A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

STRATOCLES. STRATON. 923
STRABO, C. PAETILIUS, C. L., the name the assembly the most preposterous decrees (Plut.
of a freedman, which appears, with the epithet Desletr. 11, 12). When on one occasion, heproCAELATOR, on an inscription, respecting the ge- posed a vote that whatever Demetrius ordere was
nuineness of which there are strong doubts. There pious towards the gods and just towards men, a
is no other mention of this artist. (Muratori, satirical remark of Demochares in reply to some
Thles. vol. i. p. lxx. n. 6; Maffei, Art. Cr. Lapid. who said that Stratocles must be mad to propose
p. 214; Orelli, Inser. Lat. Sel. n. 1614; R. Ro- such decrees, led to a quarrel between Demochares
chette, Lettre a M. Schorn, p. 409.) [P. S.] and the partizans of Stratocles, and ultimately to
STRATEGOPU'LUS, GREGO'RIUS. the banishment of the former (Plut. Demletr. c. 24.
[MAMMAS.] Compare DEMOCHARES, vol. i. p. 973). It was
STRA'TIUS (2Tpdcf'os.) 1. A son of Nestor to accommodate the celebration of the Eleusinian
and Anaxibia.. (Hom. Od. iii. 413.) mysteries to the convenience or caprice of Demetrius,
2. A son of Clymenus. (Paus. ix. 37. ~ 1.) who demanded to be initiated, that Stratocles pro3. Stratios, i. e. the warlike, occurs also as a posed the outrageouslyabsurd decree, that the people
surname of Zeus and Ares. (Strab. xiv. p. 659; should call the month Munychion Anthesterion, and
Herod. v. 119.) [L. S.] celebrate the smaller mysteries, and then forthwith
STRA'TIUS (2rpd's1S). I. An Achaean of change the name again to Boedromion and celebrate
Tritaea, was one of the deputies who met to deli- the greater mysteries (Plut. Demetr. 26). This was
berate concerning the course to be pursued at the in B. c. 302. A fragment of a speech of Stratocles
breaking out of the war between Perseus and the is quoted by Photius (Cod. ccl. 4. p. 447, a. ed. BekRomans (B. C. 169). Though his sentiments were ker.) from Agatharchides (Ruhnken. Hist. Crit.
hostile to Rome, he dissuaded his countrymen from Orat. Graec. Opusc. p. 362, &c.).
taking any active part against the republic (Polyb. We find a Stratocles mentioned as one of the
xxviii. 6). He was one of the Achaeans after- Athenian generals at the battle of Chaeroneia, in
wards carried to Rome in B. C. 167, to await the B. c. 338. (Polyaen. Strateg. iv. 2; comp. Aesch.
judgment of the senate, and an embassy sent adv. Ctes. c. 45. p. 74.) Droysen (Gesch. der
thither by his countrymen in B. C. 160, had for its Nacclfolyer Alexanders, p. 498) considers the genechief object to obtain the liberation of him and ral and the orator to be identical.
Polybius (Id. xxxii. 7). He was not, however, Cicero (Brutus, 11) mentions a Stratocles in a
set free till long after, when he returned to his connection which seems to point him out as a rhenative country, where we find him thenceforth torician who was the author of some historical
taking a strong part in support of the Roman in- work. Ruhnken, however (I. c. p. 364) identifies
fluence, and opposing the destructive counsels of him with the Athenian orator.
Critolaus and Diaeus. (Id. xxxviii. 5, xl. 4.) 2. A celebrated actor at Rome, mentioned by
2. A physician and friend of Eumenes II., king Quintilian (Inst. Orat. xi. 3, ~ 178) and Juvenal
of Pergamus, who was sent by him to Rome in (iii. 99).
B. C. 167, to restrain as well as observe the am- 3. Some others of the same name are met with,
bitious designs of his brother Attalus. By his the notices of whom are not worth inserting
prudent admonitions he succeeded in recalling that here. [C. P. M.]
prince to a sense of duty. (Polyb. xxx. 2; Liv. STRA'TOLAS (XTpaTdoas), a citizen of Elis,
xlv. 19.) [E. H. B.] and one of the leaders of the oligarchical party
STRATOCLES (r'paC'oscXjs). 1. An Athe- there. In B. C. 364 we find him in command of
nian orator, the son of Euthydemus. He was a what Xenophon calls the Three Hundred, - percontemporary of Demosthenes, and a friend of the haps a body organized by the oligarchs out of their
orator Lycurgus. It was on his motion that a own class, in imitation of the Sacred Band of
decree was passed investing Lycurgus with the Thebes (see Thirlwall's Greece, vol. v. p. 136).
office of manager of the public revenue (Plut. Vit. Acting in this capacity, he fell in battle at Olymx. Orat. p. 852. a.). Stratocles was a virulent op- pia against the Arcadians, who had invaded Elis,
ponent of Demosthenes, whom he charged with and were attempting to celebrate the Olympic
having accepted bribes from Harpalus (Deinarch. games under the presidency of Pisa. (Xen. Hell.
in Demosth. pp. 175, a. 177, a. Compare DE- vii. 4. ~~15, 31; comp.Diod.xv. 77,82.) [E. E.]
MOSTHENES, vol. i. p. 986). He was himself a STRATON (.'par'wv), historical. 1. A Tyrian,
man of very disreputable character, though a per- who was preserved by the gratitude of his slave,
suasive speaker (Demosth. adv. Pantaen. p. 944. c.; upon occasion of a general servile insurrection, and
Plut. Demetr. c. 11. p. 893, e.). Plutarch com- was subsequently elected by general consent to be
pares him to Cleon, whom he seems even to have king of Tyre, a dignity which he transmitted to his
surpassed in impudence. On the occasion of the descendants. No clue is given us to the date of
defeat of Amorgus (B. c. 322) Stratocles, having this story, which is recorded only by Justin (xviii.
himself received intelligence some timne before the 3), and wears a very fabulous aspect.
news became generally known, crowned himself 2. Son of Gerostratus, the king or dynast of
with a chaplet, and went through the Cerameicus,,Aradus in Phoenicia at the time of its conquest by
proclaiming that the Athenians had been victori- Alexander. Gerostratus himself was absent with
ous, and bidding the people celebrate a festival of the Persian fleet, but Straton hastened after the
thanksgiving. When the real state of the case battle of Issus (B. C. 333) to meet the conqueror
became known, and the people indignantly charged on his advance into Phoenicia with the offering of
him with having deceived them, he asked, with a crown of gold, and bearing the submission of
consummate effrontery, what harm he had done, Aradus and its dependent cities. (Arrian. Anab.
for it was owing to him that they had had three ii. 13; Curt. iv. 1. ~ 6.)
days' enjoyment. Stratocles especially distin- 3. King or dynast of Sidon, at the same period,
guished himself by his extravagant flattery of De- was distinguished for his luxury and voluptuous,
nletrius, in whose honour he brought forward in ness, in which he sought to vie with his contem