A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

794 SERVIUS. SESOSTRIS.
father was alive, who had sat in the curule chair, minally, at least, still extant; but from the widely
inasmuch as he was ignorant of the existence of his different forms which it assumes in different MSS.,
father (Liv. xxx. 19, comp. xxvii. 1). No other it is clear that it must have been changed and illancient writer mentions any law which forbade terpolated to such an extent by the transcribers of
such an election: the conjectures of modern writers the middle ages, that it is impossible to determine
on the point are given at length in Duker's note how much belongs to Servius and how much to
on the passage of Livy (xxx. 19). In B. C. 202, the later hands by whom his performance has been
Servilius was appointed dictator by the consul overlaid. Even in its present condition, however,
M. Servilius Gemninus for the purpose of holding it contains so many quotations from lost works,
the comitia, being the last person who was named and so much curious information on abstruse points
dictator till the usurpation of the office by Sulla. connected with history, antiquities, and mythology,
In B. C. 201, he was one of the decemviri for dis- that it is deservedly regarded as the most important
tributing lands to the veterans who had fought in and valuable of all the Latin Scholia. It is atAfrica under P. Scipio, and ill B. C. 183 he was tached to many of the earlier impressions of the
elected pontifex maximus in the place of P. Li-'poet, and by comparing a few of these the discinius Crassus. He died in B. c. 180. (Liv. xxv. crepancies alluded to above will be at once per15, xxvii. 6, 21, 33, 36, xxviii. 10, 46, xxix. ceived. Much was done to improve and purify the
38, xxx. 1, 19, 39, xxxi. 4, xxxix. 46, xl. 37, text by R. Stephens (Paris, fol. 1532), and by
42.) Masvicius (Viryilii Opera, 4to. Leovard. 1717),
3. Q. SERVILIUS, proconsul, was slain by the but it will be found under its best form in the
inhabitants of Asculum on the breaking out of celebrated edition of Virgil by Burmann. The
the Social War, in B. C. 90. He is erroneously recension by Lion (2 vols. 8vo. Gotting. 1825) is
called Servius by some writers. (Appian, B. C. i. not of any particular value.
38; Liv. Epit. 72; Vell. Pat. ii. 15; Oros. v. 18.) We possess also the following treatises which
4. P. SERVILIUS, a Roman eques, the magister bear the name of Servius Maurus Honoratus.
of one of the companies that farmed the taxes in 2. In secundam Donati Editionem Interpretatio,
Sicily during the administration of Verres. (Cic. printed by Jo. Theodoricus Bellovacus, in his
Verr. iii. 71.) " Grammatici illustres XlI." fol. Paris, 1516; by
5. C. SERVlLIUS, a Roman citizen in Sicily, Adamus Petri, in his collection, 8vo. Basel, 1527,
publicly scourged by Verres. (Cic. Verr. v. 54.) and included by Putschius in his " Grammaticae
6. M. SERvILIUS, accused of repetundae in B. c. Latinae Auctores Antiqui," 4to. Hannov. 1605,
51. (Cael. ad Fam. viii. 8. ~ 3; Cic. ad Att. vi. 3. pp. 1779-1799. Some additions will be found in
~ 10.) Endlicher, Analecta Grammatica, p. 512.
7. M. SERVILIUS, tribune of the plebs, B. c. 44, 3. De Ratione ultimarumn Syllabarum ad Aquiis praised by Cicero as vir fortissimnus. (Cic. ad linum Liber, first printed along with the CentiFaim. xii. 7, Philipp. iv. 6.) metrum (see below) by Robertus de Fano and
SERVI'LIUS BA'REA SORA'NUS. [BA- Bernardinus de Bergomo, 4to. Call. 1476, and conREA.] tained in Putschius, p. 1799-1815. See also
SERVI'LIUS DAMO'CRATES. [DAMo- Endlicher, p. 491, where we have the title de
CRATES.] Finalibus.
SERVI'LIUS NONIA'NUS. [NONIANUS.] 4. Ars de centuan.Metris s. Centimetrum, adSERVI'LIUS PUDENS. [PUDENS.] dressed to Albinus, first printed in the " de
SERVI'LIUS SILA NUS. [SILANUS.] Schemate et Tropo" of Beda, 4to. Mediol. 1473,
SE'RVIUS, a common Roman praenomen, also contained in Putschius, pp. 1815-1826, and to be
occurs as the gentile name of a few persons, though found under its best form in Gaisford's " Scriptores
even in the case of these persons the gentile name Latini Rei Metricae," 8vo. Oxon. 1837, p. 363.
may have been dropped, and Servius be simply a (Macrob. Sat. i. 2, 24, vi. 6, 7, vii. 11; Heyne, de
praenomen. Antiq. Virg. Interpr. Burmann, Praef.) [W. R.]
SE'RVIUS. A tract, divided into eleven sec- SEIRVIUS POLA. [POLA.]
tions, entitled Servii Ars Grainmmatica, or more SE'RVIUS RUFUS. [RUFus.]
fully, EHxpositio Magistri Servii super I'artes Mi- SE'RVIUS TU'LLIUS. [TULLIUS.]
nores, was published, for the first time, from a SESOSTRIS (2&oWo'rpms), or, as Diodorus calls
Berlin MS., by Lindemann, and annexed to his him, SESOOSIS (2eaoaivLs), was the name given
edition of " Pompeii Commentum Artis Donati," by the Greeks to the great king of Egypt, who is
8vo. Lips. 1820. The author is altogether un- called in Manetho and on the monuments Ramses
known. [W. R.] or Ramesses. Not only do Manetho and the moSE'RVIUS MAURUS HONORA'TUS, or numents prove that Sesostris is the same as Ramses,
SE'RVIUS MA'RIUS HONORAITUS, as the but it is evident from Tacitus (Ann. ii. 59) that
name is variously written, the arrangement of its the Egyptian priests themselves identified Ramses
constituent parts being, moreover, varied in every with Sesostris in the account which they gave to
possible way, was a celebrated Latin grammarian, Germanicus of the victories of their great monarch.
contemporary with Macrobius, for we cannot reason- Ramses is a name common to several kings of the
ably doubt that he is the Servius introduced among eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth dynasties;
the dramatis personae of the Saturnalia, and who but Sesostris must be identified with Ramses, the
is frequently mentioned with the greatest respect third king of the nineteenth dynasty, the son of
in that work, a warm tribute being paid not only Seti, and the father of Menephthah, according to
to his learning and his talents, but also to his the restoration of the lists of Manetho by Bunsen.
amiable disposition and unaffected modesty. His This king is frequently called Ramses II., or
most celebrated production was an elaborate com- Ramses the Great, to distinguish him from Ramses,
mentary upon Virgil, compiled from the labours of the first king of the nineteenth dynasty. It was
a multitude of earlier allnnotators. This is, no- under the kings of the eighteenth and nineteenth