A survey of the educational system of the Philippine islands by the Board of educational survey, created under acts 3162 and 3196 of the Philippine Legislature.

278 EDUCATIONAL SURVEY OF THE PHILIPPINES

have an intelligent, sympathetic, and just attitude toward all. The
value realized by this kind of study may be called a social value.
From all of the industrial work and the related studies along these lines,
we should be led to appreciate the dignity and worth of industrial work
and to take pride in doing our share. The hand work is one very
important means of making these meanings real and vital to us. Mere
study about industries will not do this.
There are, then, health values, economic values, art values, social
values, and moral values in the study of the industries. All of these
are measured by the real difference the studies make in our selection,
use, and care of industrial articles and products, and the way we act
and think relative to the industrial work and problems of ourselves and
others.
THE VOCATIONAL PURPOSES are those having to do with producing industrial articles and supplies as a means of making a living.
This includes the development of the special constructive skills of a
particular industrial occupation. It also includes the development of an
intelligent understanding of the other problems of the occupation-of the
materials; the land, producing plant, and equipment; the problems of
cost in capital and upkeep; and the problems of marketing or disposing
of products. Vocational education and training should provide for
making an intelligent and efficient producer, equipped to meet all of
the conditions required to make him successful in his occupation as a
producer and citizen.
It is certain that, in achieving both kinds of purposes, the hand work,
whatever its form, should be supplemented by related study of industrial geography, arithmetic, applied economics, art and design, and
general science. One's intelligence about the industries and their place
in life as well as his productive skills must be developed.
THE PRESENT SYSTEM MEASURED BY THESE PURPOSES
The present system is efficient to a very high degree in developing
productive, manipulative skills in whatever it undertakes. Standards
adopted have been those of first-class commercial production. Cooking, housekeeping, gardening, home projects in poultry and pig raising,
and yard improvement have represented definite kinds of practical procedure which children have learned and by which the life of thousands
of homes has been directly improved. To many children technical
training has been given to a degree that would enable them to enter the
particular field in which they have been trained as efficient employees
or independent producers in sewing, embroidery, lace making, cooking,
basketry, furniture making, drafting, gardening, and perhaps some
other fields. On the side, then, of developing manipulative skills in