2. ORI's predecessor office, the Office of Scientific Integrity (OSI), made similar findings of scientific misconduct under the same PHS regulation from June 1989 to May 1992: 10 for plagiarism, 5 for falsification, 9 for falsification and fabrication, and 1 for other misconduct). The author's 1996 J.I.E. paper on these OSI plagiarism findings compared them with plagiarism findings and actions by the United States' National Science Foundation (NSF).