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Glasses; Wayne Thiebaud

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Title: Glasses
Artist: Wayne Thiebaud
Artist Life Dates: (active Mesa, California, 11/15/1920 - )
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: 1971
Accession Number: 1983/1.326
Medium and Support: lithograph on paper
Artist: Thiebaud, Wayne
Artist Nationality: American

Bird, from the portfolio "Recent Etchings II"; Wayne Thiebaud

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Title: Bird, from the portfolio "Recent Etchings II"
Artist: Wayne Thiebaud
Artist Life Dates: (active Mesa, California, 11/15/1920 - )
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: 1979
Accession Number: 1995/2.28
Medium and Support: aquatint and etching on paper
Artist: Thiebaud, Wayne
Artist Nationality: American

Pie; Wayne Thiebaud

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Title: Pie
Artist: Wayne Thiebaud
Artist Life Dates: (active Mesa, California, 11/15/1920 - )
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: 1963
Accession Number: 2000/2.267
Medium and Support: ink on wove paper
Artist: Thiebaud, Wayne
Artist Nationality: American

Breakfast; Wayne Thiebaud

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Title: Breakfast
Artist: Wayne Thiebaud
Physical Description: A color print of a table set with breakfast foods. Two sunny side eggs and three strips of bacon are on a plate on the left side of the table while a knife and fork are rolled in a napkin to the right of the plate as well as a small plate with a pastry. Behind the plate starting at the left is a small plate with butter, a plate with toast, a glass of milk, and a cup of coffee.
Artist Life Dates: (active Mesa, California, 11/15/1920 - )
Object Creation Date: 1995
Accession Number: 2012/1.278
Medium and Support: color dry point print on paper
Artist: Thiebaud, Wayne
Artist Nationality: American

Leeuwenhoek and the "Little Animals", from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Leeuwenhoek and the "Little Animals", from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Antony van Leewenhoek, draper of seventeenth-century Delft, Holland, in his spare time retired to his "closet" to observe the wonders of the microscopic world through tiny lenses he laboriously ground and mounted. He was the first to report having seen "animalcules" - protozoa and bacteria - and to confirm by direct observation circulation of the blood. Though 200 years elapsed before practical application of his discoveries contributed to medicine, his work laid foundations for modern medicine's tremendous century-long onslaught against diseases caused by bacteria and other microbiologic entities - a world-wide campaign which has resulted in saving of millions of lives.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.15
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Medicine in Ancient Egypt, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Medicine in Ancient Egypt, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: An Egyptian physician of the Eighteenth Century (1500-1400 B.C.), clothed in clean white linen and a wig, as became the dignity of his status, is confronted with a patient having symptoms of lockjaw (described in an ancient scroll now known as the Edwin Smith papyrus). With sure, sympathetic hands, the physician treats the patient, who is supported by a "brick chair." Directions for treatment appear on the scroll held by his assistant. Specially trained priests observe prescribed magico-religious rites. Egyptian medicine occupied a dominant position in the world of the ancients for 2500 years.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.1
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

The Code of Hammurabi, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: The Code of Hammurabi, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: The clay tablets of ancient Mesopotamia document the practice of medicine as early as 3000 B.C. Of significance to medicine, too, is one of the oldest regulatory laws, the Code of Hammurabi, promulgated by that Babylonian ruler about 2000 B.C. In a Babylonian throne room, a physician is defending with dignity his professional practices against the complaints of a dissatisfied patient who seeks invocation of the drastic penalties of the Code. The King, the scribe, court attachés, guards, priests, friends of the plaintiff and of defendant, comprise the cast of the critical drama of law and of medicine 4000 years ago.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.2
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Trephining in Andient Peru, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Trephining in Andient Peru, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: On the dry, sun-swept Pacific coastline of the Paracas peninsula, a first-century Peruvian surgeon is beginning a trephining operation with the aid of knives of glass-hard obsidian, a crude plant narcotic, cotton, and bandages. Assistants immobilize the patient, and a priest seeks supernatural intervention throuh incanations and prayers as the slow and highly hazardous operation proceeds. Peru was the center of intensive practice of trephining in the New World, where the operation (opening of the skulls of living patients) can be traced from well before dawn of the Christian era to the twentieth century.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.3
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Native Healing, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Native Healing, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.4
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Lavoisier: Oxygen, Combustion, and Respiration, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Lavoisier: Oxygen, Combustion, and Respiration, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Greatest contribution of science to Medicine during the eighteenth century came from experiments relating to the processes of respiration, conducted between 1789 and 1792 by the Parisian chemist, Antoine Laurent Lavoisier, in his laboratory at the Royal Arsenal. Mme. Lavoisier was his closest collaborator. Together with a young assistant, Sequin, Lavoisier recorded oxygen intake and carbon dioxide exhalation by a man while resting, while working, and while eating, and compared the results with statistics on combustion of carbon. Lavoisier made many scientific, social, economic, financial, and political contributions before French revolutionary radials executed him in 1794.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.19
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

