Encyclopædia americana. A popular dictionary of arts, sciences, literature, history, politics and biography, a new ed.; including a copious collection of original articles in American biography; on the basis of the 7th ed. of the German Conversations-lexicon. Ed. by Francis Lieber, assisted by E. Wigglesworth ...

CALICO-CALIGULA. 405
from those parts which are not impreg- scription. Hares, rabbits and stags are
nated with the mordant, but remains per- very common here; seals and otters are
manently fixed to the rest. When addi- also found in prodigious numbers. To
tional colors are required, they are printed the northward, and during the winter, the
over the rest, with different mordants, inhabitants kill a very great number of
suited to the color intended to be pro- foxes, bears, wolves and wildcats. The
duced. This secondary printing is gen- land possesses, also, great fertility; farinaerally performed with blocks, engraved ceous roots and seeds of all kinds abunin the manner of wood-cuts, and applied dantly prosper here. The crops of maize,
by hand to the successive parts of the barley, corn and peas cannot be equalled
piece. but by those of Chili. European cultivaCALICUT; a city of Hindostan, formerly tors can have no conception of a similar
capital of the kingdom of C., which was fertility. The medium produce of corn is
ceded to the British in 1792. From this from 70 to 80 for 1; the extremes, 60 and
port the first vessel was freighted with 100. The population, in 1802, including
Indian commodities for Europe, by Vasco Indians who had settled and begun to
da Gama: in 1498. The ancient city, cultivate fields, was 15,562.
however, is now buried beneath the sea; CALIFORNIA, Old; a province of Mexand, at low tides, the tops of temples and ico, comprising a peninsula in the Pacific
minarets are discernible. The present ocean, united, on the north, to the contitown stands on a low shore, and has con- nent of North America, from which the
siderable trade. It was taken and de- other part is separated by a narrow sea,
stroyed by Tippoo Saib, but was rebuilt called the gulf of California, and bounded
when the country fell into the hands of S. and W. by the Pacific ocean; near 900
the English. Cardamnoms, teak, sandal- miles in length, and, in different places,
wood, pepper and wax are the principal 30, 60, 90, and 120 miles wide. A chain
exports. It contains 5000 houses. Lat. of mountains extends through the penin110 15' N.; lon. 750 501 E. The rajah of sula, of which the greatest height is from
the C. district, or the Tamuri rajah, called 4500 to 4900 feet above the sea. This
Zamorin by the Europeans, is a Bramin, peninsula is said to have been discovered
who pretends to be superior to the other by sir Francis Drake, and by him called
Brarnins, and inferior only to the gods. NJew 1lbion; and the gulf of California
The males of the family are called Tam- has been sometimes called the Vermilion
burans, and the females Tamburetties. sea, or Pulple sea, or Red sea. In a penThese ladies are married at the age of 10, insula of so great an extent, which reaches
but it would be scandalous for them to nearly from 23~ to 340 N. lat., the soil and
have any intercourse with their hus- climate must naturally be found to vary
bands. The Namburi Bramins, or the Some parts are continually covered with
Nairs, are the fathers of their children, flowers, but the greater part is wild, rug
who are all, of course, in the dilemma ged and barren, overrun with rocks anc
described by Telemachus. sand, and destitute of water. From cape
CALIF and CALIFATE. (See Caliph.) St. Lucas to the Colorado, nearly 20C
CALIFORNIA, Gulf of; a gulf on the leagues, only two streams run into the
west coast of North America, in Mexico, gulf of California. Population, in 1803,
lying on the east side of the peninsula of 9000. The principal places are Santa
California, extending from S. S. E. to N. Maria, St. Ignatio, St. Isidoro, Loreto,
N. W., between lat. 22~ 401 and 340 N. St. Estevan, St. Xavier, St. Yago, RosaIt is about 800 miles long, and, through lio, St. Juan Guadalupe and St. Joseph.
most of its length, is less than 100 miles CALIGULA, Caius Cesar Augustus Gerwide. It receives the river Colorado at manicus, son of Germnanicus and Agripits northern extremity. It contains nu- pina, was born, A. D. 12, in the camp,
merous islands and shoals, and is of diffi- probably in Germany, and brought up
cult navigation. among the legions. Here he received,
CALIFORNIA, New; a province of Mex- from the soldiers, the surname of C., on
ico, on the coast of the N. Pacific ocean, account of his wearing the caligce, a kind
called, by captain Vancouver, New Ilbion. of little boots in use among them. He
It lies north of the peninsula, which is understood so well how to insinuate him.called Old California, and is 600 miles self into the good graces of Tiberius, that
long, and only 30 broad. Square leagues, he not only escaped the cruel fate of his
2,125. Montery is the capital. There is parents and brothers and sisters, but was
not any country in the world which more even loaded with honors. Whether, as
abounds in fish and game of every de- some writers inform us, he removed Ti