The Philippine Islands, 1493-1803; explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the Catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commericial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the beginning of the nineteenth century; [Vol. 1, no. 51]

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THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS

[Vol. 5 I

speedy suppression of the constitution."' This session of the Cortes closed on June 30.
The preliminary meeting of a special session was
held on September 22, 1821, at which the above two
Philippine substitutes were approved.'72 Camus y
Herrera was one of a committee chosen on the twenty-third, to inform the king that the Cortes was ready
to open the session, which accordingly was opened
next day. On November 4, the Philippine government and governor were arraigned by representative Lallave of Veracruz for electing only four instead of the twenty-five representatives to whom they
were entitled. Discussion of this matter resulted in
the Cortes directing the Minister of Ultramar (February II, 1822), that the Philippines, notwithstanding claims of distance and poverty, were to elect their
whole quota to Cortes. At the secret session of February 12, 1822, it was decided to allow Arnedo and
171 Each university was to have a public library, a drawing
school, a chemical laboratory, cabinets of physics, natural history,
and industrial products, another of models of machines, a botanical garden, and an experiment farm. Theuniversity to be established in Manila was to have theological and law courses for the
doctorate. Manila was also to have a medical school, a school
for veterinary medicine, a school of fine arts, and commercial and
nautical schools. Professorships were to be filled by competition,
and those for the Philippines were to be examined by persons designated by the Subdirection of Studies in Mexico. Girls were
to be taught to read, write, and cipher; while the older female
students were to be taught the work suitable to their sex. This
matter of education for girls was left to the provincial deputations.
172 On the twenty-third there was a discussion as to the legality
of the substitutes for the representatives of Ultramar being allowed
to hold over; and it was finally declared that only those for the
Philippines and Peru could sit during this session.