John Hunter: Founder of Scientific Surgery, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: John Hunter: Founder of Scientific Surgery, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: From an untutored Scottish country boy, John Hunter (1728-1793) rose to become eighteenth-century London's foremost surgeon and medical scientist. Combining natural talent, insatiable curiosity, and keen observation, he was one of the greatest comparative anatomists of all time. The skeletons of the now-extinct Great Auk and of the Irish Giant are two of 13,682 specimens which comprised his famous collections, war-spared remnants of which still are on exhibit in London's Royal College of Surgeons. Posthumously, Dr. Hunter was honored as "The Founder of Scientific Surgery."
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.20
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Benjamin Rush, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Benjamin Rush, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Professional, moral, and physical courage of Dr. Benjamin Rush (1745-1813) was taxed to exhaustion during the 1793 yellow fever epidemic in Philadelphia, capital of the the new United States of America. Those residents who could, fled; those who could not were decimated by disease. Horror and hysteria reigned. Hundreds died daily. Dr. Rush stayed, cared for patients, personally survived two attacks of fever. Though his heroic treatments were severly criticized, Rush was unswerving. Patriot, signer of the Declaration of Independence, leader in the country's first medical school, Dr. Rush came to be called the first great physician in the United States of America.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.21
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Pinel Unchains the Insane, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Pinel Unchains the Insane, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: The Father of Psychiatry, French physician Philippe Pinel, in 1795 ordered chains and fetters removed from insame women in the Salpêtrière, large Parisian hospital. Two years earlier, he had similarily unchained insane men in the Bicêtre. Despite political and medical opposition and uncertainties of life during the hectic period of the French Revolution, Pinel persisted in replacing cruelty and inhumanity with understanding, kindness, and rational therapy. His success in curing and relieving patients suffering from mental diseases opened new perspectives for psychiatric research and practice.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.22
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Jenner: Smallpox is Stemmed, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Jenner: Smallpox is Stemmed, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: The first vaccination against smallpox was performed by Edward Jenner, English rural physician, in his apartment in the Chantry House, Berkeley, Gloucestershire. Exudate from a cowpox pusule on the hand of dairymaid, Sarah Nelmes, was inserted in scratches on the arm of eight-year-old James Phipps, May 14, 1796. The vaccination was effective, for two later attempts to induce infection with smallpox pus were unsuccessful. After proving his discovery, Jenner published his vaccination findings in 1798. Despite opposition, vaccination became accepted practice during Jenner's lifetime.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.23
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Laennec and the Stethoscope, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Laennec and the Stethoscope, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Theophile Laennec (1781-1826), young French physician, while at Necker Hospital, Paris, in 1816, devised foot-long, hollow, wooden cylinders for listening to sounds in patients' chests. These he called "stethoscopes." Comparing opinions formed during stethoscopic examinations with later findings in autopsy, Laennec learned to accurately diagnose pathologic heart and lung conditions, and to better understand many chest diseases. his instrument and his published reports on its use were among the greater contributions to nineteenth-century medicine, helping physicians to understand pulmonary diseases - especially tuberculosis, the malady that ended Laennec's own short life.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.24
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Conquerors of Pain, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Conquerors of Pain, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Before a skeptical group of surgeons in the operating amphitheater of Massachusetts General Hospital, October 16, 1846, William T.G. Morton, Boston dentist, prepared to anesthetize Dr. John C. Warren's surgical patient, Gilbert Abbott, by causing him to enhale ether. Though Crawford W. Long, Georgia physician, had used ether for anesthesia in 1842, and Horace Wells, Connecticut dentist, tried unsuccessfully to demonstrate anesthesia with nitrous oxide in 1845, reports of painless operations resulting from Morton's methods gave practical anesthesia to mankind. Within a year ether was being used world-widely to conquer the pain incident to surgical operations.; Identity of persons in the picture, "Conquerors of Pain"; 1. Dr. John C. Warren, operating surgeon; 2. Dr. William T.G. Morton, demonstrated ether anesthesia; 3. Dr. Charles F. Heywood, house surgeon; 4. Gilbert Abbott, patient; 5. Dr. Augustus A. Gould; 6. Dr. Henry J. Bigelow; 7. Dr. Solomon D. Townsend; 8,9,10,11,12,13,14 Medical students
