A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

886 SOSTRATUS. SOSTRATUS.
Antipater, a nephew of Cassander, was placed on SO'STRATUS, literary. 1. A grammarian
the throne, but his incapacity became speedily ap- who lived in the time of Augustus. He was a
parent, and the times being such as to require an native of Nysa, and a son of Aristodemus, who
efficient military leader, he was set aside after a was an old man when Strabo was young (Strabo,
reign of only 45 days, and Sosthenes assumed the xiv. p. 560).
command of the army, though without the title of 2. A native of Phanagoreia (Steph. Byz. s. v.
king. His arms were at first crowned with suc- MvKc{am).
cess: he defeated the division of the Gauls under We have no means of deciding whether it is to
Belgius, and for a time cleared Macedonia of the either of these, or to some different author, that
barbarians, but was in his turn defeated by Bren- the following works are to be ascribed: - 1. A
nus, and compelled to shut up his troops within work on Etruscan history (TvpprYcIKa, Plut. Parall.
the walls of the fortresses. Brennus, however, Min. c. 28; Stob. Floril. lxiv. 35). 2. A
now turned his arms against Greece. Macedonia work on animals (Athen. vii. pp. 303, b., 312,
became again free, and Sosthenes retained the ad- e.; Aelian. Hist. -An. v. 27, vi. 51). 3. A work
ministration of affairs during the space of nearly on legendary history (MvuAKc dyw'y7r, Stob. 1. c.
two years. Such at least is the statement of Por- c. 19). 4. A treatise on hunting (KUvc }yr-TLICi,
phyry, but the chronology of these events is ex- Stob. 1. c. lxiv. 33). 5. A work on Thrace (Opatremely obscure. Sosthenes is included by the Kccd, Stob. 1. c. vii. 66). 6. A treatise on rivers
chronologers among the kings of Macedonia; but (Plut. de Fluv. c. 2; Vossius, de Hist. Graec.
it is very doubtful whether he ever assumed the p. 227, ed. Westermann.) [C. P. M.]
royal title, which he had at first expressly refused. SO'STRATUS (W'orspaT's), the name of three
(Justin. xxiv. 5, 6; Porphyr. ap. Euseb. Arm. members of the family of the Asclepiadae. 1. The
vol. i. pp. 156, 157, 162.) [E. H. B.] third in descent from Aesculapius, the son of HipSO'STHENES (:wot0eYvs), of Cnidus, wrote polochus I., and the father of Dardanus, who may
a work on Iberia, of which Plutarch quotes the be supposed to have lived in the eleventh century
thirteenth book. (Plut. de Fluv. cc. 16, 17; Vos- B. C. (Jo. Tzetzes, Cmit. vii. Hist. 155, in Fabric.
sius, de Hist. Graecis, p. 500, ed. Westermann.) Bibl. Gr. vol. xii. p. 680, ed. vet.)
SO'STHENES (wo0-e7vs), a gem-engraver, 2. The eighth in descent from Aesculapius, the
for the above form, first suggested by Visconti, son of Theodorus I., and the father of king Criseems to be most probably the correct mode of samis II., who lived perhaps in the eighth and
reading the inscription on a celebrated gem, which seventh centuries B. c. (Id. ibid.)
others have read Sosicles or Sosocles. This is one 3. The twelfth in descent fiom Aesculapius, the
of the many examples of the confusion of Greek son of Theodorus II., and the father of Nebrus,
names beginning in So. The Gem is an intaglio, who lived in the seventh century B. c. (Id. ibid.;
representing a Gorgon's head, in that beautifiul style Poeti Epist. ad Ar-tax. ap. Hippocr. Opera, vol. iii.
which did not prevail until after the time of Praxi- p. 770.)
teles. (Stosch, pl. 65; Bracci, pl. 109; Mus. Borb. 4. A surgeon of Alexandria, mentioned in terms
vol. iv. pl. 39; Eckhel, Pierres grav. 31; Lippert, of praise by Celsus (De MIed. vii. praef. p. 137),
Daktyliothek, i. ii. 70-77; R. Rochette, Lettre a who may be conjectured (from the names of his
Al. Scchorn, pp. 154, 155, 2d ed.) [P. S.] apparent contemporaries) to have lived in the third
SO'STRATUS (,c: rpators), a youth beloved century B.c. (See also Cels. vii. 4, 14, pp. 139,
by Hercules, to whom funeral sacrifices were offered 151.) Sprengel says he was a celebrated lithotoin Achaia, and whose tomb was shown in the mist, but of this there is no evidence. He appears
neighbourhood of the town of Dyme. (Pauns. vii. to have given some attention to the subject of
17. ~ 4.) [L. S.] bandages (Galen, De Fasc. c. 102, 103, vol. xviii.
SO'STRATUS (1ct'orpawros). 1. An Aegine- pt. i. p. 823; Nicetas, cc. 469, 482, 484), and is
tan, son of Laodamas, is alluded to by Herodotus probably the same person who wrote some zooloas having made the greatest profits ever realized by gical works, which are quoted by several ancient
a single commercial voyage, but unfortunately the authors, but are not now extant. (Aelian, De Nat.
period and other circumstances of this successful Anim. v. 27, vi. 51; Schol. Nicand. Thier. vv. 565,
enterprise are wholly unknown to us. (Herod. iv. 747, 760, 764; Schol. Theocr. Id. i. 115 *; Athen.
152.) Deipn. vii. 66, 90, pp. 303, 312.) See also Galen,
2. A Syracusan. [SosIsTRATUS, NO. 2.] De Antid. ii. 14. vol. xiv. p. 184; and Gariopontus,
3. Son of Amyntas, a noble Macedonian youth, De Febr. c. 7. (Sprengel's Gesch. der Arzneik. ed.
in the service of Alexander the Great; was one of 1846.) [W. A. G.]
those implicated in the conspiracy of the pages SO'STRATUS (UCorTparos), artists. There
against that monarch, for which he was put to are at least four, if not five, Grecian artists mendeath together with his friend and associate Her- tioned, of this name, who have been frequently
molaus. [HERMOLAUS.] confounded with one another, but whom Thiersch
4. A citizen of Chalcedon, who became a courtier has distinguished with much skill and, for the
of the Gaulish king Cavarus, and is accused of most part, correctly. (Epochlen d. bild. Kunst.,
having corrupted the naturally good disposition of pp. 278, 282, foll.)
that chieftain by his flatteries. (Polyb. ap. Athen. 1. A statuary in bronze, the sister's son of
vi. p. 252, c.) - Pythagoras of Rhegium, and his disciple, flourished
5. A flute-player and parasite, who enjoyed a about 01. 89, B. c. 424. (Plin. N. H. xxxiv. 8.
high place in the favour of Antiochus II. king of s. 19. ~ 5.) None of his works are mentioned.
Syria. His sons were admitted by that monarch 2. Of Chios, the instructor of Pantias, and
among his body-guards. (Athen. i. p. 19, a. vi. p.
244, f.) * In this passage (as Dr. Rosenbaum, the editor
6. Father of Deinarchus the Athenian orator, of the new edition of Sprengel's History, remarks)
calle-I by somue writers Socrates. E. E1. B.] for Wa.rpos we should read w'(rr'rpaXos.