A survey of the educational system of the Philippine islands by the Board of educational survey, created under acts 3162 and 3196 of the Philippine Legislature.

452 EDUCATIONAL SURVEY OF THE PHILIPPINES

(3) Research is concerned with the records of physical, mental,
and moral development; the effects of different programs; the selection
and adaptation of activities for special purposes; the hazards and handicaps of life in the tropics that have meaning for physical education;
discovery, adaptation, and study of the games and recreational forms
among different groups of Filipinos; and other equally essential fields
of investigation.
HEALTH EDUCATION
GENERAL STATEMENT.-Health education may be defined as "the
sum of experiences useful in promoting vigorous health." To restrict
the scope of health education to health instruction only is a mistake.
Children learn by ways other than by didactic instruction. One important phase of health education is the acquisition of proper attitudes.
Many of the desirable health attitudes are only to be secured through
supervision and provision of sanitary equipment.
Instruction in health habits relies for its ultimate effectiveness upon
cooperation between the school and home. This very fact broadens the
term health education to include certain supervisory and cooperative
functions such as home visitation by school nurses and by teachers, and
the programs and activities of Parent-Teachers Associations. Children
acquire health knowledge, health skills, and health attitudes through a
variety of experiences. Some are acquired in the morning inspections;
some in the physical examinations; some in the use of clean and sanitary
toilets; some in the eating of wholesome food; some in classroom instruction. Most of the knowledge comes through instruction; most of
the skills and attitudes flow from the experiences which should be essentially supervised experiences. But it is all health education, of which
there are two aspects: health supervision and health instruction.
SUPERVISION.-Supervision includes supervision of the child by
health examination, the school plant by sanitation, and the curriculum
by the hygiene of instruction. The principle is quite generally accepted
today that the educational process should not injure health. Moreover, the child should be essentially more vigorous and become a better
citizen physically because of the kind of care, activity, and instruction
given to him during his school days. The school is everywhere taking
over many functions previously performed by the home. The health
care of the child is in harmony with this tendency.
SUMMARY OF THE WORK IN HEALTH SUPERVISION.-Filipino
children in the schools suffer from many physical defects. Of the
1,200,000 children in public schools, the following table (Table 48)
taken from annual reports of the Director of Education gives the