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.25
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Semmelweis-Defender of Motherhood, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Semmelweis-Defender of Motherhood, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Hungarian physician Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis (1818-1865), while Assistant at the First Obstetric Clinic of Vienna's great Allgemeine Krankenhaus in 1847, discovered means of preventing puerperal fever: he insisted that physicians and medical students wash their hands in chlorinated solution before entering obstetric wards and again before examining each patient. His rule was much resented and opposed - but hundreds of mothers' lives were saved. Though his doctrine was proved repeatedly, in hospitals in Vienna and in Budapest, most of his contemporaries opposed it; and, both depressed from worry and broken-hearted from disappointment, Semmelweis died at age 47, of blood poisoning, the infection he had fought so valiantly to prevent in mothers under his care.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.26
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Founding of the American Medical Association, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Founding of the American Medical Association, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Advancement of medical knowledge, improved medical education, launcing of a program of medical ethics, and furtherance of public service - these were aims of The American Medical Association, organized May 7, 1847, by 250 delegates seated among exhibit cases and before ancient bones of a mastadon, Mammut americanum, in the hall of The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Chairman Jonathan Knight welcomed Dr. Nathaniel Chapman, first president (foreground) and officers as they launched what became the world's larger and greater medical bodies, now in its second century of service both to the public and to the profession.; Identity of portraits in the picture "Founding of the American Medial Association" Officers and committeemen present at the time of organiaton of the AMA included (left to right):; 1. Dr. A.H. Buchanan, Tennessee, a vice-president; 2. Dr. Alexander H. Stevens, New York, a vice-president; second president of the AMA; 3. Dr. J.R.W. Dunbar, Maryland, a secretary; 4. Dr. Thomas Cock, New York, committeeman; 5. Dr. John Watson, New York, chairman of the committee for organizing a permanent national organization; 6. Dr. Jonathan Knight, Connecticut, temporary chairman of the organizational meeting; vice president of the new organization; and the AMA's seventh president; 7. Dr. Nathan Smith Davis, New York, committeeman credited with having been the "father" of the AMA; sixteenth president of the AMA; and first editor of the AMA "Journal"; 8. Dr. Nathaniel Chapman, Pennsylvania, first president of the AMA; 9. Dr. J.R. Manley, New York, committeeman; 10. Dr. Alfred Stillé, Pennsylvania, a secretary; twenty-third president of the AMA; 11. Dr. Isaac Hays, Pennsylvania, treasurer; 12. Dr. George B. Wood, Pennsylvania, ninth president of the AMA; 13. Dr. James Moultrie, South Carolina, a vice-president; fifth president of the AMA
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.27
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Rudolf Virchow and Cellular Pathology, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Rudolf Virchow and Cellular Pathology, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Just past his thirty-fourth year, in 1855, Dr. Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902) while professor at Wurzburg University, Germany, propounded his theory of cellular pathology. Lecturing and demonstrating at this specially made desk in the Wurzburg Krankenhaus, the slight, short, fiery professor used microscopes to convince students that cells were reproduced from other cells, and that diseease results from disturbance of cells by injury or irritants. Later, in Berlin, Virchow continued to lead international medical thought, and to teach, to engage in research, to write, to edit, to explore new fields, and to serve his community politically, until his death in 1902. The "little doctor" was a medical giant.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.28
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Hemholtz: Physicist- Physician, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Hemholtz: Physicist- Physician, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Among great contributions to medicine in the nineteenth century was the ophthalmoscope, an instrument used for inspection of the interior of they eye, invented in 1850 by Herman Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz (1821-1894), Professor of Physiology at Königsberg. Physician by training and teacher by profession, Helmholtz became Germany's foremost physicist, succeeding to the Chair of Physics at the University of Berlin. His contributions to the knowledge of acoustics nearly equaled those he made to physiologic optics. His discoveries in physics advanced knowledge in a dozen scientific fields, earned him ennoblement, and brought him eminence, distinction, and world-wide recognition.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.29
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

