Encyclopædia americana. A popular dictionary of arts, sciences, literature, history, politics and biography, a new ed.; including a copious collection of original articles in American biography; on the basis of the 7th ed. of the German Conversations-lexicon. Ed. by Francis Lieber, assisted by E. Wigglesworth ...

BROUGHAM-BROUSSONET. 283
tions in other walks of life. His profes- Speech on the State of the:Law; 1828.
sional course has been, to a considerable The reputation which he has hitherto acdegree, associated with his political ca- quired by his occasional efforts, upon
reer, in consequence of the differences temporary and transient subjects, is splenbetween. George IV, when prince-regent, did; but hgs now laying the foundation
and the then princess of Wales. During of a deepeland more brilliant fame, by
the discussions relative to her conduct and his unwea rie industry in the cause of
affairs, he acted as her counsel; and af- popular instruction and of legal reform.
terwards, on the accession of George IV, As to the first, it is sufficient to say, that
when queen Caroline claimed the rights his principles on the subject of extending
and privileges of queen-consort, B. was the elements of knowledge amnong the
appointed her attorney-general, and acted middling or lower classes, have met with
in that capacity at her trial. Of course, he the most decided support, and are the
belonged to the opposition party; and he basis of nmuch that is now doing for their
has consistently maintained the principles improvement. His propositions of legal
of the wvhigs down to the present mo- reform having been brought forward but
ment. The responsible part he took in lately, the result remains to be seen; but
behalf of queen Caroline secured to him the reception they have met with auguls
the regard of her friends and of the op- auspiciously for the result. His life, we
position. But he possesses more solid hope, will long be spared to his country.
claims to the respect of the liberal party, BROUGHTON'S ARCHIPELAGo; an exfrom his labors as a member of the house tensive range of islands, rocky islets and
of commons. Among these may be men- rocks, in an arm of the Pacific ocean, on
tioned his efforts to procure a repeal of the west coast of North America; so callthe orders in council; his opposition to ed from an Englishman, who discovered
the leather tax; his opinions on the liber- them in 1790. Lon. 232~ 56' to 233~ 40'
ty of the press; his efforts in behalf of E.; lat 50~ 33' to 51~ N.
popular education; and, recently, his at- BROUSSONET, Pierre Marie Auguste,
tempts to procure a reform in the admin- physician and naturalist, born at Montistration of the laws. On all occasions, pellier in 1761, first introduced the Linhe has acted with purity and independ- neaii system into France. Daubenton,
ence, and has proved himself above mere though an opponent of Linnoeus, made
personal considerations. Although he him his substitute in the college de France,
never took office, yet he is, unquestiona- and, in 1784, his assistant in the veterinably, the most prominent man in the ry school. B. read several valuable pahouse. The variety of his powers and pers before the academy, and was chosen
attainments is not the least of his claims a member. As secretary of the agriculto attention. Preeminent as a man of tural society at Paris, he published the
science, a literary man, a statesman, law- useful L'J.nnee rurale ou Calendrier'&
yer and orator, and throwing himself, l'Usage des Cultivateurs, and caused the
with energy and success, into all these first flock of Merino sheep to be introdudifferent departments of intellectual pur- ced from Spain, and Angora goats firon
suit, he necessarily occupies a large space the Levant. In 1789, he became a mermin the public eye. As an orator, he is ber of the national assembly, and, alneither finished nor accurate in style, but though he did not distinguish himself in
his characteristics are ingenuity and force political disputes, he was imprisoned by
of argument, quickness and strength of the convention as a Girondist. He escapsarcasm, and a prompt, vigorous, impas- ed to Madrid, but was obliged, by the
sioned style of reasoning, which ren- royalist e'migres, to fly from that place.
der him, as an antagonist in debate, al- By the assistance of his friend sir Joseph
ways redoubtable, and often irresistible. Banks, le embarked in an English vesIn addition to his contributions to the sel for India. A storm forced the vessel
Edinburgh Review, and to various scien- into the harbor of Lisbon, where he soon
tific journals, we may mention, among his met with new persecutions. Under the
publications,. the following:-1. An In- title of physician to the Amlerican consul
quiry into the Colonial Policy of the Eu- at Morocco, he went to Africa, and reasropean Powers; 2 vols., 8vo., 1803. 2. sumed his botanical studies. His name
On the State of the Nation. 3. Speech was finally struck from the list of emion the State of Commerce and Manufac- grants. He was made consul at Mogatures; 1812. 4. Speech at Liverpool; dore, and at the Canaries, and, in 1805,
1812. 5. Practical Observations on the member of the corps legislatif. He died,
Education of the People; 1825. 6. in 1807, from the consequences of a fall