A survey of the educational system of the Philippine islands by the Board of educational survey, created under acts 3162 and 3196 of the Philippine Legislature.

HEALTH AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION 457
MEDICAL INSPECTION 1 IN MANILA.-Medical inspection in Manila
has been developed better than in the provinces. There is a larger
proportion of defective cases in Manila than in the provinces (Table 50)
and the chief of general inspection has been eager to strengthen the
work in this city. The Annual Report (1923) contains the following
recommendations, which have never been acted upon, to the Municipal
Board:
1. That the number of nurses for school inspection work be increased from 7 to 14
in order that there may be one nurse for every 4,000 pupils. The present nursing
staff is insufficient for the 55,341 students enrolled in.the city public schools during
this year.
2. That the salary of these nurses be fixed at P60 a month, with P40 for subsistence
and quarters, in order that the services of efficient nurses may be secured. This would
be in accord with the standard of salary fixed by the Welfare Board for the nurses.
The work in Manila is divided into two districts: North of Pasig
River, and South of Pasig River. Table 49 shows the records (1923)
for these two districts.
TABLE 49.-MEDICAL INSPECTION IN MANILA, 1923
umber Number Number Number
District Number Number defects of treat-of opera of chilDistrict in school examined foefd ments tions - dren
found I tions J
given cured
North of Pasig River................ 42,111 27,523 19,368 43,741 646 a886
South of Pasig River.............. 13,230 a26,606 b19,513 14,668........ a243
Total.................... 55,341 54,129 38,881 58409...............
a Each pupil in South of Pasig River District was examined twice.
b It was found that 61 per cent of the pupils had defects, 48 per cent had defective
teeth, 6 per cent had skin infections, 6 per cent had eye diseases, and 1 per cent had defective hearing.
e Counting 60 per cent as a reasonable basis from which to estimate the number of
children in Manila with defects, it will be seen that on this basis 33,204 children are defective
and that, with only 1,129 cured, the effectiveness of the treatments was 3.4 per cent.
The discovery of defects is only the first step in the process of caring
for child health. It is relatively unimportant to know how many
children were examined, and how many were found defective; the
significant thing is how many were treated. Since the purpose of this
part of health supervision is to correct the defects existing among school
children, the effectiveness of health supervision is to be judged in terms
of successful treatments. Table 50 shows relation between defects
reported and treatment given.
1The term "medical inspection" is used to describe the type of health examination
performed by medical officers of the Philippine Health Service. Health Supervision
is a more inclusive term.