J. Marion Sims: Gynecologic Surgeon, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: J. Marion Sims: Gynecologic Surgeon, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.30
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Bernard: Explorer of Pathologic Frontiers, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Bernard: Explorer of Pathologic Frontiers, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: The only place where Claude Bernard (1813-1878) felt at home, outside experimental laboratories, was a the provincial farm near Saint-Julien (Rhône), France, where he was born. Bernard's great skill at dissection and at observation gave medical science benefit of outstanding physiologic discoveries concerning pancreatic secretions, animal sugar, poisons, and vasomotor nerves. He held professorships in physiology at leading Paris schools; he was awarded national and international scientific honors; but his great book, "An Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine," was written at his old farm home whie he recuperated from recurrent attacks of illness.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.31
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Pasteur: The Chemist Who Transformed Medicine, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Pasteur: The Chemist Who Transformed Medicine, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Proof that microbes are reproduced from parent organisms, and do not result from spontaneous generation, came from careful experiments in makeshift laboratories of France's famed chemist and biologist, Louis Pasteur (1822-1895), at the Ecole Normale, Paris. Behind him are portraits of his father and mother, which he painted during his youth. Mme. Pasteur waits patiently for him to complete an observation. From basic work in these laboratories came proof of the germ theory of disease, which transformed medical practice; vaccines for virulent diseases, including anthrax and rabies; solution of many industrial biochemical problems; and founding of the Pasteur Insitute.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.32
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Lister Introduces Antisepsis, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Lister Introduces Antisepsis, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: When Surgeon Joseph Lister (1827-1912) of Glasgow Royal Infirmary removed dressings from James Greenlees' compound fracture, the would had healed without infection - something unheard of before. For six weeks, beginning August 12, 1865, Lister had treated the boy's wound with carbolic acid. Now, Lister had proof of success of this principle of antisepsis - which was to revolutionize methods of treatment and to open new vistas in practice of surgery, of medicine, and of environmental sanitation. Hospials were turned from "houses of torture and death" to "houses of healing and cure." In 1897, Lister became the first British surgeon to be elevated to peerage.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.33
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Charcot: Master of Neurology, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Charcot: Master of Neurology, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Greatest neurologist of the 19th century, Parisian physician Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893) developed La Salpêtrière from an asylum for indigent women to one of France's leading hospitals. Charcot's study and care of its vast patient population led to teaching, research, and the creation of the world's leading neurological clinic; attracted students from many nations; raised neurology to a respected medical science. Some of Charcot's teachings inspired Sigmund Freud of Vienna (Charcot's student, 1885-1886) to develop the world-famous Freudian hypothesis on psychoanalysis and psychotherapy.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.34
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

