A survey of the educational system of the Philippine islands by the Board of educational survey, created under acts 3162 and 3196 of the Philippine Legislature.

ELEMENTARY EDUCATION 221
340 is given a complete list of the specifications of the work of the
principal. The mere recital of the topics covered by the 64 paragraphs
leads to the conviction that the principal is inhibited from becoming a
real leader of teachers.
The list of his duties follows:
Principal:
Accountability, funds Pupils, misconduct
Admission pupils Pupils, punishment
Admission pupils, irregular Pupils, transfer
Change of Record equipment, municipal
Duties, responsibilities Record school funds, special
Examination, duties Reports, list
Examinations, oral Reports to division superintendent
Examinations, supplies for Responsible cash sales
Fabricated articles, lists Responsible industrial record book
Inventory, annual Responsible property
Invoices industrial articles Responsible school improvement
Meetings, educational Sales industrial work
Postage, municipal treasurer Sales supplies
Prices industrial articles Trade schools
Property lost, relief Transfer, inventories
Property, municipal, care of Vaccination
Property transfers
The one sentence quoted in the foregoing paragraph is the only
direct reference to the responsibility of the principal for classroom instruction. Every other statement is an admonition to guard property,
to make reports, to manage discipline, to examinations, to admit and
transfer pupils. The conclusion is clear and direct: the principal is a
clerk, a routine worker, an office person. The Academic Division, from
which he derives his inspiration, direction, and support, has made him
into a clerical worker. Other sections of this report of the Commission
reveal the general office itself to be dominated by attention to clerical
routine instead of pervaded by a driving interest in educational leadership. The Academic Division has cut the principalship out of the
same cloth and to the same pattern that it has utilized in designing its
own functions and organizing the machinery for their performance.
Loading him down with a staggering amount of clerical detail the
general office has not furnished him with an adequate amount of clerical
assistance. The result is that he seldom, almost never, supervises the
instruction of his teachers.
CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT
In the intermediate school, the problems of classroom management
are of several types. Among these are: the provision for pupil participation in class work; the stimulation and direction of pupil initiative
in forms of study and recitation; the use of materials and equipment,
such as library or reference books, maps, globes, exhibits, blackboards,
and the like; the use of time to avoid waste and to adapt the dis