The Wine of the Bible, of Bible Lands, and of the Lord's Supper [pp. 564-595]

1871.] of Bible Land,s, and of the Lord's Supper.
garded by some as uncertain, but apparently without reason, as
G(esenius is clearly right in his derivation of it.
"This word, the most commonly employed in the O. T.
Scripture for wine, occurring about 142 times, is also the most
comprehensive, including, like the corresponding English word,
wines of all sorts, although used also in a more restricted sense,
to denote red wine. That yayin was intoxicating admits of no
question. Noah planted a vineyard and drank of the yayi,
and was drunken (Gen. ix. 21); Nabal drank yayin and was
very drunken (1 Sam. xxv. 36, 37); the' drunkards of Ephraim'
were' overcome with yayin' (Is. xxviii. 1), or rather knocked
down, or, as Gill paraphrases it,' smitten, beaten, knocked down
with it as with a hammer, and laid prostrate on the ground,
where they lie fixed to it, not able to rise.' Jeremiah says:'I
am like a drunken mana, and like a man whom yayin hath
overcome' (xxiii. 9).
"But, although intoxicating, yet it was not only permitted to
be drunk, but was also used for sacred purposes, and is spoken
of as a blessing. Thus, in Jacob's blessing on Judah:'HIis
eyes shall be red with yayin, and his teeth white with milk'
(Gen. xlix. 12). So in God's promise to restore his people to
their own land:' I will bring again the captivity of my people
..and they shall plant vineyards and drink the yayin thereof'
4Ammos iv. 19).'Drink thy yayin,' says the preacher,' with a
mnerry heart, for God now accepteth thy works' (Eccles. ix. 7).
The Nazarite, at the expiration of his vow, was permitted to
drink yayin, (Num. vi. 13-20); the Israelites were permitted
to drink yayin at their feasts (Dent. xiv. 24-26); yayin was
used in the sacred service of Jehovah, being poured out as a
drink-offering to him (Exod. xxix. 40; Lev. xxiii. 13; Num.
xv. 5). Hence it not only' maketh glad the heart of man' (Ps.
civ. 15), but also' cheereth both God and man' (Judg. ix. 13),
its cheering effects being symbolically transferred to the Divine
Being.
"The intoxicating quality of yayin Dr. Tattam confirms by
Rabbinical testimony.' The MIishna, in the treatise on the
Passover, informs us that four cups of wine were poured out and
blessed and drunk by each of the company at the eating of the
Paschal lamb; and that water was also mixed with the wine,
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