The Hopkins' Revolution in Medical Education, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: The Hopkins' Revolution in Medical Education, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Success of The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, opened in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1893, stemmed from policies developed at meetings of the Faculty of Medicine and its advisors during formative years. The School, with cooperation of The Johns Hopkins Hospital, was to become world renowned for emphasis on research, for high admission standards, and for innovations in medical training. These advanced teaching methods influenced a revolutuon in medical education, led to higher requirements for medical licensure, brought about closure of many substandard schools of medicine, and helped raise the status of medicine in the United States to a position of world leadership.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.35
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Röentgen: Invisible Rays That Save Lives, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Röentgen: Invisible Rays That Save Lives, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: At his first public demonstration of newly discovered x-rays, the evening of January 23, 1896, Wilhelm Conrad Röentgen (1845-1923) astounded scientists who filled the room. Professor of Physics and Rector of University of Würzburg, Germany, Röentgen completed his demonstration by taking an x-ray photograph of the hand of famed Professor of Anatomy, Albert von Kölliker. This led to discussion of possible medical applications. The news traveled fast, and within a year, x-ray equipment was being employed by medical men around the world as a diagnostic tool. Later research revealed many theraputic and industrial applications, as well as the hidden dangers, of x-rays.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.36
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

The Conquest of Yellow Fever, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: The Conquest of Yellow Fever, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Methods of controlling and preventing yellow fever resulted from investigations conducted in 1900 at Camp Lazear, Cuba, by a United States Army commission led by Major Walter Reed (1851-1902). This research proved conclusively that mosquitos carry the yellow fever virus from person to person. First volunteer patient to be infected by mosquito bites was Private John Kissinger. Examining physicians were Major W. C. Gorgas, Havana sanitation officer; Dr. Aristides Agramonte, pathologist; Dr. Carlos J. Finlay, chairman of the cooperating Cuban Yellow Fever Commission and first man to point out the positive infective role of mosquitos; Dr. James Carroll, bacteriologist; and Dr. Reed, commission chairman.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.37
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Walter B. Cannon: Physiologic Investigator, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Walter B. Cannon: Physiologic Investigator, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: While a first-year student at Harvard Medical School, Boston, in 1896, Walter B. Cannon (1871-1945) employed newly discovered x-rays to study the activities of digestive organs in animals. Cannon induced cats to eat radiopaque meals, and followed food through alimentary organs with the aid of a fluroscopic screen. Basic studies of digestion, and of effects of emotions on it, led to new understandings of food utilization, of transmission of nerve impulses, and of actions of endocrine glands. Second Professor of Physiology at Harvard, Dr. Cannon earned world-wide respect as a researcher, as a teacher, and also as an ambassador of scientific good will.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.38
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Enrlich: Chemotherapy is Launched, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Enrlich: Chemotherapy is Launched, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: In a crowded laboratory at Frankfurt's Institute of Experimental Therapy, German research scientist Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915) habitually scrawled work orders to associates with stubby colored pencils on "blocks" of note paper. Dr. Ehrlich and his Japanese assistant, Dr. Sahachiro Hata, announced Salvarsan (606) to the world in 1910 as a "chemical bullet" for treatment of syphilis. Dr. Ehrlich's success with chemical synthesis gave impetus to a new medical science, chemotherapy. Though his greatest achievements were in this field, Dr. Ehrlich contributed to many branches of medicine and shared in a 1908 Nobel Prize for his work on immunology.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.39
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Ramón y Cajal: Charting the Nervous System, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Ramón y Cajal: Charting the Nervous System, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Boyhood teachers were positive that no good would come from backward, headstrong Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852-1934), but the country surgeon's son was destined to become Spain's leading medical scientist and a world-renowned neuroanatomist. His contributions to neurology and to psychiatry began in a crowded laboratory in Barcelona. For 40 years, Ramón y Cajal combined insatiable scientific curiosity, inventiveness that resulted in new stains for sections under his microscope, intensive observation, and inborn artistic ability, to reveal a wealth of new anatomical and functional facts about the nervous system, and about disorders affecting it. He received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1906.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.40
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Harvey Cushing and Neurosurgery, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Harvey Cushing and Neurosurgery, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Surgery on highly sensitive tissues of the brain was seldom attempted, even after anesthesia and sepsis became standard operating room procedures. Not until the early 1900's was the tremendous risk of life reduced by research and delicate surgical techniques, many of them developed and taught by Ohio-born Dr. Harvey W. Cushing, at Johns Hopkins, at Harvard and at Yale. Dr. Cushing removed 2,000 brain tumors; developed a "school" of students from many lands who put up with his pungent personality in order to learn his methods. Adolph Watzka, surgical orderly, for many years was his constant operating room companion.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.41
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Goldberger: Dietary Deficiency and Disease, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Goldberger: Dietary Deficiency and Disease, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: When Dr. Joseph Goldberger, Surgeon, United States Public Health Service, and his assistant, Dr. C. H. Waring, begam studies of pellagra at the Baptist Orphanage near Jackson, Mississippi, in 1914, they faced puzzling questions: why were adults, older children, and the very young, free of the disease? Why, every year, did it strike children aged three to twelve? Dr. Goldberger ruled out infection or toxic foods as causes. With cooperation of Director J.R. Carter and House Mother "Miss Ida," the doctors added fresh meat, eggs, and milk to diets. Pellagra disappeared. By bold experiments, Dr. Goldberger proved dietary deficiency the cause of pellagra; pointed other researchers toward discovery of essential nutrients, now called vitamins, required to maintain health.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.42
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Banting, Best, and Diabetes, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Banting, Best, and Diabetes, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: During the summer of 1921, Charles H. Best, youthful biologist, and Dr. Frederick G. Banting experiemented in laboratories loanded by Professor J.J.R. Macleod of the Physiology Department, University of Toronto. The inexperienced Canadian investigators found what trained research men before them had missed -- an extract of the pancreas the controlled the high blood sugar of diabetes mellitus. Proved and reproved on laboratory animals, their extract was tried on a human diabetic in February, 1922. Best developed mass production methods while studying for a medical degree. Banting and Best's discovery of insulin gave hope of life to millions of diabetics who otherwise would have been doomed.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.43
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

