Encyclopædia americana. A popular dictionary of arts, sciences, literature, history, politics and biography, a new ed.; including a copious collection of original articles in American biography; on the basis of the 7th ed. of the German Conversations-lexicon. Ed. by Francis Lieber, assisted by E. Wigglesworth ...

42 BELLA —BELLE-ISLE.
died in 1664. It is said that he engraved with the court of Rome, of supporting her
1400 plates. temporal power and spiritual supremacy
BELLAMY, James, a Flemish poet, was to the utmost, and of strenuously opposing
born at Flushing, in the year 1757, and the Reformers. The talent he displayed
died in 1796. He was 25 years old, and in the latter controversy called forth
following the trade of a baker, when, in all the similar ability on the Protestant
the year 1772, the second secular festival, side; and, for a number of years, no eamin commemoration of the foundation of inent divine among the Reformers failed
the republic, was celebrated throughout to make his arguments a particular subHolland. His genius, suddenly inflamed ject of refutation. The great work which
by the love of his native land, rendered he composed in this warfare is entitled
him a poet, and his first productions met.L Body of Controversy, written in Latin,
with success. He studied Latin, made the style of which is perspicuous and prehimself better acquainted with his mother cise, without ally pretension to purity or
tongue, and composed several pieces of elegance. He displays a vast amount of
merit sufficient to induce the society of arts Scriptural learning, and is deeply versed
at the Hague to incorporate them in their in the doctrine and practice of the church
collections. He published his patriotic in all ages, as becomes one who detersongs under the title Vaderlandse-Gezengen, mines every point by authority. To his
which secure him a place among the first credit, he exhibits none of the lax moralpoets of his nation. B. sung, likewise, the ity of his order, and, in respect to the
praise of love. The later works of this doctrines of predestination and efficacious
poet betray a certain melancholy, which grace, is more a follower of St. Augustine
renders them still more interesting. A than a Jesuit. His maxims on the right
biographical account of him has been of pontiffs to depose princes caused his
written by G. Kniper. He.may be placed work on the temporal power of the popes
by the side of Bilderdyk, Helmners, Loots, to be condemned at Paris. On the other
R. Feyth, &c., as one of the restorers of hand, it did not satisfy the court of Rome,
modern Dutch poetry. because it asserted, not a direct, but an
BELLARMIN, Robert, a cardinal, and indirect, power in the popes in temporal
celebrated controversialist of the Roman matters; which reservation so offended
church, was born at Monte Pulciano, in Sixtus V, that he placed it among the list
Tuscany, in 1542. At the age of 18, he of prohibited books. These differences
entered into the college of Jesuits, where among the Catholics necessarily gave
he soon distinguished himself; and his strength to the Protestant side, and proreputation caused him to be sent into the duced a work from Mayer in exposition
Low Countries, to oppose the progress of of them. In the rancor of controversy,
the Reformers. He was ordained a priest, some malignant calumnies were uttered
in 1569, by Jansenius, bishop of Ghent, against the morals of B.; but it is evident,
and placed in the theological chair of the that he inclined to superstition in faith,
university of Louvain. After a residence and scrupulosity in practice. At his death,
of seven years, he returned to Italy, and he bequeathed one half of his soul to the
was sent by Sixtus V to France, as com- Virgin, and the other to Jesus Christ. His
panion to the legate. He was made a society thought so highly of his sanctity,
cardinal, on account of his learning, by that proofs were collected to entitle him
Clement VIII, and, in 1602, created arch- to canonization; but the fear of giving
bishop of Capua. At the elections of offence to the sovereigns, whose rights he
Leo XI and Paul V, he was thought of oppugned, has always prevented a comfor the pontificate, and might have been pliance with the ardent wishes of the
chosen, had lie not been a Jesuit. Paul Jesuits. The best edition of his controV recalled him to Rome, on which he versial works is that of Prague, 1721, 4
resigned his archbishopric without retain- vols., folio.
ing any pension on it, as he might have BELLE ALLIANCE. (See Waterloo.)
done. In 1621, he left his apartments in BELLE-ISLE, or BELLE-ISLE-EN-MhER
the Vatican, and returned to a house of (al ciently Yindilis); an island in the bay
his order, where he died the same year, of Biscay, 115 miles from the west coast
at the age of 71. So impressed were the of France, about nine miles long, and
people with the idea of his sanctity, that from two to four broad, surrounded by
it was necessary to place guards to keep shamp rocks, which leave only three
off the crowd, which pressed round to fortified passages to the island. The
touch-his body, or procure some relics of soil is diverse, consisting of rock, salt
his garments. B. had the double merit, marsh, and fertile grounds. Palais is the