The telegraph manual: a complete history and description of the semaphoric, electric and magnetic telegraphs of Europe, Asia, Africa, and America, ancient and modern.

.10 CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XX.
HIGHTON S ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS.
High Tension Electric Telegraph-Gold Leaf Instruments-Single and Double Pointer
Needle Apparatus-Revolving Pointer-Improvements in Batteries andInsulation 295
CHAPTER XXI.
BAKEWELL'S ELECTRIC COPYING TELEGRAPH.
Manipulation of the Electric Copying Telegraph of F. C. Bakewell of England-The
Apparatus Described-Secrecy of Correspondence, its Advantages and Disadvantages........................................... 304
CHAPTER XXII.
NOTT'S ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.
Description of the Apparatus........................................... 310
CHAPTER XXIII.
SEIMENS AND HALSKIE S GERMANIC TELEGRAPH.
Description of the Telegraph Apparatus-The Alarum Bell-Electric Circuits and Manipulation-The Transmitter and its Application....................... 313
CHAPTER XXIV.
FRENCH ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.
The Nature and Origin of the System-The Receiving Apparatus-The Manipulating
Apparatus-The Process of Sending Signals-The Formation of the Alphabet.. 325
CHAPTER XXV.
THE FRENCH RAILWAY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.
Principles of the French Railway Telegraph-Description of the Receiving Instrument
-The Manipulating Apparatus-Process of Manipulation between Stations-Portable
Apparatus for Railway Service-Breguet's Improvement...................... 334
CHAPTER XXVI.
ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH BELL APPARATUS.
The French Telegraph Bell Instruments-Vibratory Bell Apparatuses-Use of Bells in
Telegraph Offices........................................................ 346
CHAPTER XXVII.
THE ELECTRO-CHEMICAL TELEGRAPH.
Bain's Electro-Chemical Telegraph-Apparatus and Manipulation-Smith and Bain's
Patented Invention-Bain's Description and Claims-Morse's Electro-Chemical Telegraph-Westbrook and Rogers' Electro-Chemical Telegraph................ 354