The Era of Antibiotics, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: The Era of Antibiotics, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: When Dr. Alexander Fleming, British bacteriologist who had discovered penicillin in 1928, heard in 1940 that Drs. Florey, Chain, and their "team" had isolated the antibiotic and had found it successful when tested on mice for efficary and toxicity, at Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, Oxford, he decided to visit them and see their work. The three men shared a Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1945. Cooperation of British and United States scientists, governments, and institutions developed mass production methods for penicillin; met wartime needs; launched new research. Antibiotics brough about a revolution in the practice of medicine. In the laboratory are: Drs. Fleming, Howard W. Florey, Ernst B. Chain, A.G. Sanders, E.P. Abraham, and Norman G. Heatley.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.44
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Medicine Today and Tomorrow, from "The History of Medicine"; Robert Thom

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Title: Medicine Today and Tomorrow, from "The History of Medicine"
Artist: Robert Thom
Physical Description: Medicine is ancient, yet ever new. The scientific discoveries and advances resulting from work of countless thousands of dedicated medical men throughout fifty centuries are at the command of today's physician, and through him, brought to focus upon the needs of sick patients. Never before in the world's history have people had the medical advantages available today. Physicians, research scientists, specialists in production and distribution, are all collaborating in a constant effort to improve medical service and to make available better diagnoses, better treatment, and better medicines for a better world.
Artist Life Dates: 1915-1979
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: circa 1952
Accession Number: UMHS.45
Medium and Support: oil on canvas
Artist: Thom, Robert
Artist Nationality: American

Untitled (Pin Hole Camera); Thorne Thompson

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Title: Untitled (Pin Hole Camera)
Artist: Thorne Thompson
Artist Life Dates: 20th century
Century: 20th century
Object Creation Date: 20th century
Accession Number: 1981/2.24
Medium and Support: gelatin silver print on paper
Artist: Thompson, Thorne
Artist Nationality: American

Eagle; Warren T. Thompson

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Title: Eagle
Artist: Warren T. Thompson
Physical Description: Two nearly identical daguerreotypes are pictured one on top of the other. They both portray an eagle perched on a tree’s branch. The artist’s signature is typed in red lettering and arched upwards on the bottom center.
Artist Life Dates: American, active 1840-1870
Object Creation Date: 1850-1860
Accession Number: 2010/2.56
Medium and Support: daguerreotype on paper
Artist: Thompson, Warren T.
Artist Nationality: American