A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

748 SCIPIO. SCIPIO
driving a quadriga, with L. sclP. ASIAG. i. e. who was taken prisoner in his camp along with.
Asiagenes or Asiagenus. Though Livy usually his son Lucius, but was dismissed by Sulla unincalls him Asiaticus, he gives Asiagenes as his sur- jured. He was, however, included in the proname in one passage (xxxix. 44): in the epitaph scription in the following year, B. c. 82, whereon his tomb he is called Asiagenus. upon he fled to Massilia, and passed there the
14. P. CORNELIUS SclPIO AFRICANUS, the remainder of his life. His daughter was married
elder son of the great Africanus [No. 12], was to P. Sestius (Appian, B. C. i. 82, 85, 86; Plut.
prevented by his weak health from taking any part Sull. 28, Sertor. 6; Liv. Epit. 85; Flor. iii. 21;
in public affairs. Cicero praises his oratiunculae Oros. v. 21; Cic. Phil. xii. 11, xiii. 1; Cic. pro
and his Greek history, and remarks that, with the Sest. 3; Schol. Bob. in Sest. p. 293, ed. Orelli).
greatness of his father's mind he possessed a larger Cicero speaks favourably of the oratorical powers
amount of learning. He had no son of his own, of this Scipio (dicebat non imperite, Cic. Brut.
but adopted the son of L. Aemilius Paulus [see 47).
below, No.21]. (Cic.Brut. 19, Cat.faj. 11,,deOJf 21. P. CORNELIUS SCIPIO AEMILIANUS AFRIi. 33; Vell. Pat. i. 10). He was elected augur in CANUS MINOR, was the younger son of L. Aemilius
B. C. 180 (Liv. xl. 42), and was also Flamen Dia- Paulus, the conqueror of Macedonia, and was
lis, as we see from the inscription on his tomb. adopted by P. Scipio, the son of the conqueror of
This inscription runs as follows:-" Quei apicem, Hannibal [No. 14], whose mother was a sister of
insigne Dialis flaminis, gessistei, mors perfecit tua, L. Aemilius Paulus. He was born about. c.
ut essent omnia brevia, honos fama virtusque, gloria 185. In his seventeenth year he accompanied his
atque ingenium. Quibus sei in longa licuisset tibe father Paulus to Greece, and fought under him at
utier vita, facile superas(s)es'gloriam majorem. the battle of Pydna, in B.c. 168 (Liv. xliv. 44;
Quare lubens te in gremiu(m), Scipio, recipit terra, Plut. Aemnil. Paul. 22). While in Greece he proPubli, prognatum Publio, Corneli." (Orelli, Ize- bably became acquainted with the historian Polyscript. No. 558). bius; and when the latter was sent to Rome, along
15. L. or CN. CORNELIUS SCIPIO AFRICANUS, with the other Achaean exiles, in the following
the younger son of the great Africanus [No. 12]. year, B. c. ] 67, Scipio afforded him the paHe accompanied his father into Asia in B. c. 190, tronage and protection of his powerful family, and
and was taken prisoner by Antiochus, as has al- formed with him that close and intimate friendship
ready been related in the life of his father. Appian, which continued unbroken throughout his life.
ill relating this circumstance (Syr. 29), confounds Scipio appears from his earliest years to have dehim with the celebrated Africanus minor. This voted himself with ardour to the study of literaScipio was a degenerate son of so illustrious a sire, ture; and he eagerly availed himself of the suand only obtained the praetorship, in B. c. 174, perior knowledge of Polybius to direct him ill his
through Cicereius, who had been a scriba of his literary pursuits. HIe was accompanied by the
father, giving way to him. In the same year he Greek historian in almost all his campaigns, and in
was expelled from the senate by the censors. (Liv. the midst of his most active military duties, lost
xli. 27; Val. Max. iii. 5. ~ 1, iv. 5. ~ 3.) no opportunity of enlarging his knowledge of Greek
16. CORNELIA, the elder daughter of the great literature and philosophy, by constant intercourse
Africanus [No. 1] 2], married P. Scipio Nasica Cor- with his friend. At a later period he also culticulum, No. 23. [CORNELIA, No. 4.] vated the acquaintance of the philosopher Panae17. CORNELIA, the younlger daughter of the tius; nor did he neglect the literature of his own
great Africanus [No. 12], married Tib. Sempronius country, for the poets Lucilius and Terence were,
Gracchus, and became by him the mother of the as is well known, admitted to his intimacy. His
two celebrated tribunes. [CORNELIA, No. 5.] friendship with Laelius, whose tastes and pursuits
18. L. CORNELIUS SCIPIO ASIlTICUS, the son were so congenial to his own, was as remarkable as
of the conqueror of Antiochus [No. 13]. The fol- that of the elder Africanus with the elder Laelius,
lowing is the inscription on his tomb: "L. Corneli and has been immortalised by Cicero's celebrated
L. F. P. N. Scipio quaist. tr. mil. annos gnatus treatise entitled "Laelius sive de Amicitia." In
XXXIIl. mortuos. Pater regem Antioco(m) his younger years it was feared by Scipio's friends
subegit" (Orelli, Insecr. No. 556). As he is here that he would not uphold the honour of his house,
called quaestor, he is probably the same as the L. an apprehension probably only founded on his liteCornelius Scipio, the quaestor, who was sent to rary habits and pursuits; but in him the love of
meet Prusias and conduct him to Rome, when this Greek refinement and Greek literature did not
monarch visited Italy in 1c. c. 167 (Liv. xlv. 44). emasculate his mind, or incapacitate him for taking
19. L. CORNELIUS SCIPco ASIATICUS, is only a distinguished part in public affairs. On the conknown from the Fasti Capitolini, as the son of trary he is said to have cultivated the virtues
No. 18, and father of No. 20. which distinguished the older Romans, and to have
20. L. CORNELIUS SCIPIO AI1ATICUs, is first made Cato the model of his conduct. If we may
mentioned in B. C. 100, when he took up arms believe his panegyrists, Polybius and Cicero, he
with the other members of the senate against possessed all the simple virtues of an old Roman,
Saturninus (Cic. prno Rabir. Perd. 7). In the mellowed by the refining influences of Greek civiSocial War he was stationed with L. Acilius in lisation.
the town of Aesernia, from which they escaped on Scipio first attracted public notice in B. c. 151.
the approach of Vettius Scato in the dress of The repeated disasters which the Roman arms had
slaves (Appian, B. C. i. 41). He belonged to the sustained in Spain had inspired such dread of that
Marian party in the civil wars, and was appointed war, that when the consuls attempted to levy
consul in B.C. 83 with C. Norbanus. In this troops in B. C. 151, no one was willing to enlist
year Sulla returned to Italy, and advanced against as a soldier, or to take the offices of tribune or
the consuls. He defeated Norbacnus in Italy, but legate. Scipio inspired confidence by coming
seduced the troops of Scipio to desert their general, forward, and offering to serve in Spain in any