong-rong adv. pure white.

3.532 Warm Colors

gang-git-chak adv. somewhat red, reddish, dark red.

gang-rim-it adv. somewhat yellow, yellowish; occasionally blue or green.

git-chak, git-chak-a vi. red; by extension: reddish brown, orange.

git-chak-gip-bok adv. pinkish, salmon colored, (lit. red-white).

git-chak-mrang-a vi. reddish, such as the color of middle-sized tiger ( mat-cha) that is neither striped nor spotted; color of the sky at sunset. git-chak-mrang-mrang adv.

git-chak-rim-it adv. orange, (lit. red-yellow).

git-chak-rong-rong adv. bright red.

git-chak-sri-sri adv. very red, bright red.

han˙-git-chak, an˙-git-chak n. light complexion but light within the local range rather than pale like Europeans, (lit. body-red).

hol-di, hel-di, ol-di, el-di n. yellow, turmeric colored, turmeric. <B

reng-rim-it adv. yellowish, yellow mixed with other colors.

rim-it, rim-it-a vi. yellow; by extension: light brown, orange-brown, green, occasionally blue.

rim-it-jrang-jrang vi. completely yellow.

rim-it-jri-jri adv. bright yellow.

rim-it-rim-it dak-a adv. yellowish.

3.534 Cold Colors, Black

gang-gi-sim adv. blackish, any dark color; or any cool color, even if light.

gi-sim, gi-sim-a, sim-a vi. black; by extension: any cool color, even blue or green; any dark color.

gi-sim-mrang-mrang adv. blackish, blue, green.

gi-sim-pru-pru adv. very black, pure black.

han˙-gi-sim, an˙-gi-sim n. dark complexion, (lit. body-black).

ko-e-ri n. dark brown, purple. <B

niil n. blue. <B

sim-chi-rik-rik adv. pure black.

sim-chi-ru-ru adv. pure black; smooth, shiny but not bright.

sim-dim-dim adv. dark appearance of trees and shrubs as seen from far away and therefore looking dark.

sim-kel-tong-a vi. very black, of people, dogs, etc.

sim-ku-ak-a vi. very black, of people, dogs, etc.

sim-pru-a vi. very black, pure black, like the soot on pots; very dark, of people, dogs, etc.; very dark complexion. sim-pru-pru. adv.

sim-rik-a vi. dark, blackish, ash gray, dark blue, dark green. sim-rik-sim-rik adv.

tang-sik-a vi. green colored, greenish; not yet dead, of plants.

3.538 Color: Mixed, Patterns

bok-ku-bok-ku adv. incompletely white, white here and there, as graying hair, a powdered face.

bok-sim-bok-sim adv. mixed white and black.

brem-brem, brim-brim adv. mixed colors as in a striped, checked or plaid pattern, baskets made with both dark and light strips.

bren-tak-tak, bren-tik-tik, brem-tak-tak, brem-tik-tik adv. of mixed colors, with spots of varied colors or a delicate pattern, especially when seen from a distance.

brim-brim, brem-brem adv. of several colors, as in a striped, checked or plaid pattern, baskets made with both dark and light strips.

brim-kong-tok, bring-kong-tok, brem-kong-tok adv. mixed colors, as red, white, black, etc., as a tiger, a three-colored dog.

bring-chang-tok adv. having mixed colors.

chang-bok-a vi. mixed colors but including some white, of cloth, some animals; a bamboo decoration where part of the green surface is scraped away from both sides of the nodes.

kong-brim adv. of mixed colors, having several different colors, as black, white and red, of a tiger or dog.

kong-tok-a, kong-brim-kong-tok-a vi. mixed colors, as in a lunggi pattern. kong-tok-kong-tok adv.

mat-cha-ki-brin-a vi. black mixed with gray or white, of hair, (lit. mixed tiger dung).

pu-ta-pu-ta adv. in drops, spotted, like a leopard.

re˙-em-re˙-em adv. having a small pattern, as the creases in one's skin.

rik-en-rik-en adv. a zigzag pattern; wrinkles of the skin; uneven, pitted.

sal-chrit-a vi. striped, as striped cloth, as a tiger.

si-a vi. echo in tok-a si-a spotted.

tok-a vi. spotted, as a leopard or a pattern on cloth. vt. apply a spot, as colored cosmetic forehead spot, blood on an altar, flour spots on walls at festivals.

