Reports of explorations and surveys, to ascertain the most practicable and economical route for a railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean: Vol. 4, Pt. 3

BOTANY.
conspicuous. Corollas yellow, narrowly infundibuilform,-tubular, rather deeply 5-toothed at the
summit, externally callous-thickened, and reticulated at the tip. Stamens, style, &c., as in
Seuecio. Achenia linear, perfectly glabrous, strongly ribbed or angled, fully 3 lines long.
Pappus soft and fine, white, minutely scabrous. This striking slaecies may perhaps be taken
for a Cacalia; but I see nothing to distinguish it from Senecio. There is no North American
species with which I can compare it, except S. Fremntii, Torr. & Gray, which has much
~exeptS.Froontii, Tort. & Grtiy, whichasmh
smaller and radiate heads.
HAPLOESTHES GREGGrI, Gray, P1. Fendl. p. 109. Gypsum hills, on the Upper Canadian;
September.
CIRSIUM UNDULATUM,.Spreng.; DC.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2,. 456. Plains of the Upper Canadian to Anton Chico, in the mountains; September.
CIRSIUM ALTISSIMUM, Spreng.; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Woods, near Shawneetown; August.
"Stem 10 feet high."
CIRSIUM CALIFORNICUM (Sp. nov.): elatum, ramosum; foliis caulinis lanceolatis basi subdecurrentibus infra medium sinuato-pinnatifidis denticulatis spinulosis supra glabris vel
glabratis subtus ramisque arachnoideis; capitulis longe pedunculatis hemisphericis; involucro
-ebracteato glabrato, squamis subulato-lanceolatis superne subfoliaceis patulis spinula brevi
cuspidatis. Hill-sides, near Knight's Ferry, on the Stanislaus, California; May. Only the
upper part of an apparently tall plant was collected. The largest leaves (upper cauline) are 5
or 6 inches long, an. inch wide, obtusely sinuate-pinnatifid from the middle to the base,the
summit entire; the upper surface green, sparingly arachnoid when very young, soon glabrous
and smooth, the lower clothed with a thin and whitish arachnoid wool, not more dense than
that of C. lanceolatum. Heads solitary, terminating nearly naked branches or peduncles of 5
to 8 inches long, erect, rather smaller then those of C. lanceolatum. Scales of the involucre
occupying only about five series, slightly arachnoid, soon glabrous, smooth; the coriaceous base
appressed; the upper half of all except the innermost spreading, and more or less green,
narrow, tapering into a small prickle of not more than two lines in length. Flower apparently
pale purple or pink. Pappus not very copious, 7 lines long.
ONOPORDON ACANTEIUM, Linn.? San Francisco; April. The heads undeveloped.
SILYBRUM MARIANUM, Gcertn. Stanislaus River, iear Knight's Ferry, California; May. A
single specimen occurs in the collection; its ticket has no indication of the plant being otherwise than indigenous; but it was doubtless introduced from the south of Europe.
PEREZIA NANA, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 111, & P1. Wright. 1, p. 125. Plains, near Laguna
Colorado, New Mexico; September.
CALAIS MACROCHaTA, Gray, PI. Fendl. p. 112, adn,* San Francisco, California; April. The
*The recent accessions to this group of plants render the union of Scorzonella, Nutt. and Ptilophora, Gray, Pl. Fendl. 1. c.,
with calais inevitable, as will be seen by the following synoptical view
CALAIS, DC. Prodr. 7, p. 85, char. auct.
Capitulum multi-(rarius pauci)-florum. lnvolucrum cylindraceum vel-campanulatum, aut simplex basi calyculatum, aut
imbricatum'pauciseriale. Receptaculum epaleaceum planum. Achenia teretia, 10-14-ostata, aut erostria aut sursum rostratoattenuata. Pappus simplex, e paleis scariosis aristatis 5-10 vel 14-22, aristis scabris barbellatis vel plumosis. Herbs America
Boreali-Occidentalis, scapis ramisve superne longe nudis monocephalis, floribus flavis.
~ 1. CALOCALAIS, DC. Achenia gracilia, apice attenuata vel breviter rostrata. Pappus (smpissime niveus) e paleis 5 apice
bifidis ex sinu aristam nudam proferentibus. Involucri squame exteriores breviores. Ligulm breves vix exsertee. Monocarpic,
leptorhize, subcaulescentes.
1. C. LINEARIFOLIA, DC. 1. c., excl. syn. C. Lindleyi, DC.
2. C. MACROCH.&TA, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 112, excl. syn.
3. C. PARRYi (sp. nov.): scaposa, fere glabra:; involucri squamis triseriatis ovatis oblongisve subobtusis, exterioribus graduatim
brevioribus; pappi paleis oblongis apice bifidis arista e sinu exserente barbellato-scabra dimidio brevioribus. Near San Diego,
California, Dr. Parry. (Achenia not seen.)
~ 2. EUCALAIS, DC. Achenia broviora, linearia vel oblonga basi attenuata, erostria, apice truncata, extima villosa. Pappus
(sordidus vel rufidulus) e paleis 5 integris in aristam barbellato-scabram productis. Involucrum basi calyculatum; squame
propriie inter se eequales. Ligule breviusculme, exserte. Monocarpice, leptorhizie, scapose.
4. C. DOUGLASII, DC. 1. c.
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