A survey of the educational system of the Philippine islands by the Board of educational survey, created under acts 3162 and 3196 of the Philippine Legislature.

GENERAL ADMINISTRATION

523

The Department of Public Instruction is the sole executive department provided for by law. The Vice-Governor is the Secretary of
Public Instruction and the head of the public-school system. He is
charged by law with supervision of private education; and is chairman of the Board of Regents of the University. He is appointed by the
President of the United States.
BUREAU OF EDUCATION.-The largest division within the Department of Public Instruction is the Bureau of Education. This Bureau
administers the public-school system for all grades below the university.
For the relation of the divisions of this Bureau to each other and for the
number and distribution of its personnel in the central office at Manila,
see Fig. 27. The chief of this Bureau is the Director of Education.
Like all other directors and assistant directors in the Philippine Government, he is nominated by the Governor-General subject to the confirmation of the Philippine Senate. The Council of State also exerts an
influence upon educational administration through the requirement that
every appointment to a position carrying P3,000 annually must be approved individually, naming the person involved. This proviso covers
every administrative position and many of the high-school positions in
the Islands.
According to statute, the Bureau of Education comprises all officials.
and teachers in the entire public-school system outside the University
of the Philippines. Outside the central office, whose personnel is given
in detail in Fig. 27, these numbered 26,379 on December 31, 1924.
That part of the Bureau of Education outside of the central office in
Manila is generally referred to as "the field." The work in the field
is administered by division superintendents. The larger number of
these are assigned to provinces which correspond to the states within
the American Union or to counties within a state. Others of these
superintendents on a special assignment have charge of particular
schools supported and administered by the Insular Government.
The following quotation from the Twenty-third Annual Report of
the Director of Education, published in 1923, described "the field" and
its relation to the Central Bureau. It also gives the interpretation of
the nature of the central control held by the Director of Education at
that time. The statistics in this quotation have been changed so as to
bring the figures up to date for December, 1924.
Field Organization.-In the field, there were in December, 1924, 49 school divisions
and 4 Insular schools administered by division superintendents, 38 of whom were
Americans and 15 of whom were Filipinos.