3.539 Color: Other

gip-bok gi-sim dak-a adv. in black and white, not colored.

mik-brok-a vi. dull, faded; fade, loose color, loose initial shine or glaze, grow dull.

na-gap-a vi. match, of clothes; get along, of people, (same as mel-i-a).

pit-nek n. any of various impure, often muddy colors: off-white, tan, gray, brown, dirty pink, dirty yellow, lightly colored, faded.

rong n. color, variety, type; suit in cards. <B

rong rak-a vph. be permanent color, strong color.

sol-srim n. medium complexion within the local range, neither very light, nor very dark in complexion.

tang-si-ru-ru, tang-sik-ru-ru adv. fine bright color.

3.554 Bright, Light (cf. 5.425 Shine, Flair Up)

ja-seng-a vi. light, opposite of dark, as a room with windows; clear up, become light, as from lamps or at dawn.

jrang-a vi. be light, in contrast to darkness; become light, of twilight, moonlight, when clouds clear up, when lamps are turned on; burn up strongly, of fire, lamps.

mik-brap-a vi. be dazzled by bright light, get into the eyes, of bright lights.

mik-brap-it-a vt. shine on, dazzle someone: ang-a nang˙-ko lait net-e mik-brap-it-a shining a light, I dazzle you.

mik-chret-a vi. be dazzled from brightness.

mik-dat-a, sal mik-dat-a vi. dazzled with glare, blinded by getting the sun in the eyes: na˙-a lait net-e ang-ko mik-dat-it-a shining a light, you dazzled me.

pang˙-si-ri-ri adv. beautiful, the way the world looks in the bright moonlight.

sal ding˙-a vph. sunlight, as opposed to shade.

seng˙-a vi. bright, brilliant, shine, grow light as at dawn; alert, smart, clever.

3.556 Shine

ching˙-a vi. shine, not necessarily brightly, of sun, moon, fire, candles, flashlight, TV screen, gold; light up, flame up.

ching˙-brap-a vi. shine brightly, of hurricane lamp, lightning, fire, shiny metal.

ching˙-chet-ching˙-chet, ching˙-chret-ching˙-chret adv. shine like a TV screen or reflections in metal, like oily hair; flicker, sparkle.

ching˙-chot-ching˙-chot adv. shine, shiney, like a TV screen, pig fat, beautiful cattle.

chret dak-a, chret-chret dak-a vph. shine suddenly, as the sun coming from clouds, a flashlight turned on; flare up, of a match, etc.

jil˙-au-a vi. flare up, of a fire; flash lightning.

jil˙-jeng jil˙-jeng adv. shiny, flickering, of a TV screen, pig fat, beautiful cattle.

jing˙-jang-a vi. shine, flash, of lightning, shiny metal, a mirror.

jing˙-jet-jing˙-jet adv. flicker, as reflecting metal, jewelry, a TV screen.

net-a vt. turn on, shine, with a light, candle, burning sticks, etc., in order to see; shine on, illuminate: lait-cha net-e ni-ing-a, chau˙-kok-ko see the thief by shining a light.

ni-dat-a, sal ni-dat-a vt. bright sun, (lit. the sun stares).

ni-tat-e dong-a, sal ni-tat-e dong-a, ni-dat-e dong-a vt. shine on strongly, (lit. the sun stares).

ri˙-rau-ri˙-rau adv. flashing, of lightning, of reflections from a tin roof, the surface of water, a TV screen. ri˙-rau-a vi.

rik-rak-a vi. reflect, shine, of a mirror, tin roof, metal, water, TV. rik-rak-rik-rak adv.

ring-rang-ga-rang adv. flicker, of reflections in metal, a TV screen, water; shaky, wobbly, of a rocking boat, a bamboo bridge; flutter, of leaves; restless, constantly moving, of people.

teng˙-a vi. shine.

3.558 Dark, Dim, Shade, Shadow

an-dal-a vi. be dark, dark of the night, of a closed room.

dim-il-a adv. dim, not bright: dim-il-e ching˙-a shine dimly.

ja-gring n. shadow, reflection in a mirror or water.

mre-o-mre-o adv. faintly, dimly, not bright, of a fire: mre-o-mre-o ni-a see dimly, as a sick or dying person might see.

sal-ik-kim n. shade, as offered by a tree, house, etc. sal-ik-kim-a vi. be shady, become shady.