A survey of the educational system of the Philippine islands by the Board of educational survey, created under acts 3162 and 3196 of the Philippine Legislature.

ELEMENTARY EDUCATION

275

saved could be used advantageously for reading. It is also believed
by the members of the Commission that the industrial period in the
third and fourth grades could be shortened without jeopardizing the
value of the work suggested for these grades. It is recommended that
the period of thirty minutes in the third grade and forty-five minutes
in the fourth grade be given to this work.
DRAWING
The Survey Commission recommends that the drawing period be
discontinued in the primary grades. Much of the drawing work now
done under the supervision of the teacher can be accomplished at seatwork periods. The use of drawing in these periods will make necessary a careful assignment and a check-up of the work. The drawing
should be closely related to the rest of the school work and to the needs
and interests of children. When this relationship is established children
will display an interest in drawing quite out of proportion to that which
they exhibit at the present time. If the child is to do object drawing,
the teacher should ask questions which will cause the children to see
the essential characteristics of the object as to size, form, color, position.
After the period she should see that these points have been observed.
If the drawing is to be an illustration of a story, then the children
should decide in their own minds what scenes, characters they will
try to represent. At the end of the period, good points in the drawings
should be discussed by the, children and points for improvement noted.
The ability to illustrate should be developed and not, as is often the
case, be allowed to remain stationary.
The type of drawing which is closely related to the industrial work
should be done during the industrial period. For suggestions, see the
paragraphs on Free-hand Drawing, Mechanical Drawing, and Art
Education.
Music
In general, the work in note singing which was observed appeared
satisfactory. The children sang the songs with enthusiasm using soft,
true tones. The more closely the songs are related to the experiences
of children the better.
t INDUSTRIAL SUBJECTS IN THE SCHOOLS
GROWTH AND PRESENT STATUS OF THE INDUSTRIAL WORK IN THE
PHILIPPINE SCHOOLS
Perhaps there is no feature of the development of the schools more
unique or of more far-reaching value than the industrial work. In
sewing, lace making, embroidery, basketry, and related forms of weav