Theological and Literary Intelligence [pp. 762-768]

1874.] THEOLOGICAL AND LITERARY INTELLIGENCE,
763
is based. In another article we shall proceed to examine the special peculiarities
of this Gospel, which will bring out more decisively the essential difficulties of this
hypothesis. The whole article, when completed, ought to be translated, especially
in view of the fact that such a writer as James Martineau (in the Old and iew for
August) has unreservedly committed himself to the romantic theory, that the
Gospel of John cannot have been written before the fifth decade of the second
century. But who that lived in the second century was able to write such a
Gospel?
yournal of Scientzfc Theology. (Zeitschrift f. wiss. Theol.) Part III. I874.
The editor, Dr. Hilgenfeld, in the first article, on Polycarp of Smyrna, reviews the
testimonies as to his life and martyrdom, assigning to him a more significant position than many of the recent critics. The main facts about him are held to
be fully authenticated. That he was a disciple of John, and that John was the
Apostle of Asia Minor, and that he knew John as the Seer of the Apocalypse
(though not knowing his "Gospel"); that he was active in propagating Christianity, that he was in sympathy with the Pauline tendencies, and steadfast against all
Gnostic heresies, is confidently maintained. The essay is directed in part against
those who (like Scholten) deny that John taught in Asia Minor. Harmsen discusses the use of et rtd with the Infinitive in the epistles to the Romans and
Corinthians. WV. Seufert, the Dependence of the first Epistle of Peter on the
Epistle to the Romans. C. Holsten, on 2 Cor. xi. 32, 33-contends that this is
an interpolation. The last article, by Dr. Schweizer, of Zurich, is an able criticism
of Von Hartmann's "Philosophy of the Unconscious-its Gnosticism, and Meta physical Value."
yahrbiicher f. Deutsche Theologie. Part II. I874. The first article by Prof. R.
STAHELIN, of Basle, is an exposition of the Eschatology of Paul, on the basis of
I Thess. iv. I3-I7, with the purpose of vindicating the "independence'" of the
Pauline view of "the last things "-in relation to the eschatology of the Jews at
the time in which he wrote. Paul's views of the Second Coming, the Last Judg ment, and the Future State, are shown to be, so to speak, original with the Chris tian dispensation; to have come in fact from Christ himself, and not from the
Jewish tradition, still less from the apocryphal literature (for example in 4 Esdras).
The Jewish view was local, national, incomplete. The Christian view is universal,
centering in Christ. P. G. Bartels, General Superintendent in Aursch, continues
his able examination of "the Biblical Doctrine of Baptism in Contrast with the
Baptist Views." There is also a short essay by Krauss on "Tolerance"; and an
explanation and vindication by Hamberger of his views on "the heavenly body,"
in reply to various criticisms. The notices of new books are, as usual, full and
critical.
Phzilosophischze Motnalshefte. The tenth volume. 1874. Parts I and 2. Of this
Hegelian periodical ten parts are published annually, at three thalers. Besides dis cussing philosophical questions, it contains reviews of new works, philosophical
miscellanea and gossip, bibliography, etc. E. Bratuscheck, one of the editors, dis cusses in two articles, Philosophy as obligatory in the Examination for School offices. Dr. von Struve gives also, in two articles, a Philosophical and Metaphy sical Analysis of the Idea of Necessity; and Dr. Windelband reviews at length
Sigwart's recent work on Logic.
DR. BICKELL, of Miinster is editing a complete edition of the works of Isaac
of Antioch, (fourth century) distinguished as a theologian and as a writer of hymns.
PROFESSOR HUBNER has brought out (Reimer, Berlin) Inscriptiones Britanniae
Latin;e, Vol. VII, doing a work which no Englishman has attempted, and doing it
in a scholarly and thorough style.
THE seventh volume (pp. 870) of Bishop Von Hefele's elaborate work on the
"History of the Councils" is devoted to the great councils of the first half of the
fifteenth century-that of Constance, I414 to I418, with the trial of Huss; Basel
to its removal to Ferrara and Florence, I431 to I437; Ferrara-Florence, I438-with
subsequent matters bearing on it to 1447. It is a comparatively impartial work,
and certainly able. A new edition of the first volume of liefele's work super sedes the English translation.
FRANCE.
Revue des deux Mondes, July, August. This comprehensive periodical is said to