The Sulu Archipelago and its people, by Sixto Y. Orosa ...

TIHE LONG FEUD WITH SPAIN

31

A defensive earthwork or "cotta" on the island of Jolo. The intrenched Sulus
would fire through the bamboo tubes.

In 1862o Moharmmed Pulalun, who had been sultan
since 1844, was followed by his son, Janalul Alam.
Alam proved to be an able administrator, and he introduced several reforms.
Sulu was finally occupied in 1876 by Governor-general Malcampo, who used some 9000 troops and considerable artillery in besieging the well-fortified town of
Jolo. The use of steamboats, against which the Moro
vintas proved ineffective, made it possible to stop the
importation of guns and ammunition by the Sulus,
The Sulus fought to a finish, but they were overwhelmed
by the invaders. Not only Jolo, but almost all the other
important fortified places were destroyed.
Jolo was occupied by a garrison consisting of two
regiments of infantry, one company of artillery, and one
company of engineers, under the command of Captain
P. Cervera, who was designated as politico-military