A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

SABINUS. SABIN US. 689
often cited, sometimes as Caelius Sabilus, some- praetorian troops, was, after Cassius Chaerea, the
times by the name of Sabinus only. [G. L. ] principal conspirator against Caligula, and gave him
SABI'N [S, CALA'VIUS, commanded the one of the fatal blows. Upon the execution of
twvelfth legion under Caesennius Paetus in his un- Chaerea by Claudius, Sabinus voluntarily put an
fortunate campaign in Armenia, A. D. 62. (Tac. end to his own life, disdaining to survive the assoA1nn. xv. 7.) ciate of his glorious deed (Dion Cass. lix. 29, lx. 3;
SABI'NUS, CALVI'SIUS. 1. C. CLvIvsus Suet. Calig. 58; Joseph. Ant. xix. 1, 4).
SABINUS, one of the legates of Caesar in the civil SABIINUS, DOMJITIUS, is mentioned as one
war, wvas sent by him into Aetolia in B. c. 48, and of the principal centurions (p'sinipilares) in Galba's
obtained possession of the whole of the country. army at Rome in A.D. 69 (Tac. Iist. i. 31). We
(Caes. B. C. iii. 34, 35.) It is related by Appian find mention of a Domiitius Sabinus, a tribune of
(B. C. ii. 60) that he was defeated by Metellus the soldiers, who served under Vespasian and Titus
Scipio in Macedonia, but this statement is hardly in the Jewish war. (Joseph. B. J. iii. 7. ~ 34, v. 8.
consistent with Caesar's account. In B. c. 45 he ~ 1.)
received the province of Africa from Caesar. Hayv- SABI' NUS, FAtBIUS. [See above, SABINUS,
ing been elected praetor in B. c. 44, he obtained consularis, p. 688, a.]
fiom Antony the province of Africa again. It was SABItNUS, FLATVIUS. 1. T. FLAVIUS SApretended that the lot had assigned himll this pro- BINUS, the father of the emperor Vespasian, lwas
vince; onl which Cicero remarks that nothing himself the son of T. Flavius Petro, who had served
could be more lucky, seeing that he had just come as a centurion in the army of Pompey at Plharsalia.
from Africa, leaving two legates behind him in Sabinus had been one of the farmers of the tax
Utica, as if he had divined that he should soon of the quadragesima in Asia, which he collected
return. He did not, however, return to Africa, as with so much fairness that many cities erected
the senate, after the departure of Antony for Mu- statues to his honour with the inscription KacAas
tilla, conferred it upon Q. Cornificius (Cic. Plsi2. iii. TeAhwrvaavTL. He afterwards carried on business
10, ad Fain. xii. 25). Sabinus was consul B. c. 39 as a money-lender among the JIelvetians, and died
with L. Marcius Censorinus, and in the following in their country, leaving two sons, Sabinus and
year he commanded the fleet of Octavian in the war Vespasian, afterwards emperor. (Suet. Vesp. 1.)
with Sex. Pompey. In conjuInction with Menas, 2. FLAVIUS SABINUS, the elder son of the prewho had deserted Ponlpey, he fought against Me- ceding, and the brother of the emperor Vespasian.
aecrates, Pompey's adimiral, and sustained a defeat He is first mentioned in the reign of Claudius,
off Cumae. When Menas went over to Pompey A. D. 45, when he served under Plautius in Briagain, just before the breaking out of hostilities in tain, along with his brother Vespasian (Dion Cass.
B. C. 36, Sabinus was deprived of the command of lx. 20). He afterwards governed Moesia for seven
the fleet, because he had not kept a sufficient watch years, and held the important office of praefectus
over the renegade. This, at least, is the reason urbis during the last eleven years of Nero's reign.
assigined by Appian; but Octavian had for other He was removed from this office by Galba, but
reasons determined to entrust the conduct of the was replaced in it on the accession of Otho, who
war to Agrippa. It is evident moreover that Sabinus was anxious to conciliate Vespasian, who comwas not looked upon with suspicion by Octavian, for manded the Roman legions in the East. He conat the close of the war the latter gave him the task tinued to retain the dignity under Vitellius, and
of clearing Italy of robbers. He is mentioned too made the soldiers in the city swear allegiance to
at a later time, shortly before the battle of Actium, the new emperor. But when Vespasian was proas one of the friends of Octavian. (Dion Cass. xlviii. claimed general by the legions in the East, and
34, 46; Appian, B. C. v. 81, 96, 132; Plut. Ant. Anltonius Primus and his other generals in the
58.) West, after the defeat of the troops of Vitellius,
2. C. CALVISIUS ScBmINUS, probably son of No. I, were marching upon Rome, Vitellius, despairing of
was consul s. c. 4 with L. Passienus Rufus (Monum. success, offered to surrender the empire, and to
Ancyr.). place the supreme power in the hands of Sabinus
3. C. CALVISIUS SABINUS, probably son of No 2. till the arrival of his brother. The German sol-.
and grandson of No. 1, was consul under Tiberius diers of Vitellius, however, refused submission to
in A. D. 2.6 with Cis. Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus. this arrangement, and resolved to support their
In. A. D. 32 he was accused of majestas, but was sovereign by arms. Sabinus had now gone too
saved by Celsus, tribune of a city cohort, who was far to retreat; and, as he had not sufficient forces
one of the inforlers. He was governor of Pannonia to oppose the troops of Vitellius, he took refilge in
under Caligula, and was accused with his wife the Capitol. In the following night he caused his
Cornelia; but as their condemnation was certain, own children and Domitian, his brother's son, to
they put an end to their own lives before the trial be brought into the Capitol, and despatched a mescaime on. (Tac. Ann. iv. 46, vi. 9, 1-ist. i. 48; Dion senger to Vespasian's generals, begging for imoleCass. lix. 18.) diate assistance. On the following day the sol4. CALVISIUS SABINuS, a wealthy contemporary diers of Vitellius advanced to attack the Capitol.
of Seneca, was of servile origin, and, though igno- In the assault the houses next the Capitol were
rant, affected to be a man of learning (Sen. Ep. 27). set on fire, whether by the besiegers or tile
SABItNUS, CA/TI US, was consul under Carm- besieged, is uncertain. The flames spread to the
calla in A..D. 216 with Cornelius Anulinus. This Capitol, which was eventually burnt to the ground
was the second consulship of Sabinus; but his first (December, A. D. 69). Sabinus, who was worn out
does not occur in the Fasti. (Cod. Just. 2. tit. 19. by old age, and who had lost his presence of mind
s. 7; 9. tit. 32. s. 3, et alibi.) in the danger, was taken prisoner, and dragged
SABINUS, CLAU/DIUS. [CLAUDIUs, Nos. before Vitellius, who in vain endeavoured to save
1, 2, 3.] him from the fury of the soldiers. While Vitellius
SABI'NUS, CORNEILIUS, a tribune of the was standing before the steps of the palace, they
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