A survey of the educational system of the Philippine islands by the Board of educational survey, created under acts 3162 and 3196 of the Philippine Legislature.

ELEMENTARY EDUCATION 281
TABLE 20.-PRESENT OCCUPATIONS OF THE 254 LIVING GRADUATES OF TWO
INTERMEDIATE TRADE SCHOOLS FOR THE YEAR 1920-1924
Attending high school........................ 116 Sanitary inspectors.............................. 4
M unicipal teachers.............................. 38 Fishermen..............-....................... 3
Not known................................ 15 Philippine Constabulary................... 2
Clerks................................ -. 12 Automobile driver...........................
Farmers....................................... 11 Barber................................. I
Merchants.............................. - 11 Building construction...................... I
Laborers....................................... 7 H ouse boy................................... I
Shop teachers................................... 6 M agician..................1...................... I
Carpenters............................................ 5 M unicipal President.......................... I
Messengers....................................... 5 Student, M anila Trade School........
M echanics...................................... 5 Third mate.-.............1................ 1
Attending special schools............. - 5 United States Army............................
This does not necessarily mean that the work of these schools is poor,
but that their work is not adapted to the needs of the communities in
which they are located. The markets for various kinds of skilled
workers may be so changing that marked modifications in the distribution of certain kinds of school courses are required.
6. In some forms of work now presented in the schools there seems
to be a need of revision to avoid waste of, time. Several sections a day
of twelve students each on certain days do "housekeeping" in the usual
type of domestic-science houses. There is work enough really required
to keep one girl busy perhaps three or four hours. What are all of
these twelve girls in each of these sections doing to put in all of the
time? Yard improvement is another subject in which great waste of
time may be occasionally observed. In gardening also, the plots which
the pupils have do not always consume all of their time profitably.
Here is time that might be employed in presenting some of the important
subject matter relating to the principal phases of these occupations-the
related agricultural science, geography, and marketing problems.
7. The commercial phase of the industrial work, once of fundamental importance in its development, seems to have reached a point
where it is in danger of resulting in the exploitation of children. Boys
and girls are found in the schools continuing to make baskets or trays
or lace or embroidery after they have learned quite completely how to
do the work and after they have become quite skillful in it. The
reasons assigned are usually that this kind of work is required for the
year, and that the products are being made to sell. Orders are often
taken for amounts of work which cannot be accomplished without
using more than the allotted school time for industrial work. The rate
of payment for much work is so very small that it evidently could not
be used as a means of earning a livelihood. By some means, a rather
general notion seems to prevail that much of the industrial work is pre