A survey of the educational system of the Philippine islands by the Board of educational survey, created under acts 3162 and 3196 of the Philippine Legislature.

408 EDUCATIONAL SURVEY OF THE PHILIPPINES
is evident from the fact that at no time in the history of the system
have over five per cent of the elementary-school teachers been specifically
trained in complete normal-school courses. This situation has resulted
from a number of causes. In the early stages of the development of

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Fig. 23
the school system it was due to the fact that no trained teachers were
available. To establish elementary schools at once, even under untrained, not to say unschooled teachers, was judged more important
than to await the provision of means for training teachers and thus