A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

SALVIDIENUS. SALVIUS. 701
purn Viennensem Libri VIII. cura lo. Alexandri received from Octavian, who had even promised him
Brassicani Jureconsulti editi ac eruditis et culr the consulship, he wrote to M. Antonius, offering
primnis Utilibus Scholiis illustrati. To this volume to induce the troops in his province to desert from
is appended a tract by some unknown person, Octavian. His proposal came too late. Antonius,
attributed erroneouslyto Salvianus: "Anticimenon who had just been reconciled to Octavian, be(i. e. rLuKCEiLeVW'Y) Libri III. in quibus Quaes- trayed the treachery -of Salvidients. The latter
tiones Veteris ac Novi Testamenti de Locis in was forthwith summoned to Rome on some preSpeciem pugnantibus. text, and on his arrival was accused by Augustus
III. Epistolae IX.; addressed to friends upon in the senate, and condemned to death, B. C. 40.
familiar topics. These were first printed in the Livy relates that he put an end to his own life.
edition of the collected works published by P. (Appian, B. C. iv. 85, v. 20, 24, 27, 31-35, 66;
Pithoeus, 8vo. Paris, 1580. Dion Cass. xlviii. 13, 18, 33; Liv. Epit. 123,
Besides the above, the following, now lost, are 127; Vell. Pat. ii. 76; Suet. Oct. 66.)
mentioned by Gennadius:- The annexed coinI was probably struck by Sal1. De Virginitatis bono ad Marcellum Libri IIr. vidienus. It bears on the obverse the head of
2. De eorunm Praemnio satisfaciendo. A title evi- Octavianus, with c. CAESAR III. VIa. R. R. C., and
dently corrupt, which no critic has yet been able on the reverse Q. SALVIVS IMP. cos. DESIG. The
to restore by a satisfactory conjecture. 3. Ad only difficulty in referring it to the preceding
Saloniume Episcopum Liber I. 4. Expositionis person is that he is here called Q. Salvius, while
extremae Partis Libri Ecclesiastis ad Claudianum in the writers his name is always Q. Salvidienus.
FEpiscopusn Viennensem Liber I. 5. De Principio But, on the other hand, there is no Q. Salvius
Genesis usque ad Conditionem Hominis Liber L., in mentioned by any ancient writer to whom it call
verse. 6. De Sacramentis Liber I. 7. Several belong, while the consul designatus applies to
Homilies. Q. Salvidienus, as well as the time at which the
The best editions of the collected works of Sal- coin was struck, namely, while Octavianus was
vianus are those of P. Pithoeus, 8vo. Paris, 1580, triumvir. (Eckhel, vol. v. p. 299.)
frequently reprinted; of Rittershusius, 8vo. Altorf.
1611; and, much superior to either, that of BaluZins, 8vo. Paris, 1663, 1669, 1684; of which the M
last may be regarded as the standard. The different *
pieces will be found also in the Bibliotheca Patrum * E
iaximain, vol. viii. p. 339, fol. Lugd. 1677; and in ^ _
the Bibliotheca Patrums of Galland, vol. x. p. 1, fol. 0
Venet. 1774. (Gennadins, de Viris Illust. 67; 4
Schbnemann, Bibliothec. Patrunm Lat. vol. ii. ~ 39;
Bbihr, Geschichte der RXbmz. Litterat. suppl. Band.
2te Abtheil. ~ 39; see also Heyne, Opusculla COIN OF Q. SALVIDIENUS RUFUS.
Academica, vol. vi.) [W. R.]
SALVIA'NUS, CALPUtRNIUS, accused SAILVIUS. 1. A literary slave of Atticus, is
Sex. Marius in A. D. 25, but having been rebuked frequently mentioned in Cicero's correspondence.
by Tiberius for bringing forward the accusation, (Cic. ad Att. ix. 7, xiii. 44. ~ 3, xvi. 2. ~ 6,
he was banished by the senate. (Tac. Ann. iv. 36. ) ad Fans. ix. 10, ad Q. Fr. iii. 1. ~ 6, iii. 2.)
SALVIDIE'NUS ORFITUS. [ORFITUS, 2. A freedman, who corrupted the son of HorNos. 2, 4, 6.] tensius. (Cic. ad Att. x. 18.)
Q. SALVIDIENUS RUFUS, of equestrian 3. Tribune of the plebs, B.C. 43, first put his
rank, was of humble origin, and owed his ele- veto upon the decree of the senate, which declared
vation to the favour of Octavian, which he repaid M. Antonius a public enemy, but was afterwards
with the b asest ingratitude. He was with Octavian induced not only to withdraw his opposition, but
at Apollonia, and is mentioned along with Agrippa to become a warm supporter of all the measures
as one of his confidential advisers on the assas- of Cicero. He was, in consequence, proscribed
sination of Julius Caesar in B. C. 44 (Vell. Pat. by the triumvirs towards the close of the year,
ii. 59). He was soon employed by Octavian in and was put to death while he Nwas entertaining
the wars in which the latter forthwith became some friends at a banquet. (Appian, B. C. iii.
engaged. In B. C. 42 he commanded the fleet of 50, &c., iv. 17.)
Octavian against Sex. Pompeius, whose rising SAILVIUS, the leader of the revolted slaves in
naval power had excited the apprehensions of the Sicily, is better known by the name of Tryphon,
triumvirs. Her succeeded in protecting the coasts which he assulned. [TRYPHoN.]
of Italy from the ravages of Pompey's fleet, but in SA'LVIUS, artists. 1. A statuary, whose name
a battle fought off Brundusium under the eyes of is inscribed on the edge of the colossal bronze pineOctavian he was obliged to retire with loss. On apple, 16 Roman palms high, which stands in the
Octaviall's return from Greece after the defeat of great niche erected by Bramante, in the gardens of
Brutus and Cassius, Salvidienus was sent into the Vatican, and which was found at the foot of
Spain, but before he had crossed the Alps he was the Mausoleum of Hadrian, when the foundations
summoned back to Italy to oppose L. Antonius of the church of S. Maria della Transpontina were
and Fulvia, who had taken up arms against being prepared. Hence it is inferred, with great
Octavian. In the struggle which ensued (B. C. probability, that this pine-apple formed originally
41-40), usually known by the name of the the ornamental apex of the Mausoleum of Hadrian.
Perusinian war, Salvidienus took an active part If this conjecture be true, we have of course the
as one of Octavian's legates. At the conclusion date of the artist. The inscription is, P. CINof the war he was sent into Gallia Narbonensis. CIUS. P. L. SALVIVS, which shows that the artist
Notwithstanding the marks of confidence he had was a freedman. (Gruter, vol. i. p. clxxxvii.