A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ORUS. OTACILIA. 63
Mithridates the Great, who was taken prisoner by senting a head of Silenus, in the M1useunz WorselyPompey, and served to adorn his triumph, B. C. 61 anu2am, p. 144. [P. S.]
(Appian, IMi/hr. 117). The name Orsobaris occurs ORXINES ('Opfvsis), a noble and wealthy
aiso on a coin of the city of Prusias, in Bithynia. Persian, who traced his descent from Cyrus. He
which bearsthe inscription BAIAIS:Hl MOTYH2 was present at the battle of Gaugamela, when,
OP:OBAPIO:; and this is conjectured by Vis- together with Orontobates, he commanded the
conti (Iconogr. Grecqiie, tom. ii. p. 195) to refer to troops which came from the shores of the Persian
the same person as the one mentioned in Appian, Gulf. Subsequently, during the absence of Alexwhom he supposes to have been married to Socrates, ander (B. C. 325), on the death of Phrasaortes, the
the usurper set up by Mithridates as king of satrap of Persis, Orxines assumed the government,
Bithynia. [E. H. B.] and on the return of Alexander came to meet hiil
ORSI'LOCHUS ('Opo-ihoxos). 1. A son of the with costly presents. Alexander does not appear
river god Alpheits and Telegone, and the father to have been incensed at this usurpation, in which
of Diocles, at Pherae, in Messenia. (Hom. I1. v. indeed Orxines seems to have been actuated by
545, Od. iii. 489, xv. 187, xxi. 15; Paus. iv. 30. loyal intentions towards Alexander. But the
~ 2.) sepulchre of Cyrus at Pasargadae had been violated
2. A grandson of No. 1, and brother of Crethon, and pillaged, and the enemies of Orxines seem to
together with whom he was slain by Aeneias, at have laid hold of this for the purpose of securing
Troy. (Hom. II. v. 542, &c.; Paus. iv. i. ~ 3.) his ruin. He was charged with that and other
3. A sonl of Idomeneus. (Hom. Od. xiii. 259- acts of sacrilege, as well as with having abused his
271.) [L. S.] power. Arrian says nothing of the charge being
O'RTALUS, or more properly HO'RTALUS, unfounded, but Curtius represents Orxines (or
a cognomen of the Hortensii. [HORTENSIuS.] Orsines, as he calls him) as the victim of calumny
ORTHA'GORAS ('OpOayo'pas). 1. Of Thebes, and intrigue. However that may have been, he
mentioned by Socrates in the Protagoras of Plato was crucified by order of Alexander. (Arrian, iii.
(p. 318, c.), as one of the most celebrated flute- 8. ~ 8, vi. 29. ~ 3; Curt. iv. 12. ~ 8, x. 1. ~~ 22,
players of his day, and by Athenaeus as one of the 29, 37.) [C. P. M.]
instructors of Epaminondas in flute-playing. (Ath. OSACES. [AnsAcEs XIV., p. 356, a.]
iv. p. 184, e.) OSI'RIS (lOLpes), the great Egyptian divinity,
2. A geographer, whose age is unknown, but and husband of Isis. According to Herodotus
whose work on India ('Iyol Ahyo&) is quoted both they were the only divinities that were worshipped
by Aelian (N. A. xvi. 35; xvii. 6) and by Strabo by all the Egyptians (Herod. ii. 42). Osiris is
(xvi. p. 766). His statements in that work, re- described by Plutarch, in his treatise oin Isis and
specting the Red Sea, are quoted by Philostratus Osiris, as a son of Rhea and Helios. His Egyptian
( Fit. Apollon. iii. 53; Phot. Biblioth. cod. ccxli. p. name is said to have been Hysiris (Plut. 1. c. 34),
327, b. 10, Bekker). [P. S.] which is interpreted to mean "son of Isis," though
O/RTHIA ('OpOia,'OpOis, or'OpOwaia), a sur- some said that it meant "many-eyed;" and accordname of the Artemis who is also called Iphigeneia ing to Heliodorus (Aeth. ix. 424), Osiris was the
or Lygodesma, and must be regarded as the goddess god of the Nile, as Isis was the goddess of the
of the moon. Her worship was probably brought earth. (Comp. Bunsen, Aegypt. Stelle in der Weltto Sparta from Lemnos. It was at the altar of gesch. vol. i. p. 494, &c.) [L. S.]
Artemis Orthia that Spartan boys had to undergo O'SIUS. [HosIus.]
the diamastigosis (Schol. ad Pind. 01. iii. 54; OSROES. [ARnscEs XXV., p. 359, a.]
Herod. iv. 87; Xenoph. de Rep. Lac. ii. 10). She OSSA COoma), the personification of rumour or
also had temples at Brauron, in the Cerameicus at report, the Latin Fama. As it is often impossible
Athens, in Elis, and on the coast of Byzantium. to trace a report to its source, it is said to come
The ancients derived' her surname from mount from Zeus, and hence Ossa is called the mesOrthosium or Orthium in Arcadia. [L. S.] senger of Zeus (Hom. Od. i. 282, ii. 216, xxiv.
ORTHRUS C'OpOpos), the dog of Geryones, 412, II. ii. 93). Sophocles (Oed. Tyr. 158) calls
who was begotten by Typhon and Echidna. (Hes. her a daughter of Hope, and the poets, both Greek
Theog. 293; Apollod. ii. 5. ~ 10.) [L. S.] and Latin, have indulged in various imaginary deORTIAGON ('OpvTa'dywv), one of the three scriptions of Ossa or Fama (Hes. Op. et Dies, 705,
princes of Galatia, when that country was invaded &c.; Virg. Aen. iv. 174, &c.; Ov. Met. xii. 39,
by the Romans under Cn. Manlius Vulso, in B. C. &c.). At Athens she was honoured with an altar.
189. He was defeated on Mount Olympus by the (Paus. i. 17. ~ 1.) [L. S.]
invaders, and compelled to fly home for refuge. OSSIPAGA, or OSSIPANGA, also written
Polybius tells us that he cherished the design of Ossilago, Ossipagina, was a Roman divinity, who
uniting all Galatia under his rule, and that he was was prayed to, to harden and strengthen the bones
well qualified to succeed in the attempt, being of infants. (Arnob. adv. Gent. iii. 30, iv. 7.) [L.S.]
liberal, magnanimous, possessed of sagacity and OSTO'RIUS SABI'NUS. [SABINUS.]
winning manners; and above all, brave and skilfull OSTO'RIUS SCA'PULA. [SCAPULA.]
in war. (Polyb. xxii. 21; Liv. xxxviii. 19, &c.) OTACI'LIA SEVE'RA, MA'RCIA, the wife
[CHIOMARA] [E. E.] of the elder M. Julius Philippus, and the mother
ORT'YGIA ('OpTrvyia), a surname of Artemis, of the boy who was put to death by the praetorianls
derived from the island of Ortygia, the ancient after the battle of Verona, A. D. 249. She appears
name for Delos, or an island off Syracuse (Ov. Jiet. to have had a daughter also, since Zosimus speaks
i. 694). The goddess bore this name in various of a certain Severianus as the son-in-law of the
places, but always with reference to the island in emperor. No other circumstances are known rewhich she was born. (Strab. x. p. 486.) [L. S.] garding this princess, except that she was believed
ORUS. [HoRus; ORION.] by many of the ancients to have been a Christian.
ORUS, the engraver of a beautiful gem, repre- The Alexandrian Chronicle makes a positive asser