Encyclopædia americana. A popular dictionary of arts, sciences, literature, history, politics and biography, a new ed.; including a copious collection of original articles in American biography; on the basis of the 7th ed. of the German Conversations-lexicon. Ed. by Francis Lieber, assisted by E. Wigglesworth ...

BOSPHORUS-BOSSUET. 207
firomn the Black sea into the sea of Azof. sion of a Latin Bible, which made an
The'Italians, who formerly traded in these indelible impression upon him. At the
regions, called it' bocca' di S.' Giovanni, age of 15, he was sent to Paris, where he
or estretto di Caffa. There was also an- entered the college of Navarre,the presiciently a kin gdom of the' name of:B., so dent of wliich, Nicholas Cornet, -took
called fi'om the Straits, on'both sides of pleasure in forming his mind. B., under
which it Was situated. In Panticapteum the direction of this worthy- teacher,
tat present, Kertsch, q. v.) a' Milesian col- studied Greek and the' Holy Scriptures,
ony in thle Tauric Chersonese, the Archae- read the ancient classics,'and investigated
anaktides established this kingdom, B. C. the Cartesian philosophy.'He was made
479, and reigned till B.C. 437. Spairtacus doctor of the'Sorbonne and canon in
wasthe first king. Under' is'successor, Metz. Here he edified his hearers by his
Satyrus, the kiligdorn was extended to the preaching'and example;' was cominiscoast of Asia, and his son iLeucon acquired sioned by his bishop to refute' the cateTheodosia, B. C.:300. He itmproved the chism of'the Protestant minister Paul
commerce'of the country (il particular by Ferry, and did it in such a way, that even
the exportatioft of corn to Athens,; also of his antagonists were obliged" to respect
fishes, fur,'skins, bees-wax and slaves). him. The queen mother (Anne of AusFrom hinm his descend'aints were called tria) was'induced, by this work, to emLeuconides. Leuccinor becanme tributary ploy B. in'the''coiversion of the Protestto the Scythians 290 B. C., and the trib- ants in the diocese of Metz. This business
ute was finally so oppressive, that Pari- often'called him to Paris, where his sersades, the last of' the Leucohides, prefer- hm-ons met with great approbation.:The
red to submit to Mlithridates, the king of sermon which he'delivered in 1668, on
Pontus, who vaihi/quished the Scythians the occasion of marshal Turenne's joining
under S6ilurus, 1L16 B. C., and made his the Catholic'church, procured him the
son king of B. The'latter killed hinself. bishopric of Condom.' In 1670, the king
At the dceath of ithridateas, the Romans charged him with the'education' ofthe
gave the country, B. C. 64, to his second dauphin.'In consequence of this apson, Phariiaces, Ewho wals after wards mur- poiintment, "he resigned his bishopric' in
deried. The Romi'ans placed different 1671, because-he thought it inconsistent
princes successively'upon the throne, who with his'duty to retain it duriing a continall pretenridd to'be descendants of'Alith- ual absence from his diocese. At this
ridates.'When this fathmily became ex- time,'he delivered his sermon'at the futinct, A. D. 259, the Sarmatians took' pos- neral of madame, the duchess of Orleans,
session of the kingdom, frlom' whom it a'princess, who, in the midst of a brilliant
was taken by the! Chersonides, in 344. court, of which she was the ornament,
The Tauric Cliersohese then belonged to died suddenly in the bloom of youth.
the Eastern empire, till it was seized by His last sermon of this kind (that at the
the Chllazars, and afterwards by the Tar- tombrof the great Condei) is considered as
tars, under ithe Mongol princes. (See a masterpiece. The manly vigor which
Tazuria.) characterized his orations is seen also in
Bossi, Charles' Aurele, baron de, born the Discours sur Il'Histoire Universelle, deat TUrin,'1758, son of count' Bossi de signed for the instruction of' his royal
Sainte-Agathe, is a lyric poet of reputa-' pupil. The care which lie took of the
tion. Ift his 18th year, he published two education of tlhis prince- was rewarded, in
tragedies-the Circassicns and Rhea Syl- 1680, by the office of the first almoner of
via.'His great poem on the French rev- the dauphin; in 1681, by the bishopric of
olution, entitled L'Oromnasia; and a eom- Meanux; in 1697, he obtained the dignity
plete collection of'his poems; appeared in of a counsellor of state, and, a year afterL6ndon, 1814. Only a few copies were " wards, that of the first almoner of the
struck off., His present life, in Paris;' is:duchess of Burgundy. His practice and
that of a shho'ar and a private man.:His his doctrine were equally severe.'All his
fornmer political life placed him in difficult time was divided between his studies and
situations;' and has exposed his conduct' the execution of his official duties; he
to reproach. seldom allowed himself any recreation.'BOSSUtT, Jacques Benigne, bishop of The' last years of his life he passed' anong
11eaux, -born at Dijon, 1627,; as six:years:his flock, in the'midst of whom he died,
o1ld whenh his father became -member of i in 1704. The: learned Benedictiaes of
the parliament at'Metz.' The son re-'the brotherhood' of St. Maur have lately
mained at Dijon, in the college of the published a complete edition'of all'the
Jesuits. By chiance, the boy got posses- works of B. The style of B. is full of